1、1六级翻译中国传统文化词汇盘点1.中国意念词(Chinesenesses)八卦 trigram阴、阳 yin, yang道 Dao(cf. logo)江湖(世界) the jianghu World (the traits world)e.g. You cant control everything in a traits world. (人在江湖，身不由己)道 Daoism(Taoism)上火 excessive internal heat儒学 Confucianism红学(红楼梦研究) redology世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia开放 kaifang (Chines
2、e openness to the outside world)大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on 合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service ch
3、arge铁交椅 iron (lifetime) posts; guaranteed leading post脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline2. 中华民族的喜庆节日(Chinese Festivial)国庆节 National Day中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day/Festival春节 Spring Festival元宵节 Lantern Festival儿童节 Childrens Day端午节 Dragon Boat Festival妇女
4、节 Womens Day泼水节 Water-Splashing Day教师节 Teachers Day五四青年节 Youth Day3. 中国独特的传统饮食(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)馄饨 wonton锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)花卷 steamed twisted rolls套餐 set meal盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away米豆腐 rice tofu魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu米粉 rice noodles冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,
5、etc.)火锅 chafing dish八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding2粉丝 glass noodles豆腐脑 jellied bean curd4. 特有的一些汉语词汇禅宗 Zen Buddhism禅 dhyana; dhgaya混沌 chaos道 Daosim, the way and its power四谛 Four Noble Truth八正道 Eightfold Path无常 anity五行说 Theory of Five Elements无我 anatman坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation空 sunyata虚
6、无 nothingness双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英 )小品 witty skits相声 cross-talk噱头;掉包袱 gimmick, stunt夜猫子 night people; night-owls本命年 this animal year of sb.处世之道 philosophy of life姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage)还愿 redeem a wish (vows)5. 特有的一些汉语词汇禅宗 Zen Buddhism禅 dhyana; dhgaya混沌 chao
7、s道 Daosim, the way and its power四谛 Four Noble Truth八正道 Eightfold Path无常 anity五行说 Theory of Five Elements无我 anatman坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation空 sunyata虚无 nothingness双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英 )小品 witty skits相声 cross-talk噱头;掉包袱 gimmick, stunt夜猫子 night people; night-owl
8、s本命年 this animal year of sb.处世之道 philosophy of life3姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage)还愿 redeem a wish (vows)6. 具有文化特色的现代表述大陆中国 Mainland China红宝书 little red book红色中国 socialist China四化 Four Modernizations终生职业 job-for-life铁饭碗 iron rice bowl大锅饭 communal pot关系户 closely-related units外出打工人员 migrant wor
9、kers关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德 )： the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals四美(心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美 )： the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment7. 中国古代独特事物(Unique Ancient Chinese Items
10、)宣纸 rice paper衙门 yamen叩头 kowtow孔子 Confucius牌楼 pailou;pai-loo武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)功夫 kungfu ;kung fu中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)中和 harmony (zhonghe)孝顺 to show filial obedience孝子 dutiful son家长 family head三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides s
11、on husband guides wife五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity八股文 eight-legged essays多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness养儿防老：raising sons to support one in ones old age8. 见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译基层监督 grass-roots supe
12、rvision基础税率 base tariff level婚介所 matrimonial agency婚外恋 extramarital love婚纱摄影 bride photo黑心棉 shoddy cotton4机器阅卷 machine scoring即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development价格听证会 public price hearings甲 A 球队 Division A Soccer Team家政服务 household management service加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion假帐 accounting fraud叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel矫情 use lame arguments渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence借调 temporarily transfer扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.扩大内需，刺激消费 expand domestic demand and consumption
