1、1语言知识运用（八）1.完形填空Not so long ago, a terrible fire broke out in an apartment in the city of Pitesti, just west of Bucharest. In no time, _1_were welcomed by 5metertall flames and roaring smoke. _2_ , using their advanced equipment, they quickly brought the beast under _3_ .The apartments owner Mr Petr
2、i and his lovely dog, Sandy, were the _4_of the big fire. Local firefighting hero, Costache Mugurel _5_ his way through the cruel flames to rescue the man and his pet. Mr Petri, _6_injured in the fire, was rushed to hospital. Sandy fell over _7_ breathing in too much smoke and lifelessly lay on the
3、roadside.Mugurel, remembering his CPR (心肺复苏术) training, passionately _8_the chest of the dog, desperately trying to _9_his life. And he began to lose hope after many _10_ . He was physically and mentally _11_ . Finally he performed mouthtomouth on the dog, screaming “_12_gets left behind！” Unexpecte
4、dly the dog _13_ himself and began panting (喘气). The onlooking crowd cheered and Mugurel began to weep with _14_ . He hurriedly carried him to the awaiting vet (兽医)Like _15_ , the story of Mugurel and his newfound friend spread around the city. His Facebook was _16_words of gratitude, loving emotico
5、ns (表情符号)and notes from friends and fans alike.According to vet experts, recovering animals via CPR is rather _17_ . The American Heart Association calculates that only less than 6 percent of cats and dogs survive if they _18_heart attacks.There have been many stories related to _19_in Pitesti, but
6、none have caught the _20_of the population quite like Sandys.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。不久之前，皮特什蒂发生了一次大火灾，在这次火灾中房主和他的宠物狗桑迪受了伤，穆古雷尔对昏迷的桑迪进行了心脏按压、人工呼吸，最终把它从死亡的边缘救回。这件事情感动了无数人。1A.firefighters Bpolicemen Cfriends Dneighbors答案：A 根据下文的“using their advanced equipment, they quickly brought the beast under _3_”可知，他们利用先进的
7、设备很快把火势控制住了。故此处指消防员，故选 A。2A.Therefore BBesides CHowever DMoreover答案：C 上文提到消防员立刻被 5米高的大火和浓烟包围，而设空后则说利用先进设备控制了火势，由此可知，上下文是转折关系。therefore “因此” ；besides “此外；而且” ；however “然而” ；moreover “此外” 。故选 C。23A.treatment Bcontrol Cstress Dway答案：B 此处指消防员利用先进的设备将火势控制住了。under control 是固定搭配，意为“得到控制” ，符合语境。故选 B。4A.caus
8、es Bresults Cvictims Dheroes答案：C 根据第 6空后的“injured in the fire”可知，彼得里先生在大火中受了重伤，故他和他的宠物狗是这场大火的受害者(victims)。cause “原因；理由” ；result “结果” ；hero “英雄” 。故选 C。5A.battled Blost Cpushed Dgot答案：A 根据设空后的“cruel flames”可知，火势凶猛，因此消防员是冒着极大的风险冲进火海的。battle ones way “一路奋战” ；lose ones way “迷路” ；push ones way “硬挤过去” ；get
9、 ones way “为所欲为” 。故选 A。6A.blindly Bhardly Cslightly Dseriously答案：D 根据设空后的“was rushed to hospital”以及他的宠物躺在路边没有了生命迹象可以推测，男主人受伤严重。blindly “盲目地” ；hardly “几乎不” ；slightly “轻微地” ；seriously “严重地” 。故选 D。7A.after Bbefore Cin spite of Din case of答案：A “fell over”发生在“breathing in too much smoke”之后，即吸入了太多的烟之后倒地。a
10、fter 意为“在之后” ，符合语境。故选 A项。before “在之前” ；in spite of “尽管” ；in case of “要是” 。8A.patted Bbeat Cexamined Dtouched答案：B 根据“remembering his CPR (心肺复苏术) training”可知，他要给狗狗做心脏复苏，因此要拍打它的胸部。pat “轻拍” ；beat “敲击” ；examine “检查” ；touch “接触；触摸” 。故选 B。9A.care about Btake away Csave Dstop答案：C 根据下文中提到的消防员为了抢救狗而对它进行人工呼吸可知
11、，消防员迫切地要挽救狗的生命。care about “关心” ；take away “拿走” ；save “挽救” ；stop “停止” 。故选 C。10A.beatings Btrainings Cshouts Dattempts答案：D 根据上文他给狗狗进行心脏复苏可知，消防员为救宠物狗进行了多次尝试(attempts)。beating “痛打” ；training “训练；培训” ；shout “叫喊” 。故选 D。11A.relaxed Bexhausted 3Cconcerned Dtroubled答案：B 多次尝试之后，他身心俱疲。relaxed “放松的” ；exhausted
12、“疲惫的” ；concerned “关心的” ；troubled “忧虑的；苦恼的” 。故选 B。12A.Somebody BEverybody CNobody DAnybody答案：C 消防员对宠物狗进行人工呼吸是因为不想放弃它的生命，因此他喊道：“一个都不能落下！” 。故选 C。13A.came up Bcame overCcame out Dcame to答案：D 根据设空后的“began panting (喘气)”可知，狗此时苏醒过来了。come up “走近；被提到；被想起 ”；come over “来访；拜访” ；come out “泄露；发行” ；come to oneself
13、“(昏迷后)醒来；恢复知觉” 。故选 D。14A.joy Bpity Cstress Dfright答案：A 经过多次尝试，狗终于醒过来了，人们欢呼雀跃，消防员应该是喜极而泣。故选 A。15A.wildfire Bwind Cdisasters Dsounds答案：A 消防员和这条狗的故事很快传遍了全城，就像野火一样。wildfire “野火” ；wind “风” ； disaster “灾难 ”；sound “声音” 。spread like wildfire为固定短语，生动地描述消息传播之快，因此 A最符合语境。16A.informed of Blinked with Creminded
14、of Dflooded with答案：D 根据设空后的“words of gratitude, loving emoticons (表情符号) and notes from .”可知，这件事传遍全城后，穆古雷尔的脸书上满是感激的话语、可爱的表情符号和朋友及粉丝的留言。be informed of “被告知 ”；be linked with “与有关” ；be reminded of “被提醒” ；be flooded with “充满” 。故选 D。17A.common Brare Cpractical Deasy答案：B 狗通过心肺复苏术能活下来是相当少见的，因为据统计只有不到 6%的宠物在
15、患心脏病之后能活下来。common “常见的” ；rare “罕见的” ；practical “实际的” ；easy “容易的” 。故选 B。18A.cure Bavoid Cmiss Dsuffer答案：D 根据设空前的“survive”及空后的“heart attacks”可知，此处指患有心脏病。cure “治愈” ；avoid “避免” ；miss “错过” ； suffer “患(病)” 。根据语境可知选 D。19A.fires Bvets Cdogs Daccidents4答案：C 与最后的“like Sandys”相照应，此处指有很多关于狗的故事，但是没有一个像桑迪的故事这样吸引公
16、众的注意力。故选 C。20A.attention BmeaningCbreath Dheart答案：A 上文提到了消防员和狗的故事迅速传遍全城，由此可知，这只狗的故事吸引了公众的注意力。catch ones attention是固定搭配，意为“吸引某人的注意力” 。故选A。2. 语法填空(2017年哈三中三模)Nobody wants to be aged, but 1._ it comes to visiting cities, most of us want to visit the worlds oldest cities.Luoyang is one of the oldest and
17、 most 2._ (attract) cities in the world that Id like to recommend to you.Luoyang stands out 3._ the oldest continually inhabited (持续居住的) city in Asia.The city is considered to be 4._ birthplace of Chinese culture and history as well as being one of the Seven Ancient Capitals of China.There 5._ (be)
18、no other city in China that has seen so many 6._ (dynasty) like Luoyang.With such a long and exciting history, Luoyang has really a lot 7._ (offer)The Longmen Grottoes (龙门石窟), which 8._ (include) in the World Heritage List since 2000, and many historic Buddhist temples 9._ (constant) attract tourist
19、s from all over the world.Luoyang is also famous for the White Horse Temple, the earliest Buddhist temple 10._ (establish) in China.Are you anxious to visit the city?本文是一篇说明文，介绍了古城洛阳。1when 句型 when it comes to.意为“当谈到；当提及” 。2attractive 本句由 and连接两个形容词的最高级，前一个是 oldest，后一个是由 most修饰的形容词，故填 attractive。3as
20、这里是“作为”的意思。4the birthplace 后有一个由 of做定语的结构，其前要用表示限定的冠词。5is 本句的主语是后面的“no other city”，故谓语用单数形式，又全文是一般现在时，故填 is。6dynasties 前面的 many要修饰可数名词的复数形式。7to offer 不定式做定语表示“有很多可以提供” 。8has been included which 指代前面的“the Longmen Grottoes”，龙门石窟“被包括”在世界遗产名录中，应用被动。时间状语是 since 2000，要用现在完成时。9constantly 副词修饰动词 attract。10e
21、stablished 过去分词做定语，修饰前面的名词 temple，表被动。3. 语法填空This summer I travelled from noisy Beijing to Wuzhen, a beautiful village in Zhejiang Province. Unfolded before me was _1_ unique image of this water country the stone bridge and the water flowing, all like fairy tales to me.However, _2_ impressed me most
22、 was not the natural scenery but the scene of a grandma bathing a little baby in a wooden basin with the door open. My friends couldnt help _3_ (take) pictures of them. To my surprise, the 5grandma smiled and waved at us. All of a sudden, my heart was filled with _4_ (warm)I shared the photo and my
23、_5_ (forget) experience with my friends. They were _6_ (simple) moved as I was, but at the same time they reminded me of the unpleasant experiences in big cities. We feel embarrassed to see people quarrelling in public because they _7_ (step) on accidentally by strangers.According to a recent survey
24、 _8_ (make) in November 2016: 45 percent of the residents dont know the names of their neighbors; 63 percent have never devoted _9_ (they) to talking to their neighbors; 67 percent think that the relationship between them and their neighbors is just soso, or even bad. Wouldnt it be beautiful to say
25、hello to our neighbors who just came back _10_ work and give them a smile?语篇解读：本文主要讲述了作者的乌镇之旅以及对大城市里冷漠的邻里关系的反思。1a image 是可数名词，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰，且 unique的读音不是以元音音素开头的，故用不定冠词 a。2what what 引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示物的概念。3taking 固定词组搭配：cant help doing sth.意为“情不自禁做某事” ，符合语境，故用动名词作宾语。4warmth 介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用
26、名词 warmth作介词 with的宾语。5unforgettable 修饰名词的词一般为形容词，且此处与第二段呼应，作者和朋友们分享的是难忘的经历，故用形容词 unforgettable修饰名词 experience，在句子中作定语。6simply 修饰动词的词一般为副词，故用副词 simply在句子中作状语。7are stepped 根据语境中 by的提示可知，此处表示被动概念，且由句中 feel的时态可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态，即 are stepped。8made make 和句子谓语之间没有连词，且和其逻辑主语 survey之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。9themsel
27、ves 根据语境可知，此处用反身代词 themselves作宾语。10from 根据语境可知，此处表示下班后回来，故用介词 from。4. 短文改错(2017年福州高三 5月质检)Dear Ben，As graduation is draw near, Id like to express my sincere gratitude to you for 6your kind.In the last three years, you had shared my joys and sorrows, making my school life unforgettable.I remember ver
28、y much that you sent me to hospital when I had my left leg break.During the days when I had to stay in the bed, you comforted me and helped me my lessons.It is your friendship which fills my life with sunshine.I hope my friendship will last forever and I also hope all your dreams will come truly in
29、the future.Best wishes!Yours，Li Hua第一处：drawdrawing。毕业“正在”临近，用进行时。第二处：kindkindness。在形容词性物主代词 your后用名词。第三处：hadhave。 “In the last three years”是现在完成时的时间状语。第四处：muchwell。从上下文看，我对这件事记得“很好，很牢” ，而不是“很多” 。第五处：breakbroken。做“my leg”的宾语补足语，与之是被动关系，要用过去分词。第六处：去掉 bed前的 the。stay in bed 是固定搭配，表示“卧床” 。第七处：my lessons
30、前加 with。这是“help sb.with sth.”的结构。第八处：whichthat。这是一个强调句。第九处：myour。是“我们”之间的友谊，而不是“我的”友谊。第十处：trulytrue。come 在这里是系动词，后接形容词做表语。同时， “梦想成真”也是一个固定用法，即“the dream will come true” 。5. 短文改错The incident had happened on my way to a bookstore on the rainy Sunday afternoon. I was waiting for the green light when a
31、girl about ten was knocked down by a passing car, that drove off quickly. A man immediately rushed to the girl to give him first aid. I joined in without any hesitate. A young woman called 110 and the polices soon arrived on the scene. Fortunate she was not badly injured and we sent her to the neare
32、st hospital. Comparing with the escaped driver, I am proud of that I did.答案：The incident happened on my way to a bookstore on rainy Sunday the aafternoon. I was waiting for the green light when a girl about ten was ofknocked down by a passing car, drove off quickly. A man immediately that whichrushe
33、d to the girl to give first aid. I joined in without any him her. A young woman called 110 and the soon arrived on the hesitate hesitation polices policescene. she was not badly injured and we sent her to the nearest Fortunate Fortunately7hospital. with the escaped driver, I am proud of I did.Compar
34、ing Compared that what1去掉 had 考查动词的时态。此处叙述发生在过去的事情，故改为一般过去时。2thea 考查冠词。此处应用不定冠词 a，泛指某一个下雨的周日下午。3about 前加 of 考查介词。此处表示“一个大约十岁的女孩” ，故在 about前加of。4thatwhich 考查定语从句的引导词。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，补充说明主句中的“a passing car” ，关系词在从句中作主语，故改 that为 which。5himher 考查代词。根据语境可知，此处是指上文提到的被车撞倒的小姑娘，故改为代词 her。6hesitatehesitation 考查名
35、词。根据空前的 without any可知，此处应用名词作宾语，故将 hesitate改为 hesitation。7policespolice 考查名词。the police表示“警察” ，是表示复数意义的集体名词。8FortunateFortunately 考查副词。副词修饰整个句子，描述这位小姑娘的境况。故改为副词 Fortunately。9ComparingCompared 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，compare 和句子主语 I构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故改为过去分词作状语。10thatwhat 考查宾语从句的连接词。what 引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示“所的事情” ；that 在宾语从句中没有语义，不作成分，故将 that改为 what。
