1、1Unit 19 Language写作句型锤炼主体段落常用句型锤炼：疑问词-ever 引导的从句先熟读背诵精彩句型烂熟于心1.Whatever she says will not make any difference to our arrangements.无论她说什么都不会对我们的安排有影响。(2015湖北卷完成句子)2.Whenever/No matter when Im unhappy, it is my friends who cheer me up.不管什么时候我不高兴了，总是我的朋友们让我振作起来。3.Only when we match our words with actio
2、ns can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.只有我们言行一致才能对我们希望完成的事情有所贡献。4.Whichever/No matter which road you take, it will lead you to the station.无论你走哪一条路都会到车站。5.Whoever/No matter who I will become in the future, I will never forget you.不论将来我成为谁，永远也不会忘记你。后临摹仿写妙语佳句信手拈来1.她每次来都带个朋友。When
3、ever/No_matter_when_she_comes，she_brings_a_friend.2.没有人能说服他做他不喜欢做的事。Nobody_can_persuade_him_to_do_whatever_he_dislikes.3.无论是谁违反法律都要受到惩罚。Whoever_breaks_the_law_should_be_punished.2会书写一、核心单词1.guarantee vt. 保证2.trend n. 趋势；倾向3.attain vt. 达到；获得4.ensure vt. 确保，保证5.enlarge vt. 扩大6.resemble vt. 像；与相似7.purc
4、hase vt. 购买8.sincerely adv. 真诚地9.decade n. 十年二、阅读单词1.accelerate vi.& vt. 加速2.merely adv. 只；仅仅3.punctuation n. 标点符号4.constitution n. 宪法5.liberty n. 自由6.curriculum n. (学校的)课程7.adequate adj. 足够的，充分的8.medium n. 媒介物；渠道9.brochure n. 小册子10.explicit adj. 明确的；清楚的11.transparent adj. 清晰易辨的；透明的12.certificate n.
5、 证书；证明petence n. 能力14.diploma n. 毕业证书15.candidate n. 候选人16.regulation n. 规则317.amateur adj. 业余的18.ambiguous adj. 模棱两可的三、拓展单词1.unconscious adj.无意识的；不知不觉的conscious adj.意识到的；故意的2.fluency n.流利度，流畅度fluent adj.流利的，流畅的fluently adv.流利地3.accuracy n.精确度，准确度accurate adj.精确的，准确的accurately adv.精确地4.absence n.不存在
6、；缺乏；缺席absent adj.缺席的，不在场的5.acquisition n.(语言)习得acquire v.获取，得到6.surround vt.环绕，围绕surrounding adj.周围的surroundings n.环境7.adjust vt.调节；调整adjustment n.调节；调整8.congratulate vt.祝贺congratulation n.祝贺9.negotiate vt.谈判；协商negotiation n.谈判；协商10.offence n.冒犯；得罪offend v.冒犯11.approval n.赞成；赞许；批准approve vt.赞成12.app
7、licant n.申请人apply vi.申请application n.申请书13.embarrass vt.使窘迫embarrassing adj.令人难堪的，令人窘迫的embarrassed adj.窘迫的embarrassment n.窘迫，难堪14.inform vt.告知；通知information n.信息会积累1.如何“保证”？ensure v. 确定，确保assure v. 保证guarantee v.& n. 保证make sure 确保2.att-开头单词集锦attain vt. 达到；获得 attend v. 出席；上(学)attitude n. 态度attract v
8、t. 吸引 4attach vt. 使依附；贴上 attention n. 注意力attack v.& n. 攻击；抨击 attempt v.& n. 企图，试图3.“前缀 en-adj./n.”构成的动词richenrich 使充实ableenable 使能够largeenlarge 使扩大sureensure 确保；担保dangerendanger 使遭遇危险titleentitle 给起题目/命名4.与“购物”相关的名词一览purchase 购买customer 顾客consumer 消费者discount 折扣bargain 便宜货cashier 出纳员refund 退款5.由 sur
9、roundings想到的savings n. 积蓄earnings n. 工资belongings n. 所有物findings n. 调查结果greetings n. 问候的话会应用 用所给词的适当形式填空1.After discussing it with my teacher，I made a few adjustments (adjust) to my 5original design.2.Because it was his first offence (offend)，the punishment wasnt too severe.3.While working out the p
10、roblem，you should pay more attention to the accuracy.You must measure the length accurately in order to get the accurate number.(accurate)4.He was absent from the meeting and his absence made the problem more difficult.(absence)5.The question really embarrassed him.In other words，the embarrassing qu
11、estion made him embarrassed.(embarrass)6.The teacher advised me to improve the fluency of my spoken English，because I couldnt speak English fluently.(fluency)7.He received many congratulation e-mails from his friends who congratulated him on his winning the first prize in the speech contest.(congrat
12、ulate)8.The manager required that he should be informed of any useful information.(inform)9.Thanks to your approval，if you didnt approve of my plan，I would be fired by the employer.(approve)10.Many people have applied for the job.The applicants must hand in their applications by Friday.(apply).核心短语识
13、记联想运用会书写1.get_ahead 取得成功；获得进步2.rely_on 依靠；依赖3.keep_in_mind 记住4.stand_out 出色；突出5.take_the_form_of 以的形式出现(存在)6.adjust.to. 调整以适应7.inform_sb_of_sth 通知某人某事8.consist_of 由组成，构成9.regardless of 不管；不顾610.on the other hand 另一方面11.I bet 我肯定12.catch on 学会；受欢迎13.for ages 很久，很长时间14.congratulate sb on sth 就某事向某人祝贺1
14、5.on purpose 故意地16.more than 不仅仅；超过会积累1.类似“inform sb of sth”的短语remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事rob sb of sth 抢劫某人某物accuse sb of sth 控告某人某事suspect sb of sth 怀疑某人某事warn sb of sth 警告某人某事2.盘点“组成”短语consist of 由组成make up 组成；化妆be made up of 由所组成be composed of 由所组成3.“故意地”相关词汇知多少purposely adv. 故意地，蓄意地deliberately adv
15、. 审慎地；故意地intentionally adv. 故意地，有意地by design 故意地，有意地on purpose 有目的地，有意地会应用 选用上表左栏短语填空1.The most important thing to keep_in_mind when dealing with an emergency is to stay calm.2.Regardless_of whether he is right or wrong，we have to follow his decisions.3.The football team，consisting_of 22 players and
16、 three coaches，was set up 7about 3 years ago.4.Nowadays parents have done everything for their single children，which makes the children rely_on their parents badly.5.Do you inform them of the progress of the work?6.The new fashion has caught_on with young people after coming onto the market.7.Her br
17、ight clothes always make her stand_out in a crowd.8.Getting_ahead at work is the most important thing to me at the moment.经典句式分析背诵仿写句型公式 1：动名词作主语教材原句 However，learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.然而，作为一门外语，在缺少母语环境的情况下，学英语是很困难的。句型仿写 A
18、s is known to us all，riding_a_bike can make a man smart.众所周知，骑单车能使一个人敏捷。句型公式 2：It was predicted that.“据预测。 ”教材原句 It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.早在 18世纪人们就预测，有一天英语将成为全球性语言，并且在过去的几十年中它已
19、得到了证明。句型仿写 It_is_predicted_that by the end of the 21st century，half of these plant and animal species will be gone.预计到 21世纪末，一半的这些动植物物种将会消失。句型公式 3：whether.or 引导让步状语从句教材原句 Quality input ensures quality output，whether it is speaking or writing.不管是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。句型仿写 Whether_we_succeed_or_fail，we
20、can be sure that we did our best.8不管成功还是失败，我们确信已尽了最大努力了。句型公式 4：provided that 引导条件状语从句，意为“如果，倘若”教材原句 Thirdly，you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in advance.第三，你们说我只要预付就有折扣。句型仿写 Provided_that_circumstances_permit，I will accompany her to the airport tomorrow morning.假如情况允许的话，明天早晨我就陪她去机
21、场。句型公式 5：while 表示对比，意为“而，却”教材原句 Somebody jumping for joy is easy to see while a raised eyebrow conveying doubt is easier to miss.人高兴时跳起来很容易看到，而眉毛挑起表示怀疑却更容易被忽略。句型仿写 He is very particular about food while_he_doesnt_care_about_money.他对吃的东西特别挑剔，却不在乎钱。.语篇填空回顾补全热诵阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It was pr
22、edicted that as early as the 1700s，English would one day be the global language and it has proved to be the case in the last few decades.1.The growth of international companies and the great advances in communications have started the trend for learning English 2.as a foreign language.In todays worl
23、d，3.being (be) able to speak more than one language，4.including(include) English，is how you stand out and get ahead.However，learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the 5.absence (absent) of a native language environment.Some 6.respected (respect) theories on language acquisition
24、believe that 7.to_attain (attain) a high level of fluency and accuracy in a foreign language，you need to 8.be_surrounded (surround) by it.But sadly，the chances that we will all have the opportunity to live in an English-speaking country are small.9.Therefore，most of us have to rely on 10.what we can
25、 learn at school as part of the school curriculum.语篇改错回顾修正热诵9文中共有 10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。Body language is used every single day by people of different nationality all over the world.It is a language consisted of gestures，facial expressions and body movement.It differs spoken language
26、as it is not always explicit.Someone who does not know the answer of a question will move their shoulders to upwards away from their upper body and then let them fall.Therefore，body language can be unconscious as well.As you know，body language can be very usefully when people did not share a common
27、spoken language.Although sometime body language can be ambiguous，experts agree that the smile means the same in the world.答案Body language is used every single day by people of different all nationalitynationalitiesover the world.It is a language of gestures，facial expressions and consistedconsisting
28、body .It differs spoken language as it is not always movementmovementsexplicit.Someone who does not know the answer a question will move their oftoshoulders upwards away from their upper body and then let them fall.，body language can be unconscious as well.As you know，body language ThereforeHoweverc
29、an be very when people not share a common spoken usefullyuseful diddolanguage.Although body language can be ambiguous，experts agree that sometimesometimesthe smile means the same in the world.核 心 词 汇1.absence n.不存在；缺乏；缺席10(1)absence from. 缺席；离开during/in ones absenceduring/in the absence of sb在某人不在的时
30、候(2)absent adj. 缺席的；茫然的be absent from 缺席；不存在；缺少However，learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in_the_absence_of a native language environment.(教材原句)然而，作为一门外语，在缺少母语环境的情况下，学英语是很困难的。He was absent from the party yesterday because of his sudden heart disease.昨天他因为心脏病突发，没有参加聚会。2.surround
31、 vt.环绕，围绕；包围(1)surround sb/sth with sb/sth用某人/某物包围某人/某物be surrounded by/with/sb/sth被某人/某物包围(2)surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的surroundings n. 周围的事物；环境；气氛Some respected theories on language acquisition believe that to attain a high level of fluency and accuracy in a foreign language，you need to_be_surrounded
32、(surround) by it.(教材原句)一些备受尊崇的语言习得理论认为，要想达到高水平的外语流利程度和准确性，你得置身于该语言的环境中。Only if we take good care of the surrounding trees and rivers can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.(surround)只有好好爱护周围的树木和河流，我们才能生活在更加舒适优美的环境中。3.guarantee vt.保证；担保 n.保证；保证书；抵押品(1)guarantee sb against/from11保证
33、某人免受(损伤或伤害)guarantee sb sth 保证某人某事guarantee to do sth 保证做某事guarantee that. 保证be guaranteed to do sth 必定做某事(2)under guarantee 在保修期内give sb a guarantee (that.)向某人保证()Even if you complete your training，I cant guarantee_you_a_job.即使你完成了培训，我也无法保证你能有工作。I appreciate your hard work，but I can not give you a
34、guarantee that you will surely get promoted.我欣赏你努力工作，但是我不能保证你一定能被提升。The car is less than a year old，and therefore still under guarantee.这辆汽车使用不到一年，因此仍在保修期内。一言串记 The manufacturer gives us a guarantee that the iPad is guaranteed for a year.That is to say，it has a years guarantee，so it is still under g
35、uarantee.厂家向我们保证这台苹果平板电脑保修一年。也就是说，它有一年的保修期，因此它仍在保修期内。名师指津 如果表达“保证某人做某事” ，guarantee 不能用于 guarantee sb to do.，只能用于 guarantee to do.或 guarantee that.。We guarantee that you will be compensated for any loss caused by our negligence.由于我们的疏忽而造成的任何损失，我们保证赔偿。4.adjust vi.调节；调整 vt.适应(1)adjust to 适应于adjust (sth
36、/oneself) to (doing) sth使(某物/某人自己)适应(做)某事12(2)adjustment n. 调整，调节，适应make an adjustment作出调整However，I think that you will_quickly_adjust_to them although the weather and the food are different from yours.不过，尽管天气和食物是与你那儿的不同，但我想你会很快适应它们。In the new term，most students adjusted themselves (they)very quickl
37、y to their new teachers.在新学期，大多数学生很快就适应了他们的新老师。You will have to make adjustments (adjust)to your thinking if you are to survive in office.如果你想保住这份工作，就必须在思想上作出调整。名师指津 表示“适应”的短语小结fit in 相适应；相融合 fit in with 与相适应adjust (oneself) to 适应 adapt (oneself) to 适应agree with 适合；与一致5.inform vt.告知；通知(1)inform sb o
38、f/about sth 通知某人某事inform sb that. 告知某人(2)informed adj. 了解情况的；消息灵通的keep sb informed of sth 使某人知道某事(3)information n. 信息(不可数)It was considerate of Michael to_inform_us_of his delay in case we got worried.为了避免我们担心，迈克尔告知我们他耽搁了，他想得很周到。It keeps us informed_of_what_has_happened during the week，for it covers
39、 both national and international news.13涵盖国内外新闻，它让我们了解一周内发生了什么。Besides，in order to learn Tang poetry well，youd better get some information(inform) about Tang Dynasty before class.(2017全国卷写作)此外，为了更好地学习唐诗，你最好在上课前得到一些有关唐朝的信息。6.congratulate vt.祝贺；庆贺；恭喜(1)congratulate sb on sth 为某事向某人祝贺congratulate onese
40、lf on 庆幸，对感到幸运(2)congratulation n. 祝贺；贺词(多用复数)offer/send ones congratulations to sb(on sth)(为某事)向某人表示祝贺express/accept ones congratulations表示/接受某人的祝贺You would probably think that the father was_congratulating_his_son_on_doing something well.(教材原句)你可能认为这位父亲因他儿子做事优秀而在向他表示祝贺。We offer our congratulations
41、 (congratulate) to you on your passing the College Entrance Examination.我们祝贺你们通过了高考。易混辨析 congratulate，celebratecongratulate强调“道喜，道贺” ，后面跟 sb与介词 on/upon搭配celebrate 表示“举行(仪式)，庆祝(胜利)，祝贺”等含义，后面跟节日名词选用以上词语填空An evening party was held to congratulate my deskmate on his winning the English contest.Like cele
42、brating his birthday，many students in our class came to express their congratulations on the progress he had made.昨晚举行了一个晚会来祝贺我的同桌赢得了英语演讲比赛。像庆贺他的生日一样我们班许多同学都来祝贺他取得的巨大进步。147.negotiate vt.谈判；协商(1)negotiate with sb about/for sth与某人商谈某事negotiate an agreement/contract 商定协议/合同(2)negotiation n. 谈判；磋商，洽谈und
43、er negotiation 在商谈中Our coach is negotiating with the headmaster for the use of their gym.我们教练正在同校长商谈使用他们体育馆的事。Union leaders have negotiated_an_agreement_for a short working week.工会领袖已经商定了一份缩短周工作时间的协议。He asked me to tell you the contract is under negotiation.他让我告诉你合同正在商谈中。8.embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬；使为难(1
44、)It embarrasses/embarrassed sb to do sth做某事使人窘迫(2)embarrassment n. 困窘，困惑to ones embarrassment 让某人感到不好意思(3)embarrassed adj. 难堪的，尴尬的be embarrassed at/about (对)感到为难/尴尬embarrassing adj. 令人困窘的It embarrasses me to_meet (meet) the young man again，for I misunderstood him.再次见到这个年轻人让我感到尴尬，因为我误会了他。I was embarr
45、assed (embarrass)to make speeches in public；its so embarrassing(embarrass).在公开场合演说我感到很不好意思，太难为情了。Much to her embarrassment (embarrass)，she realized that everyone was staring at her.当她意识到大家都盯着她看时，她感到很不好意思。9.catch on学会；受欢迎；流行起来；(与 to连用)理解；被接受15一词多义 写出下列句中 catch on的含义The more you hear different accents
46、，the easier it is to catch on.(教材原句) 理解The new dance quickly caught on among the students.流行起来I think this novel will catch on well after it comes out.受欢迎If only this idea could catch on，we should be able to make quite a lot of money out of it.被接受He is very quick to catch on to things.学会catch ones a
47、ttention 引起某人的注意；吸引某人catch up with 赶上catch hold of 抓住catch sight of 看见catch sb doing sth 发现(撞见)某人做某事My sister caught_hold_of my sleeve and pulled me back.姐姐抓住我的袖子，把我拉了回来。I caught my deskmate reading(read)my private letters.我的同桌在阅读我的私人信件时被我撞见了。10.on the other hand另一方面(1)on the one hand.on the other (
48、hand).一方面 ；另一方面(却)(引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等)(2)for one thing.for another.一则；二则 (用于引出并列的理由)(3)first(ly).；second(ly).第一；第二On_the_one_hand，of course，cars are useful.But on_the_other_(hand)，they cause a huge amount of pollution.一方面来说，汽车当然很有用，但从另一方面来说，它们也造成了大量污染。I dont want to go to the supermarket.For_one_thin
49、g，I_have_no_time；for_another，I_have_no_money.我不想去超市。一则我没时间，二则我没钱。16重 点 句 型1.Quality input ensures quality output，whether it is speaking or writing.不管是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。whether.or.引导让步状语从句，意为“不管是还是；不论还是” 。另外，它还可引导名词性从句。We are going to visit the Water Cube together with the foreign guests tomorrow whether it rains or
