1、1阅读理解：推理判断（一）AIf you are like most students, you probably sit still while learning a new language. However, sitting still may not always be the best way to learn. English learners can improve their language skills through movement, says Tamara Jones. She works at the English Language Center at Howar
2、d Community College in Maryland.So, what is the relationship between physical movement and the brain? The idea is that the brain and the body are joined together. This means that one affects the other.Many people are familiar with the idea that the brain tells the body to move. And many people are f
3、amiliar with the idea that repeating an action over and over again helps your brain to remember. However, some research, such as a study by Morsella and Krauss, suggests that your body might help your brain to find memories. Specifically, movements we make with our body, such as hand gestures, may h
4、elp us to remember and use the correct words.This idea is part of the reason why experts on learning strategies, which are ways to improve the learning process, suggest using movements. One learning approach, the Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach, or CALLA, calls the use of movements “Us
5、ing Your Kinesthetic (动觉的) Sense”Beyond helping the brain to find memories, movements also aid in learning, says Tamara Jones. “Theres a lot of research that suggests what you do with your body, you remember with your brain. And also, a lot of these physical movements will encourage us in class or i
6、n life, when we are practicing on our own, to repeat and repeat and repeat the word as we are doing the physical movement, and this also helps us remember the word.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，动起来有益于语言学习，也就是说大脑和肢体的结合有助于语言技能的提高。1Why does the author refer to Morsella and Krauss?ATo measure their achievement.BT
7、o prove Jones opinion right.CTo introduce the theme of the passage.DTo present a commonlyheld idea.解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“English learners can improve 2their language skills through movement”以及第三段中的“a study by Morsella and Krauss, suggests that your body might help your brain to find memories . and
8、use the correct words.”可知，Morsella 和 Krauss的观点是肢体可能有助于人们找寻记忆，记起并准确地使用单词，与文章首段中 Tamara Jones的观点是一致的。因此作者提到这两个人是为了证明 Tamara Jones的观点是正确的。故选 B项。2How can physical movements affect ones learning?ABy shortening the repeating process.BBy motivating the brain to remember things.CBy helping one to study in a
9、 relaxed state.DBy enabling one to use advanced words.解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“movements we make with our body, such as hand gestures, may help us to remember and use the correct words”并结合最后一段的内容可知，肢体运动有助于刺激大脑进行记忆，由此可知选项 B正确。3Which statement may Tamara Jones agree with?AKnowledge starts with practice.
10、BThe body can control the brain deeply.CMovements help the brain work better.DLanguage learners must be more active.解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的内容，尤其是“Beyond helping the brain to find memories, movements also aid in learning”可知，Tamara Jones的观点应是身体运动能帮助大脑更好地工作，有助于提高英语学习者的语言技能。因此选项 C正确。4What does the underl
11、ined word “this” in the last paragraph mean?APracticing English on your own.BSpeaking the word again and again.CGrasping an effective learning strategy.DRepeating words while moving your body.解析：选 D 代词指代题。根据最后一段中的“to repeat and repeat and repeat the word as we are doing the physical movement, and th
12、is also helps us remember the word”可知，this 指代的应是最后一个 and前的内容，即当我们在做身体运动时不断地重复单词。故选 D项。B3I am an English dictionary. I can still remember the day my exowner bought me. He had stood in front of the shelf for around half an hour before finally picking me. Originally, he chose my neighbor. But because s
13、he had some ink on the cover, he put her down and chose me instead.I may sound arrogant(傲慢的). But please forgive me. I am so proud of my vocabulary. With 100,000 entries and 300,000 examples, I think no scholar can be more knowledgeable than me. My only weakness is that I cant speak. But that is not
14、 my fault. I was not designed to speak in the first place. My exowner was supposed to read the phonetic symbols (音标) clearly printed beside each word, which were also my selling point. I should have been respected but have ended up lying next to a piece of used toilet paper inside the rubbish bin.It
15、 is all because of the electronic dictionary. He is a bad guy because he takes advantage of my weakness. And I just dont understand why he can be so slim. He also has about 100,000 entries but 450,000 examples! But I know this was not the reason why my exowner was attracted, for he was not a very di
16、ligent student and seldom read the examples listed. The main reason was that the bad guy had so many games in him. My exowner always pretended to be working hard while actually he was playing games.My exowner put me on his bookshelf because of my awesome English name Advanced English Dictionary. He
17、wanted people to think that he was an advanced learner. I wanted to tell him that it would be better if he hid the comic book standing next to me. But, you know, I cant speak. I stood there for years. I was so bored. So I talked to the comic book next to me. Under normal circumstances, I wouldnt hav
18、e talked to him because I was educated and he was not. But who else could I choose? He told me that my exowner had read him once only and then put him there. I was upset because he had never read me from page one to page 1,000. Was I not a better book than the comic book? I wanted to challenge his h
19、onesty but before I did so, he was thrown away.I give up. My pages are absorbing waste water. There is no way people will use me again. Suddenly, I want to talk to the comic book. Would he talk to me if we met?篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章以第一人称和拟人的写作手法，生动地记叙了一本高级英语词典的经历。1Why does the dictionary think that the el
20、ectronic dictionary is a “bad guy” ?AIt contains more words and examples.BIt can actually pronounce the words.CIt has a smaller size.DIt has many games.4答案：B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“He is a bad guy because he takes advantage of my weakness.”可知，这本词典认为电子词典是个坏家伙，因为电子词典利用了它的弱点。联系第二段第五句“My only weakness is that I
21、 cant speak.”可知，这本词典的唯一弱点是不会发声。也就是说因为电子词典能读出单词，所以这本词典把它称为一个坏家伙。故选 B。2The dictionary thinks that its exowner put it on the bookshelf because he _.Athought that it could match the comic bookBwanted his friends to study EnglishCjust wanted to show offDhad to use it sometimes答案：C 推理判断题。根据第四段第一、二句“My exo
22、wner put me on his bookshelf because of my awesome English name Advanced English Dictionary. He wanted people to think that he was an advanced learner.”可知，这本词典的前主人把它放在书架上只是为了炫耀。故选 C。3What was the dictionarys attitude toward the comic book standing next to it?AIt wanted to make friends with him.BIt r
23、espected him.CIt looked down upon him.DIt hated him.答案：C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“I wouldnt have talked to him because I was educated and he was not”(我本不会和漫画书说话的，因为我受过教育而它没有)和“Was I not a better book than the comic book？”(难道比起这本漫画书来，我不是一本更好的书吗)可知，这本词典很轻视漫画书。故选 C。4Which of the following is the best title for
24、the text?AA dictionary is replaced with an electronic oneBStudents seldom use dictionariesCA dictionary and a comic bookDThe experience of a dictionary答案：D 标题判断题。阅读短文可知，这篇文章以第一人称讲述了一本词典的经历。故选项 D最适合作本文标题。CAlbert Einstein had a great effect on science and history, and his achievement was even greater
25、than only a few other great scientists have achieved.AnAmericanuniversity president once said that Einstein had made a new outlook, a new view of the universe. It may be some time before the average 5mind understands fully the identity (特性)of time and space and so onbut even ordinary men now underst
26、and that the universe is something larger than ever thought before.By 1914 young Einstein had been worldfamous. He accepted the offer to become a professor at the Prussian Academy of Science in Berlin. He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited chances for study, but soon his peace and quietne
27、ss were broken by World War .Einstein hated fighting and killing. The great suffering of war affected him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office doing little.He lost interest in his research. Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.In the year following World War I, honours
28、were increasingly put on him. He became head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute of Theoretical Physics. But he himself refused the effort to put him in a position far above other people.He was well known for his humble (谦逊的) manner. He often said that his success would certainly have been achieved by ot
29、hers if he had never lived. In 1921 he won the Nobel Prize, and he was honoured in Germany until the rise of Nazism (纳粹) when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.篇章导读：本文是一篇人物传记。文章简要介绍了著名科学家爱因斯坦的事迹，及其对科学和历史产生的巨大影响及其重大贡献。1The main idea of the first paragraph is _ .Athe difficulty of Einste
30、ins thought to othersBthe feeling of an American university president towards EinsteinCthe difference between science and historyDthe change in human thought produced by Einstein答案：D 段落大意题。第一段讲述了爱因斯坦对科学和历史产生了巨大影响，同时也使人们的思想产生了巨大的变化。2It seems to the American university president that _ .AEinstein achi
31、eved more than any other scientist in historyBeverybody understands Einsteins scientific ideas Cthe new view of the universe can be quickly learned by everyoneDour ideas about the universe are different today because of Einstein答案：D 推理判断题。由第一段最后一句可知，爱因斯坦的理论使人们对宇宙的看法发生了转变。3Einstein did his greatest w
32、ork _ .Awhen Nazism roseBwhen he was youngCduring World War Dafter he left Europe答案：B 推理判断题。由第三段和最后一段可知爱因斯坦在一战和纳粹时期，几乎没6有正常工作，排除 A项和 C项；本文也没有讲述他离开欧洲以后的科研情况，排除 D项；由第二段第一句和最后一段第一句可知，B 项所述正确。4From the passage we can know that _ .AGermans usually have a high respect for scienceBEinstein had other intere
33、sts besides scienceCEinstein was forced to work again in 1918DEinstein led a quiet life during World War 答案：A 推理判断题。由第四段中的第一、三句及最后一段中的“he was honoured in Germany”可知，德国人民尊敬爱因斯坦，尊敬科学。 B项文中未提及；C、D 两项与文意不符。DDo you still remember your favorite poem from high school or some other important periods in your
34、 life? Why is it that decades later it still stands out in your mind? Probably the main reason is that some aspect of that poem resonates (引起共鸣) with you. In the same way, you too as a school leader can touch the hearts of your staff and students.Poetry allows us to experience strong spiritual conne
35、ctions to things around us and to the past. Thus, it can inspire whatever and whomever it touches. The power that poetry has displayed over time and across cultures actually satisfies this_common_need of the human heart and soul.As one of the oldest art forms, poetry has successfully connected vario
36、us strands of humanity (人性) from one generation to another. Referring to poetry, Hillyer makes a simple yet meaningful statement, “With this key mankind unlocked his heart.”School leaders can find and make use of the value of poetry for themselves, their students and their staff members. Beyond the
37、simple use of poetry, techniques of poetry such as metaphors, repetitions and imagery can be used to take advantage of the power of language to transform communication, create meaning and a culture of care and attention.Since schools are mainly about people and relationships, school leaders, like po
38、ets, are required to inspire and encourage the human heart. The use of poetryor even of some techniques of poetryin school leadership not only helps to improve communication, but also serves to meet the human need for inspiration.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章作者通过阐释诗歌的价值和精神力量，鼓励学校领导将诗歌的力量转化到学校管理中。1Who is the pass
39、age mainly for?AStudents. BSchool teachers.7CSchool leaders. DPoets.答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句的“you too as a school leader”可知，本文主要是写给学校领导的。2According to the passage, some poems are unforgettable mainly because _ .Athey are easy to understandBthey usually tell true storiesCthey can inspire peoples imaginat
40、ionDthey can touch peoples hearts答案：D 推理判断题。根据第一段的后两句话可知，有些诗之所以让人难忘是因为它们的某些方面能够引起人们的共鸣，同样，学校领导也可以触动自己的职员和学生的心灵。由此可知其主要原因是这些诗歌可能触动人们的心灵。3The underlined part “this common need” in the second paragraph refers to _ .Athe need to read poetryBthe need to be inspiredCthe need to learn about the pastDthe ne
41、ed to be connected with other people答案：B 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句的“. it can inspire whatever and whomever it touches.”以及文章末句中的 “. serves to meet the human need for inspiration.”可知，这种共同的需要是指 inspiration。EThis summer, I was part of something that I have carried with me every day since. An experience changed my
42、life. The Kentucky YMCA has a program called YCorps, which are service trips of around 20 students. This summer, two trips were made across Kentucky, one down south and the other trip up north. I was on the YCorps Service to the North in Indianapolis, Indiana, and our trip began at the end of July.
43、I had butterflies flying around me as my parents drove me to Louisville, where the Service to the North team would set off on a nineday journey in a school bus. I knew some of the team members from previous YConferences, but there were many that I had never met, and I had never participated in a ser
44、vice trip like this before. Though I was nervous, I was also ready to try something completely out of my comfort zone. Once we loaded the bus with our lightly packed suitcases and sleeping bags, we said our goodbyes to our parents and departed for an adventure that changed all of our lives. With the
45、 Kentucky Ys motto: “Participate, dont anticipate”， we had no idea where we were headed. Road signs were our only clue of where we would be 8stopping. We did service work at a Middle Way House in Indiana, a Detroit Market Garden, a Pennsylvania YMCA for an invasive (侵略性的) species cleanup, the Upper
46、Main Line Y in Pennsylvania to spend time with children at a summer camp, a Hurricane Sandy cleanup in Jersey Shore and the National Mall in Washington DC. We slept on floors of local YMCAs that would take us in for a night, and some nights we didnt have the opportunity to shower. We had late nights
47、 on the road driving from city to city, and early mornings to start the day journaling and reflecting on the day before.Though we were physically tired from the hard work, we still enjoyed the time to experience the culture of the areas we were in.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者参加去美国北部城市印第安纳波利斯的义务服务旅行的情况，作者认为
48、此次行程虽然辛苦却很有意义，令人难忘。1For the author, the Service to the North is_ .Aterrifying BexhaustingCunforgettable Damusing答案：C 推理判断题。根据本文第一句话中的“I have carried with me every day since”和最后一段中的“we still enjoyed the time . we were in”可知，暑假的服务行程对于作者来说是令人难忘的。故选 C。2What can we learn from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3?
49、A. The members were clear about where to go and where to stop.BThe author had taken part in such kind of service before this one.CThe author got nervous but was willing to face something uncomfortable.DThe team helped clean up the invasive species in Jersey Shore.答案：C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Though I was nervous，I was also ready to try something completely out of my comfort zone.”可知，作者虽然紧张，但还是准备尽力面对一些令自己觉得有挑战性的事。故选 C。3We can
