1、Lesson 3 An unknown goddess,New words and expressions,goddess n女神 sacred adj宗教的，神圣的 archaeologist n考古学家 fragment n碎片 Aegean adj爱琴海的,remains n遗物，遗迹，废墟 explore v考察，勘探 classical adj（希腊和罗马）古文化的 promontory n海角 prosperous adj（经济上）繁荣,reconstruct修复的，昌盛的 rest v倚放，放置 civilization n文明 hip n屁股，臀部 storey n楼层 ful
2、l-length adj（裙衣）拖地长的 drainage n排水 graceful adj优雅的 worship n祟拜 identity n身份,Goddess:,-ess:阴性词尾，表示女性或母性 Hostess Waitress Actress Mistress Stewardess murderess Tigress lioness,Archaeologist -ist :-人，-家,Scientist chemistphysicistbiologist artistviolinistpianistnovelist,dentist journalist receptionist ty
3、pist tourist buddhist socialist communist,marxist terrorist sociologist,architect 建筑师naturalist 博物学家，自然主义者zoologist 动物学家botanist 植物学家agronomist 农艺学家 ornithologist 鸟类学家entomologist 昆虫学家ecologist 生态学者,archaeology,biology 生物学 technology 技术 ecology 生态学 geology 地质学 psychology 心理学 Sociology 社会学,archaeolog
4、ist,Arch:t拱形，拱门 Archaic: :kek古代的，古老的 Archetype：:kitap典型，原型,explore,They spent many years _for oil in this small island. A. exploring B. exploding C. exposing D. exploiting Explore v.考察，勘探 The archaeologists are exploring the cave. exploration n.探险 / explorer n.探险家 专家们正在勘探这个岛的各个部分。 The experts are ex
5、ploring every part of the island.,promontory n海角,promontory: a high narrow piece of land that goes out into the sea The Cape of good hope Taiwan strait English Channel,promontory,The Cape of good hope,prosperous adj. （经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的 Our finance is prosperous. 我们的经济非常的繁荣。（Finance n.财政, 金融） thriving adj.
6、昌盛的，兴旺的 - thriving business booming adj.蓬勃的，景气的 - a booming market繁荣的市场 flourishing adj.繁茂的，健康的 - Those plants are flourishing. 那些植物长得茂盛。,繁荣昌盛： Thriving and prosperous 繁荣富强 Prosperous and strong/powerful,Civilization:,Civil-civilize-civilizationcivil domestic civil right domestic market civil law do
7、mestic violence civil servant domestic animal Be civil to :对。有礼貌 Many a rough man has been civilized by his wife. civilian n.平民,drainage,Draining system=drainage system drain=ditch下水道 drain: 排干，耗尽 （to draw off; gradually disappearance of） Hope and energy drain away over the years.Years may wrinkle t
8、he skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust.岁月流逝只令容颜苍老,激情不再却使心灵枯萎。 岁月悠悠，衰微只及肌肤；热忱抛却，颓废必致灵魂。忧烦、惶恐、自卑，使人心灵扭曲，心灰意冷。,Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, fear, self-distrust b
9、ows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust.,worship,Warship :军舰，战舰 Worship: 祭祀,崇拜,敬慕 admire,respect Who do you worship in the world? Pray : ask God for help hero worship / worship of the money,Worship is in Sunday at 11 a.m.做礼拜 His admirers worshipped at his feet.,Sacred holy blessed,Sacred : s
10、acred music 圣乐sacred promise 神圣的诺言 Holy adj. 神圣的, 圣洁的 - a holy person. 圣洁的人 / - a holy place. 神圣的地方 Blessed: adj. 有福的; 神圣的; 无忧无虑的; The Blessed Virgin: the Virgin Mary, mother of Christ Solemn slm adj. 庄严的, 庄重的 - a solemn face 严肃的面孔 / - a solemn ceremony 隆重的仪式,fragment,Fraction: 小部分；片断；分数 In a fracti
11、on of a second 一转眼的工夫 Fracture：v. 折断；破碎 in a world of fractured cultures 多元社会 Friction: 摩擦力，冲突，不和 The friction between two countries increased. Fiction：小说,Remains,Remains n.遗物，遗迹，废墟 我们参观了寺庙遗迹。 We visited the remains of the temple.He ate the remains of the dishes hungrily.,classical,Classical adj.（希腊
12、和罗马）古文化的（即传统的）；文科的, 人文科学的 - classical music 古典音乐 / classical education 人文科学教育 Classic adj. 第一流的, 标准的, 著名的, 典型的 This is the classic example of love at the first sight.Classic n.杰作, 经典之作 - That jokes a classic; it really is funny. “,reconstruct,Reconstruct v.修复 （Re -重新, 再次） Construct vt.构造, 建造, 组织（通过装
13、配或组合部件而构成） - construct a sentence / construct a broken statue - build a house 造建筑物 construction n.建设, 建造 constructive adj.有教育意义的 constructor n.建造者, 建设者,erect vt.盖, 使竖立, 使直立（build high buildings） - erect a monument 建造纪念碑 / erect a clock tower setup / establish / found 建立setup students union 学生会 estab
14、lish a school / establish a rule 设立一条规则found a country 建立一个国家,rest,Rest v.倚放, 放置 把手放在椅子上 rest his arm on the chair R.I.P 息止安所（拉丁语：Requiescat in pace）是一种简短的墓志铭，或是希望逝者永享安宁的短句。此语的英文缩写是“R.I.P.”，通常以全称“Rest in peace”或缩写的形式刻在墓碑上，作为碑铭的一部分。“R.I.P.”一般见于天主教墓园，因为这句短语源于天主教会葬礼在开始和结束时所颂读的的拉丁语祷告词。,hip,Hip n.屁股, 臀部
15、Hip n. 口在服用兴奋剂、宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人；消息灵通人士； adj.通晓的，见闻广的 - Mary is a real hip. 玛丽是个爱赶时髦的人。 - The guy isnt a hip. 这家伙什么都不懂。 Join at the hip 表示交情极厚的 - These two are joined at the hip. shoot from the hip 信口开河 - Sorry, I said that I shouldnt have shot from the hip.,hiphugger,full-length,full-length adj.（裙衣）拖地长的,
16、 全长的, 全身的 - a full-length dress 拽地长裙 full-grown adj.生长完全的, 发育完全的 full time n.专职, 全部时间,graceful,graceful adj.优雅的 - a graceful lady elegant adj.优雅的（举止） - an elegant gentleman. 举止文雅的绅士 Gracious: courteous adj. 有礼貌的；谦恭的；殷勤的；客气 polite and respectful,identity,identity n. 身份 Identify v. Identification n. I
17、D card Identity card Identification card,Text 课文,1.Some time ago, an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. Some time 1经过若干时间 2在未来的某时 sometime adv.在某一时候, 曾经, 有一天 sometimes adv.不时, 有时 Some times 有几次/ 中文习惯用主动语态。 英文习惯用被动语态。以事件、结果、影响、效果为主语，强调对客观事实的陈述。,发现 make a dis
18、covery on/ about/ in/ of 我觉得我有一个天大的发现。 I felt Id made an incredible discovery.,2.An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini. which引导定语从句，修饰限定temple。（which = that） stand(不及物) = lie(不及物) 位于 = situate(及物) 使位于, 使处于 = locate(及物) 使.坐落于, 位于 which stan
19、ds in. = which lies in = which is located in = which is situated in. Stand 1 身高 2表示高高坐落于, 矗立于 - She stands 1.75m. 她身高1.75米 - A great tree stands on the mount. 一棵大树竖立在山上。,3.The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. for 引导原因状语从句：对主句的附加说明和解释，提供更多的信息。 b
20、ecause 引导原因状语从句：强调原因。 - The day broke for the birds were singing. at one time 表达曾经, 一度（过去时态的标志, = once） must have been 对过去事实肯定的推测 enjoyed a high level of civilization 享有高度文明,at one time 一度，曾经 我们一度每天见面。 at one time we met every day. at a time 一次 每次不要问太多问题。 Dont ask so many questions at a time.,4.Hous
21、es -often three stores high-were built of stone. They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls. With 具有 - a young man with broad shoulders / an old lady with black hair beautifully decorated 过去分词做定语 - a beautifully dressed lady 衣着漂亮的女士 - a deserted car park 废弃的停车场 - a white painted door 被刷成白
22、色的门 现在分词做定语, 被修饰词与修饰词之间为逻辑主动关系 - a boy climbing the tree 正在爬树的男孩 - the students reading in the room 正在房间里读书的学生,5.The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets. be equipped with 配备, 装备 （equip vt.装备, 配备） 这部车装了空调。 - The car was equipped
23、with air conditioning. for 引导原因状语从句 在正下方：Beneath = under - beneath the narrow streets = under the narrow streets - He is standing under/beneath the umbrella.,在进行中：只能用under - under control 控制之中 / under discussion 讨论之中 / under repairs修理之中 below 在下方（强调在斜下方） - She is sitting below the window,6.The templ
24、e which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times. be used as / be used to be 把用作为 The box was used as a desk in the small village school. - The wooden box was used as a bookcase. be used to do 被用来做 - The wooden box is used to contai
25、n books,认为是 consider. as. 描述为 describe .as. 视为 recognized .as. 认为 regard .as. 看作 see . as 对待。 treat . as.,7.In the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found.Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted. represent vt.代表 - I represent all the cl
26、assmates. 就在街道拐角处走着一高大的警察。 Rounded the corner walked a large policeman.,8. The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C.dating 现在分词, 修饰remains date from = date back to （开始于, 起始于）the custom dating from 1990. （custom n.习惯, 风俗）传统始于他祖父年轻时。 The tradition dates from
27、 the time when his grandfather was young.城堡建造于14世纪 - The castle dates from the 14th century. = The castle dates back to the 14th century.,9.Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C. happen to 偶然, 碰巧（强调事情的偶然发生） 我恰巧开过那种车。 - I happen to have driven that kind of car. 他碰巧在裤袋
28、里找到了车票。 - He happened to find the ticket in his pocket. It happens that +从句 我碰巧在上班路上碰到她。 - It happened that I met her on my way to work. = I happened to meet her on my way to work.,happen on 碰巧碰上，偶然发现 I happened on this old picture in the back of the drawer.我偶然的在抽屉的背面发现了这张旧照片。Guess, who did I happen
29、 on while I was in London last month?,10.This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved. It was very old and precious even then.,11.When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman.R
30、econstruct = put together, piece together, restore（vt.恢复, 使回复）Amazed = very much surprised surprised astonished amazed astounded 感到惊讶（语气递增）to find. / to discover. / to realize. / to see - Im not surprised to see you here.,1 turn out（表示结果）结果是, 原来是 （= prove, 都表示系动词） turn out (to be)+ n./adj. - The con
31、cert turned out to be a failure. 我们的聚会非常的成功。 - Our party turned out (to be) a success.,2 It turned out + that从句 （it作形式主语） It turned out +其它名词从句原来钻石一直都在银行里保存着。 It turned out that the diamonds had been in the bank all the time.原来他的话是假的。 It turned out that his statement was false.,She turned out beauti
32、ful. She turned out a beauty. She turned out to be beautiful. It turned out that she was beautiful.,12.She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips. rest on v.被搁在, 停留在, 信赖 = depend on（依靠, 依赖）/ lean on（靠着） - His hand rested lightly on my shoulder.,13.She was wearing a full-length skirt
33、which swept the ground.which swept the ground 近一步说明拖地的，拽地的,14.Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity. But, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity. = It is still a problem for the archaeologists up to now. Despite = in spite of （两者都是介词），后面+ 名词/动名词 so far, up to now 完成时的标志 discover her identity = find out her identity,
