1、1必修 5 Unit 14 课下作业（一三）课下作业（一） 考点过关针对练.单词拼写1The big fire panicked (使恐慌) people into running out of the building.2The baby has reached the stage (阶段) where he can stand up.3To tell you the truth, I envy (羡慕) you having such a close family.4Its illegal (不合法的) to read peoples private letters without per
2、mission.5To work out the difficult maths problem, I have consulted (咨询) Professor Russell several times.6Since well cycle there and work in the field, youd better wear casual (非正式的) clothes and comfortable (舒适的) shoes.7Due to the strict traffic regulations on drunken driving, the number of accidents
3、 from it has greatly decreased (减少)8They will live longer, work smarter and even have a greater understanding of nature and the universe (宇宙)9Looking back, I know the greatest difficulty on our way to success is our fear; overcome (克服，战胜) it, and we will be able to achieve our goals.10The bus is des
4、igned to operate (运转) in all weather conditions.11The ABC bank has many branches (分行) all over the country.12Try to grasp (理解) what the writer is going to tell you in the book as a whole.单句语法填空1Please do not hesitate to_contact (contact) me if you have any questions.2Before we can accept the firms o
5、ffer we must consult with the workers.3They rewarded the winners with gifts of fruits and flowers when the match ended.4In this kind of highpressure situation, many leaders bother their assistants with/about frequent meetings.5In response (respond) to complaints, the company reviewed its safety proc
6、edures.6He earned D|S9.05 an hour in charge of getting carts out of the parking lot.7We have no idea when the housing prices decrease to the level we can 2afford.8In the good care of the nurses, the boy is gradually recovering from his heart operation (operate)9In addition, he got his position promo
7、ted and wage increased. All these showed that the efforts he had made paid off.10John made up a funny joke to amuse his younger brother.单句改错1It is not I but Tom that are to blame for the car accident. areis2The small child begged not to be operated, but the doctor persuaded him to obey._operated 后加
8、on3The housing price is hoped to decrease to 10% this year. 第二个toby4The hospital is in charge of me when he is away. in后加 the5As reward for being admitted to college, many students got mobile phones as presents. _ As_后加a6Please dont hesitate to tell me in case of you need something. 去掉 of7The instan
9、tly I saw him at the airport, I recognized him at once. instantlyinstant8Small sailboats can easily turn on in the water if they are not managed carefully.onover9Frank has been punished by his parents due on his carelessness in the exam. onto10Mother set the pace so that her children would keep up i
10、n her. inwith.翻译句子31我紧紧抓住了绳子，以防我会摔下去。(in case)I_held_the_rope_tightly_in_case_I_might_fall_off.2使汤姆烦恼的是，他不能找到一份他真正喜欢的工作。(It bothers sb. that)It_bothers_Tom_that_he_cant_find_a_job_that_he_really_likes.3应观众的强烈要求，这部戏每周将会在这个剧院上演两次。(response)In_response_to_the_audiences_great_demand,_the_play_will_be_pu
11、t_on_in_the_theatre_twice_a_week.4我被委派来负责安排那天的所有活动。(appoint, take charge of)I_was_appointed_to_take_charge_of_arranging_all_the_activities_on_that_day.5我们必须尽快实施计划。(bring . into operation)We_must_bring_the_plan_into_operation_as_soon_as_possible.6上个学期在期中考试中得了低分后，我下定决心要相信自己，并努力做出改变。(make up ones mind,
12、 believe in)Last_term,_after_getting_a_low_score_in_the_midterm_exam,_I_made_up_my_mind_to_believe_in_myself,_and_I_tried_to_change.7只要你离他们远一点，你就会安全。(as long as)As_long_as_you_can_keep_them_away,_youre_safe.8我发现理解美国之音慢速英语节目并不难。(findit adj.to do sth.)I_dont_find_it_difficult_to_understand_the_VOA_Spe
13、cial_English_program.课下作业（二） 话题阅读培优练.根据提示填空A job is vital for a man in the modern and competitive society. But what are the factors to be successful?Passion. Passion cannot be ignored. When asked what contributes to their success, successful professionals (专业人员) will likely answer that they love wha
14、t they do. Eric Stutzke, executive vice president of Finance an upgrade is valid on inland and pool view rooms. A free upgrade to the next room category depends on availability and can be withdrawn at any time. The offer is valid on new bookings made between June 22 and July 1 with travel dates with
15、in July 1 to October 31 (staying for a minimum of 5 nights)语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了圣安东尼奥温泉酒店的住宿、设施及餐饮等情况。1What is the most typical feature of the hotel?ATraditional. BKidcentered.CWellequipped. DThedisabledaccessible.解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，这个重新装修过的酒店提供很多现代设施、娱乐项目，并且在附近的海滩具有特许经营权。从下文对其住宿及设施情况的描述也可知，设施齐全是这家
16、酒店的最大特点。2What do we know about the hotel?6AIts two pools are for adults only.BIts minibar is not always in business.CMineral water is served during three meals.DCustomers cannot make coffee by themselves there.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据 Facilities 的介绍中的“Shops, restaurants and bars (the minibar only opens on re
17、quest)”可知，迷你吧经 (顾客)要求才开放，不是一直开放，故 B 项正确。3Who may get a free upgraded room?AOne who books before June 22.BOne who books a double room.COne who books between June 22 and July 1 and stays from October 20 to 30.DOne who will stay between July 1 and 3.解析：选 C 推理判断题。通过文章最后一句可知，在 6 月 22 日至 7 月 1 日期间预订且在 7 月
18、 1 日至 10 月 31 日之间连续在酒店住至少 5 天的顾客可以免费获得一间升级房，故 C 项正确。BAbsent employees cost you money for sure, but what about sick employees that come to work? Move over absenteeism.It seems “presenteeism” has become a far worse workplace problem in terms of causing loss, that is, loss of employee productivity and
19、loss of employer dollars.By the way, presenteeism could mean the practice of workers working when ill and not operating on their usual level of productivity.The total cost of inefficiency of US employers has been increasing, ranging from about $150 to $250 billion annually, while cost of presenteeis
20、m makes up 60 percent of the total cost.Dualearner (双职工) families now account for about 2/3 of all married couples, up from 1/3 in the 1970s.Without a stayathome parent taking care of a sick child, more workers will go to work when ill in order to save their limited sick days (付薪病休日) for when their
21、children are sick.In todays workplaces, some workers go to work when sick also because they fear the following: appearing less hardworking, receiving disciplinary action (纪律处分), or even losing their jobs.A day or more off can also mean coming back with more work loads or missing work deadlines.Accor
22、ding to the 2004 CCH Survey, disciplinary action remained the most commonly used absence control program.Employers want their employees to be on 7the job and use as few sick days as possible, but CCH says employers that rely on disciplinary action are unknowingly encouraging presenteeism.Employers n
23、eed to check and make sure that absence control programs are not counterproductive (达不到预期目标的)Programs such as disciplinary action may in fact force sick employees to work, and this could encourage presenteeism.Besides, set up and communicate policies.Help employees understand under what conditions t
24、hey should stay home, and when its OK to return to work.Employees need to know where their company stands on coming to work in sick, and how doing so can affect others.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。假性出勤presenteeism 是近年来出现的一个新名词，它有很多意思，其中一个是指员工在生病时还继续上班的行为。有研究表明，假性出勤对企业造成的损失比起旷工还要严重。4What does the first paragraph ma
25、inly say about presenteeism?AThe true meaning of it.BThe huge loss caused by it.CIts difference from absenteeism.DIts connection with low productivity.解析：选 B 推理判断题。综合分析第一段可知，本段着重介绍 presenteeism (假性出勤) 这一现象对企业造成的严重损失。5Why do more working parents prefer to work when ill?ATo have time to care for sick
26、kids.BTo enjoy more family time later.CTo earn more money for the family.DTo live up to employers expectations.解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，随着双职工家庭的增加，家长无法有一方在家照顾生病的孩子，因此更多的人生病也要上班，为的是把付薪病休日留出来，以备孩子生病时有人照顾。6What is the authors attitude to absence control programs?ANegative. BPositive.CCautious. DConfused
27、.解析：选 C 观点态度题。分析倒数第二段可知，目前纪律处分是控制缺勤最常用的办法，但研究表明它也会鼓励 presenteeism (假性出勤 )的发生，雇主应该确保控制缺勤的计划不会有消极的影响。由此可知，作者对于这些计划持谨慎态度。7Which of the following suggestions will the author give employers?8AOffer longer paid sick leave.BTurn away those breaking the rules.CCreate a more relaxed atmosphere.DTeach employe
28、es the related principles.解析：选 D 细节理解题。综合分析最后一段可知，作者建议雇主建立并推广公司的相关政策，帮助员工们理解什么情况下应该待在家里，什么时候可以回来工作。也就是使他们明白公司的相关原则。.完形填空(2019湖北八校联考)When I first came to Rochester from Austin, Texas a place where fall is practically nonexistent I was excited for a real northern fall. But, I wasnt _1_ it to feel like
29、 Christmas in October.Regardless of this _2_， and the adjustment period that Im not entirely sure Im _3_， I am thankful to be somewhere that has a _4_ fall. By “real” I _5_ a distinctive season, a(n) _6_ in the weather and a visual changing of the world around me. The leaves _7_ colors, it rains mor
30、e often, the air is almost always _8_ and dry, and a light breeze _9_ me to walk a bit faster to get inside. Yes, it is more difficult to be _10_ outside in a Rochester fall where it is not just “less hot” but _11_， fairly cold. But, I would argue that time spent outside in this season could be more
31、 _12_ than in the summer.Everyone _13_ that fall is about change I wont argue against that. Things do _14_ in the fall the weather is _15_ becoming worse and worse, the dying leaves become warmly colored, and _16_ you know it, well be back to having only eight hours of sunlight a day.This oncoming c
32、hange is why I think it is so important to _17_ fall. Fall is not just about the _18_ of change, but also appreciating what will soon be _19_. Go _20_ this fall. Enjoy the leaves not because they are turning beautiful deep shades of orange and red, but because there will soon be no leaves in those b
33、ranches at all.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。 “我”从没有秋天的奥斯丁来到了罗切斯特市，为能在这里经历真正的秋天而兴奋不已。在秋天，天气逐渐变得寒冷，枯叶凋零，日照时间逐渐变短。一切都在变化着，去户外欣赏秋天是明智的选择。1A.interested in Bexposed toCashamed of Dprepared for 9解析：选 D “我”从没有秋天的奥斯丁来到了罗切斯特市。 “我”为能经历真正的北方的秋天而兴奋不已。但是，这里的十月却如十二月的圣诞节时那样寒冷， “我”却没有准备好。be prepared for 意为 “为做好准备” ，符合语境。be inter
34、ested in 意为“对感兴趣” ；be exposed to 意为“暴露于” ；be ashamed of 意为“为感到羞愧” 。2A.accident BpossibilityCshock Dmotivation解析：选 C 根据上文中的“But, I wasnt _ it to feel like”可知，此处指不管这种震惊。shock 意为“震惊” ，符合语境。accident 意为“事故” ；possibility意为“可能性” ；motivation 意为“动机” 。3A.beyond BagainstCfor Dafter解析：选 A 根据该句中的“the adjustment
35、period that Im not entirely sure” ，并结合第一段所描述的“我”对这里的气温如圣诞节时那样寒冷感到不知所措的情况可以判断， “我”不能完全确信自己能跨越这个调整期。beyond 意为“超过，越过” ，符合语境。against 意为“反对，违背” ；for 意为“为了” ；after 意为“在之后” 。4A.rare BrealChard Dstrange解析：选 B 根据后一句中的“By real”可知， “我”为此处有真正的秋天而感到欣慰。real 意为“真正的” ，符合语境。rare 意为“罕见的，稀有的” ；hard 意为“艰难的” ；strange 意为
36、“奇怪的” 。5A.take in Bpick upCcall back Drefer to解析：选 D 通过说“真正的” ， “我”指的是一个差别性明显的季节天气的转变和周围世界的视觉改变。refer to 意为“提到，说起” ，符合语境。take in 意为“吸收，欺骗”；pick up 意为“捡起，偶然学会” ；call back 意为“回电话” 。6A.shift BconclusionCimprovement Dexperience解析：选 A 参见上题解析。shift 意为“转变” ，符合语境。conclusion 意为“结论”；improvement 意为“提高” ；experi
37、ence 意为“经历，经验” 。7A.spoil BkeepCturn Davoid解析：选 C 此处描述了秋天的情景：树叶变了颜色，经常下雨，空气几乎总是又冷又干燥。turn 意为“改变，变成” ，符合语境。spoil 意为“损坏，宠坏，变坏，腐败” ；10keep 意为“保持” ；avoid 意为“避免” 。8A.cold BwarmChot Dcozy解析：选 A 参见上题解析。cold 意为“冷的” ，符合语境。warm 意为“温暖的” ；hot 意为“炎热的” ；cozy 意为“温暖舒适的” 。9A.prevents BexpectsCurges Dsuspects解析：选 C 刮来
38、的阵阵微风催促“我”快点进入室内。urge 意为“敦促，促使” ，符合语境。prevent 意为“阻止” ；expect 意为“期望，盼望” ；suspect 意为“怀疑，猜想” 。10A.grateful BcreativeCconsiderate Dcomfortable解析：选 D 在罗切斯特市，秋天相当冷，在户外很难让人感觉舒适。comfortable 意为“舒适的” ，符合语境。grateful 意为“感谢的” ；creative 意为“有创造力的” ；considerate 意为“考虑周到的” 。11A.luckily BactuallyChelpfully Dinstantly解
39、析：选 B 这里不是“不炎热” ，而实际上是相当冷。actually 意为“事实上，实际上” ，符合语境。luckily 意为“幸运地” ；helpfully 意为“有帮助地” ；instantly 意为“立刻，马上” 。12A.terrible BcasualCunpleasant Dvaluable解析：选 D 根据语境可知，即便如此， “我”还是认为在这个季节去户外度过的时光可能要比夏季的更有价值。valuable 意为“有价值的，珍贵的” ，符合语境。terrible 意为“可怕的” ；casual 意为“随便的” ；unpleasant 意为“使人不愉快的” 。13A.questio
40、ns BemphasizesCrecalls Danalyzes解析：选 B 人人都重视秋季的变化， “我”不反对这一点。emphasize 意为“重视，强调” ，符合语境。question 意为“疑问” ；recall 意为“回想” ；analyze 意为“分析” 。14A.relax BchangeCharvest Drest解析：选 B 根据该句中的“the weather is _ becoming worse and worse, the dying leaves become warmly colored”可知，天气逐渐变得越来越寒冷，枯叶变成了暖色调；据此可以判断，在秋天，事物确
41、实发生了变化。change 意为“变化” ，符合语11境。relax 意为“放松” ；harvest 意为“收获” ；rest 意为“休息” 。15A.steadily BhardlyCaccordingly Dnarrowly解析：选 A 参见上题解析。steadily 意为“稳定地，逐渐地” ，符合语境。hardly意为“几乎不” ；accordingly 意为“相应地” ；narrowly 意为“狭窄地，勉强地” 。16A.if BsinceCas Dbefore解析：选 D 不知不觉中，一天就只有 8 个小时的阳光了。before you know it 意为“在你知道之前” ，表示“
42、不知不觉中” 。17A.control BdescribeCappreciate Dhide解析：选 C 根据上文描述的对秋天感到兴奋和后一句中的“appreciating”可以判断，这个即将到来的变化就是为什么“我”认为欣赏秋天很重要。appreciate 意为“欣赏”，符合语境。control 意为“控制” ；describe 意为“描述” ；hide 意为“隐藏” 。18A.process BdisadvantageCfear Dresult解析：选 A 秋天不仅仅是关于变化的过程，我们还要去欣赏那些即将逝去的(事物)。process 意为“过程” ，符合语境。disadvantage
43、意为“缺点，不利” ；fear 意为“害怕，担心” ；result 意为“结果” 。19A.disappointing BpuzzlingCgone Dbroken解析：选 C 参见上题解析。gone 意为“离开的” ，符合语境。disappointing 意为“令人失望的” ；puzzling 意为“令人迷惑的” ；broken 意为“破碎的” 。20A.inside BforwardCbackward Doutside解析：选 D 根据最后一句可知，赏叶不是因为它们正变成美丽的深橙色和红色，而是因为很快那些树枝上将没有树叶了。所以该句是在鼓励人们在这个秋天去户外。outside意为“在户外
44、” ；inside 意为“在里面” ；forward 意为“向前” ；backward 意为“向后” 。.语法填空Each year, thousands of people come to Shaanxi, China, to visit the Terracotta Army, which shows the armies of Qin Shi Huang, _1_ countrys first emperor.As one of the most famous tourist sights in the world, the Terracotta Army is a form of fu
45、nerary (葬礼的) art _2_ (bury) with the First Emperor in 210 12to 209 BC. It was designed _3_ (protect) the emperor in his afterlife.Since their _4_ (discover), experts have questioned whether the lifesize models of soldiers _5_ (base) on real warriors (勇士) or whether they came off a production line.In
46、 October a BBC documentary (纪录片), The Greatest Tomb on Earth: Secrets of Ancient China, suggested the inspiration for the Terracotta Warriors may have come _6_ Ancient Greece, about _7_ archaeologist Li Xiuzhen said, “We now have evidence that close contact did exist between the First Emperors China
47、 and the West.”On the 41st International Museum Day, it was _8_ (official) announced that new technology has just made _9_ possible for visitors to be guided. Thanks to an interactive (交互式的) 360degree video, visitors can choose to view the _10_ (figure) either in closeup or from a distance.语篇解读：本文是一
48、篇说明文，主要介绍了秦始皇兵马俑的有关内容。1the 考查冠词。那展示了中国第一位皇帝秦始皇的军队。此处为特指，故用the。2buried 考查非谓语动词。兵马俑是一种葬礼的艺术形式，与中国的第一位皇帝一同被埋葬。此处动词 bury 与逻辑主语 the Terracotta Army 之间为动宾关系，且与主句谓语动词之间没有连词，故用过去分词 buried。3to protect 考查固定用法。be designed to do sth.“被设计来做某事”为固定用法。4discovery 考查词性转换。根据空前的“their”可知，此处应用名词表示“发现”，故填 discovery。5were based 考查固定搭配。be based on . “以为根据/基础”为固定搭配。6from 考查介词。建造兵马俑的灵感可能来自古希腊。come from .意为“来自” 。7which 考查定语从句。根据语境和句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前面主句的内容，且在定语从句中位于介词“about”后作宾语，故填 which。8officially 考查词性转换。修饰动词“announ
