1、1专题 01 Friendship 【考纲解读】1. 与同伴讨论友谊和朋友的重要性，了解同学们的交友观；2. 重点掌握与促进友谊、提升人际关系相关的词汇、短语和句式。【高频单词】1upset (adj.) 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 (vt.) 使不安；使心烦upset(过去式)upset (过去分词)upsetting (现在分词)2ignore (vt.) 不理睬；忽视ignorance (n.) 无知ignorant (adj.) 无知的；不了解的3concern (vt.) (使)担忧；涉及；关系到 (n.) 担心；关注；(利害)关系concerned ( adj.) 担心的；有关的c
2、oncerning ( prep.) 关于；有关4entire (adj.) 整个的；完全的；全部的entirely (adv.) 完全地；全然地；整个地5settle (vi.) 安家；定居；停留 (vt.) 使定居；安排；解决settlement (n.) 定居；解决settler( n.) 定居者；移民6suffer (vt. _when taken photos, one should keep still;_when someone else is asleep, one should keep quiet;_in class, one shouldnt keep silent ab
3、out the teachers questions.当面对危险时，要保持冷静；照像时，要保持不动；其他人睡觉时要保持安静；而在课上，不应该对老师的问题保持沉默。例 3、concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到 n担心；关注；(利害)关系Tell your friend that you are concerned about him/her and you will meet after class and talk then.(P1)告诉你的朋友你很关心他(她)，下课后你们会见面交谈。【归纳拓展】(1)concern oneself about/with 对表示关心(2)concer
4、ned adj.担心的；关注的be concerned about/for sth.担心；关心be concerned with 与有关；涉及as/so far as.be concerned 就而言；依之见6(3)concerning prep.有关；关于【名师点睛】concerned 作形容词充当前置定语时，意为“关心的，挂念的，担心的” ；如果要表示“相关的，有关的” ，作定语要后置。例如：a concerned look 关切的神色；the authorities concerned 有关当局。【语境助记】2016全国卷Others are concerned about/for us
5、ing gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers.其他人都关注用水和肥料较少的园艺方法。This chapter concerns itself with the historical background.本章旨在讲述历史背景。He asked several questions concerning the future of the company.他问了几个有关公司前途的问题。As_far_as_Im_concerned,_it can also be a sharing experience whe
6、n the same book is being appreciated.就我个人而言，赏读同一本书也是一次共同分享的经历。【联想】 as/so far as sb. be concerned 的同义表达：in ones opinion/viewfrom ones point of viewpersonally (speaking)例 4、suffer vt. and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number
7、(中位数)of speakers is a mere 6.000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.z.x.xkAlready well over 400 of the total of, 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speak
8、ers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.28. What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?A. They developed very fast. B. They were large in num
9、ber.C. They had similar patters. D. They were closely connected29. Which of the following best explains“dominant “ underlined in paragraph 2？A. Complex. B. Advanced.C. Powerful. D. Modem.30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6, 000 people at present?A. About 6 800 B. About 3 400C. About 2.4
10、00 D. About 1-20031. What is the min idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B. Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languagesC. Human development results in fewer languages19D. Geography determines language evolution.【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. C【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了随着社会的发展人类语言越来越少及其原因。29. 猜测词义
11、题。根据文章第二段中的 dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.可知，英语、西班牙语和汉语正在替代其他语言。由此推知 dominant languages 意为：强有力的语言。故选 C。30. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的 At present, the world has about 6,800 languages.和 The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that ha
12、lf the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that. 可知，目前世界上大约有 6800 种语言，但是讲的人数少于 6000 人的占一半即 3400。故选B。31. 主旨要义题。根据文章第一段中的主题句 Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.可知，语言的产生和消失进行了几千年，但最近时代语言产生的少，消失的太多
13、。故选 C。DWe may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. Thats bad news 20for the environment and our wallets as these outdated devices consume
14、much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life from when its minerals are mi
15、ned to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smar
16、t phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didnt throw out our old ones. “The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the ho
17、use,“ said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. Were not just keeping these old devices we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitts team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst d
18、evices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the solution（解决方案）? The teams data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new ele
19、ctronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environm
20、ent-friendly. B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home. D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?21A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electri
21、city consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV. B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV. D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them. B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them. D. Recycle them.【答案】3
22、2. A 33. D 34. B 35. A【解析】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章讲述了新旧电子设备的差别，旧电子设备耗能高，不环保。所以作者主张使用新电子设备。33. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的 To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout
23、its life 可知，Babbitts team 研究的目的是弄清楚这些设备用了多少电。故选 D。34. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的 They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.可知，平板电脑是耗能最少的电子设备，可以降低 44%的耗能。故选 B。35. 推理判断题。根据文章的整体内容可知，因为旧的电子设备耗能高，不环保。所以作者建议停止使用旧的电子设备。故选
24、 A。221.【2017新课标 I】完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something
25、 that has changed my 42 at college for the better: I discovered ASL-American Sign Language(美式手语).I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The 44 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往).Little did I know that I would discove
26、r my 45 for ASL.The 46 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 48 of communicating without speaking 49 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50 .This newness just left me 51
27、 more.After that, feeling the need to 52 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL clubs meetings. I only learned how to 53 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress,I was excited. I then made it a point to 55 those meetings and learn all I could.The following term,
28、 I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens.41. A. searching B. planning C. natur
29、al D. formal2342. A. progress B. experience C. majorD. opinion43. A. choose B. read C. learnD. create44. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken45. A. love B. concern C. goal D. request46. A. meeting B. trip C. storyD. task47. A. recorded B. performed C. recitedD. discussed48. A. idea B. amount C.
30、dream D. reason49. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassedD. attracted50. A. end B. past C. course D. distance51. A. showing B. acting C. sayingD. wanting52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain2453. A. print B. write C. signD. count54. A. slow B. steady C. normalD. obvious55. A. chair B. s
31、ponsor C. attendD. organize56. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for57. A. prohibited B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated58. A Lastly B. Thus C. Instead D. However59.A.required B. caused C. allowed D. expected60.A.easy B. popular C. quick D. new41A 我自己经历了这个探索的过程。根据前文 While high school does
32、 not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration 可知大学为探索提供了平台，所以这里指的是作者“探索”的过程。searching 寻找的，探索的；planning 计划的； natural 自然的；formal 正式的。故选 A。2542. B 考查名词辨析。progress：进步 experience：经历 major：主修课目 opinion：观点 句意：我发现有些东西改变了我的大学生活经历。分析可知故选 B。43. C
33、考查动词辨析。choose：选择 read：看，读 learn：学习create：创造 句意：我以前从没有过学习手语的冲动 分析可知故选 C。44. D 考查形容词辨析。official：官方的 foreign：外国的 body：肢体的 spoken：口语的 根据前文 My entire family is hearing,and so are all my friends.可知作者的家人及朋友都可以听得到，作者认为在平时的交流中，再加上肢体语言就足够了。body language：肢体语言 故选 D。46. C 考查名词辨析。meeting：会议 trip：旅行 story：故事 task：
34、任务 句意：故事发生在我上大学的第一周 分析可知在这里作者开始讲述在大学学习手语的事情，故选 C。47. B 考查动词辨析。record：记录 perform：表现，表演 recite：背诵discuss：讨论 句意：在 ASL 俱乐部表演一首歌的翻译时，我正观看着。分析可知 ASL 俱乐部是手语俱乐部，应该是在用手语表演一首歌。故选 B。48. A 考查名词辨析。idea：想法 amount：数量 dream：梦想 reason：原因 句意：手部的动作和不用语言进行交流的想法吸引了我 分析可知作者当时在看手语表演，而手语就是为了想借助手势进行交流。故选 A。49. D 考查动词辨析。dist
35、urb：打扰 support：支持 embarrass：使.难堪attract：吸引 分析语境可知 ASL 俱乐部的表演吸引了作者，否则作者也不会去学习手语。故选 D。2650. B 考查名词辨析。end：结束，末尾 past：过去 course：课程 distance：距离 句意：我所看到的和我在过去经历的事情完全不同。 固定短语 in the past：在过去 故选 B。51.D 考查动词辨析。show：展示 act：行动 say：说 want：想要 句意：这种新奇的感觉使我想了解更多。分析语境可知作者被手语吸引，想要进一步了解，所以也有了后文中的参加手语俱乐部的会议，上手语课的经历。故选
36、 D。52.B 考查动词辨析。exercise：锻炼 explore：探索 express：表达 explain：解释 句意：在那之后，我感觉到想要探索更多关于手语的东西，我参加了 ASL 俱乐部的一次会议。故选 B。53C 那天我只学会了写字母表。作者第一次参加手语俱乐部的会议，学会的应该是最基本的写字母表。当然，打印字母表、在字母表上签名、数字母表和学习手语都没有联系。print 打印；write 写；sign 签名；打手势；count 数。故选 C。54.A 考查形容词辨析。slow：缓慢的 steady：平稳的 normal：正常的 obvious：明显的 句意：我并没有因为缓慢的进步
37、而沮丧，相反我很兴奋。因为作者只学会了写字母表，所以进步是很慢的。故选 A。58.C 考查副词辨析。lastly：最后，终于 thus：因此；如此 instead：反而however：然而 句意：反而，如果当时有口语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少。根据前文 I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.可知作者很快意识到安静并不是令人不愉快的。反而有口语交流会影响手语的学习。故选 C。2759.B 考查动词辨析。require：要求 cause：造成 allow：允许 expect：期待 句意：如果当时有口语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少。故选 B。60.D 考查形容词辨析。easy：简单的 popular：受欢迎的 quick：快速的 new：新的 句意：现在我很感激当时的安静并且享受它带来的一种新的交流方式 分析可知手语对于作者来说是一种新的交流方式，故选 D。
