1、1Section Language Points （Introduction they knew what was still to come. (P30)怪不得跟我一起的客人每道菜也就浅尝几口，他们知道还有菜要上呢。no wonder 难怪No wonder they are so familiar to each other; you know, they are old friends.难怪他们那么熟，你知道，他们是老朋友。(1)(Its) no wonder (that .) 不足为奇，难怪Its a wonder (that) . 令人惊奇的是in wonder 惊奇地(2)wond
2、er at/about 对感到惊奇wonder if/whether从句 不知道是否Its_no_wonder/No_wonder_(that) youre tired; youve been walking for hours.3难怪你累了，你一直走了好几个小时。Its_a_wonder_that no one got hurt. 没有一个人受伤，真是个奇迹。I wonder_if/whether you can tell me the answer to the question.我想知道你是否能告诉我这个问题的答案。3Stomach, intestines, ears, tongue,
3、tail, hoof, and lungs are all likely to end up on the dinner table in front of you. (P30)胃、肠子、耳朵、舌头、尾巴、蹄以及肺都有可能在你面前的餐桌上被吃掉。end up 结束，告终，结果为If you do that, youll end up in failure.如果你那样做，你会以失败告终的。end up in 以结束(接表示结果的名词)end up with 以结束(接表示方式的名词)end up as 作为而结束end up doing 以方式结束The party ended_up_with
4、a popular song.晚会以一首流行歌曲结束。Johnson worked hard in the company and ended_up_as a manager.约翰逊在这家公司工作很努力，最终当上了经理。We were planning to go out, but ended up watching (watch) the football game at home.我们本来打算出去，但是最后却在家看足球赛了。4The first time I saw a threeyearold kid cheerfully chewing a chickens head I had ba
5、d dreams for weeks.(P30)我第一次看到一个三岁的孩子高兴地啃着一个鸡头时，我做了好几周的噩梦。The first time 引导时间状语从句We fell in love the first time we met each other.我们一见钟情。可用作连词的名词性词组还有：the next time 下次时 ，every time每次时 ，each time 每次时 ， the last time 最后一次时 ，the moment/the minute/the instant 一就 等。I recognised her the moment/minute/inst
6、ant I saw her in the crowd.我一见到她就从人群里把她辨认了出来。Every_time he returns to his hometown, he always visits his playmates in his childhood.每次回到家乡，他总是去拜访他童年时代的玩伴。名师点津 for the first time 只能用作句子的状语，不可用来引导状语从句，因为它不具有连词的功能。5I was amazed at their easy and graceful manner while I stood there feeling somewhat conf
7、used by the food. (P31)我惊讶于他们闲适优雅的举止，而我却站在那儿对他们的食物感到有些茫然。manner n方式，方法；态度；(pl.)礼貌；规矩；(民族、时代的)风俗，习惯Treat other people in the manner that you wish them to treat you.你希望别人如何待你，就应该如何待别人。Could you please tell us some table manners in Western countries?你能告诉我们一些西方的餐桌礼仪吗？(1)in a/an . manner 以的方式(2)It is goo
8、d/bad manners to do sth. 做某事是有/没有礼貌的 The work should have been done in a more satisfactory manner.这项工作本来可以用更令人满意的方式进行。4Its_bad_manners for a man to smoke in the public places where smoking is not allowed.一个人在不允许吸烟的公共场合吸烟是不礼貌的。联想发散 注意表示“用这种方法”的介词搭配：in this way with this methodby this means in this ma
9、nnerby this approach6It was quite hard to make out what they contained. (P31)很难弄清楚它们究竟是用什么做的。make out 看出，理解；声称；假装；填写，书写；辨认出；设法应付写出下列句中 make out 的含义Her words are so confusing that its difficult to make out what she is trying to express.看出，理解Theres someone outside the window, but I cant make out who i
10、t is.辨认出When you make out the form, please tell me.填写He made out that he was badly treated. 声称I wonder how he is making out in his new job.设法应付make it 做成，成功 make up 组成；化妆；编造make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事make use of 利用make fun of 取笑make a difference 有影响make sense 有意义，行得通Your support will certainly m
11、ake a difference in our career.你的支持肯定会对我们的事业起作用。Does what you wrote make sense?你写的东西有意义吗？7The waiter put these foods inside bread or potatoes according to peoples requirements.(P31)服务人员按照人们的要求往面包或土豆里面加入这些食物。requirement n要求Your requirement that she (should) wait until next week is reasonable.你要求她等到下个
12、周是有道理的。(1)meet/fulfill/satisfy ones requirement满足某人的需求(2)require v. 需要；要求require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事require that . (should) do 要求sth. require doing/to be done 需要被做Firstly, I feel that I am competent to meet_your_requirements. 首先，我认为我能够满足你们的要求。All the students are required to_gather (gather) at th
13、e school gate at 7: 00 am and then go to the park on foot.所有的学生都要在早上 7 点在校门口集合，然后步行去公园。They required that our parents (should)_be (be) present at the meeting.他们要求我们的父母出席会议。8. Do their ideas have anything in common? (P32)他们的观点有共同之处吗？have .in common 与有共同之处We dont have much in common, but we get along
14、really well.5我们虽然没有很多共同之处，但是我们相处得很好。(1)have a lot/much/a great deal in common with 与有很多共同之处 have nothing/little in common with 与没有/很少有共同之处(2)in common with 与一样They have_nothing_in_common_with each other in their manners.他们彼此的举止毫无共同之处。In_common_with other middleaged people, I like jogging in the morn
15、ing.与其他中年人一样，我喜欢早上慢跑。.单句语法填空1The man had started to eat greedily (greed) before all the guests arrived.2If plastic and rubber are burnt, theyll give off poisonous (poison) gases.3Robert is infamous (famous) for his bad behaviour in our community, so youd better keep away from him.4The smell of the n
16、ewlybaked bread is so_appetising (appetite) that I cant wait to have a taste of it.5Our products can meet all the customers basic requirements (require)6Her handwriting is so terrible that it is unrecognisable (recognise), which will no doubt leave a bad impression on teachers.7A lot of people are o
17、bsessed with online shopping and buy lots of things they dont need at all.8I owe an apology to you. I really hope you can forgive me for what I did.9I have a lot in common with Alice, so we are the best friends.10He is so diligent that it is no wonder that he is always getting a high remark.11The po
18、em is so complicated that I cannot make out its meaning.12She didnt dare to go against her fathers wishes and went to the art school again.13She answered me in a businesslike manner.14The first time I got to the island, I was amazed by its beautiful sights.15Some people tried many ways to lose weigh
19、t, ending up gaining (gain) weight soon again.完成句子1我把我的成功归功于朋友们慷慨的帮助。I owe_my_success_to the generous help of my friends.2我想知道你能否给我提供一些如何交朋友的建议。I_wonder_if/whether you can give me some advice on how to make friends.3她确实告诉过我她的地址，但我全忘了。She did_tell me about her address but I forgot all about it.4嘴里含满了
20、东西和别人说话是不礼貌的。6Its_bad_manners_to_speak with your mouth full.5如果我们忽视我们的未来，就像图画中的这个人一样，我们就会以失败告终。If we neglect our future, well end_up_in_failure as what happens to the man in the picture.一句多译1校长要求所有的学生在学校穿校服。The headmasters requirement is that_all_the_students_(should)_wear school uniforms at school.
21、 The headmaster required that all_the_students_(should)_wear school uniforms at school. The headmaster required all_the_students_to_wear school uniforms at school.2他第一次来中国时，对中国的饮食很不习惯。The_first_time he came to China, he wasnt used to the Chinese food.When he came to China for_the_first_time,_he wasn
22、t used to the Chinese food.课文缩写语法填空Chinese people think a lot about food. I think that they are sometimes obsessed 1.with it. I had eaten Chinese food often, but I couldnt have imagined how fabulous a real Chinese banquet could be. The first six or seven dishes seemed to fill the table, with plates
23、dangerously 2.balanced (balance) one on top of another. To my surprise, more dishes arrived. There was enough 3.to_feed (feed) a whole army. Another aspect of “food culture” is that the Chinese seem to eat almost every part of every animal much 4.to the horror of many westerners. However, there are
24、other kinds of foods 5.that/which have taken longer for me to accept. The infamous choudoufu is an example.The first time I ate British food I was in the canteen of a London publisher. I was 6.amazed (amaze) at their easy and graceful manner. At the counter there were colourful 7.mixtures (mix) in e
25、ight or nine big boxes. 8.Later (late), I found out that British people like cold food. But in China, cold food means poverty you dont give it to a guest! I also learned that the English like to mix food before 9.serving (serve) it at the table. The food here goes against the Chinese sense of beauty
26、 and style at the dinner table. Chinese dishes can 10.be_photographed (photograph) and have a nice appearance.对应学生课下能力提升(十).根据提示写出单词的正确形式1We owe (应给予，感激) a lot to our teachers.2This meat is so tough I can hardly chew (咀嚼) it!3For dessert (甜食), you can have ice cream or apple pie.4Children should lea
27、rn above all how to observe good manners (礼仪) at table.5The fillings (馅) can be either meat or vegetables.6A lot of poisonous (poison) waste from the chemical works polluted the river. 7His cakes were so tasty (taste) that he sold them in dozens.8We climbed up energetically and breathed the fresh ai
28、r greedily (greed)9Xiao Wang is doing his best to meet the_requirements (require) of his parents.710The students begin their classes at a fixed (fix) time.选词填空owe . to， end up， make out， go against， be obsessed with， get used to， according to， to ones surprise 1Jack went_against his parents wishes a
29、nd married a blind girl.2Yesterday Lucys birthday party ended_up with a Happy Birthday song.3Jane couldnt_make_out what David was saying, but she pretended to listen to him carefully.4We owed our success to good luck.5After hearing the concert, she is_obsessed_with classical music.6He got up late in
30、 the past, and now he has got_used_to getting up early.7To_our_surprise he has been away from home for years.8They both played the game according_to the rules.完成句子1第一次去深圳时我迷了路。I lost my way the_first_time I went to Shenzhen.2难怪他非常生气，他的妈妈不允许他玩电脑游戏。No_wonder he was quite angry; his mother didnt allow
31、him to play computer games.3他说他确实来看过我，但是我当时不在。He said he did_come to see me, but I wasnt in.4你在睡觉前闻一闻这些花，可能会终得美梦。Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just end_up_with_sweet_dreams.5尽管他们是兄弟俩，他们却毫无共同之处。Though they are brothers, they have_nothing_in_common.阅读理解AThe spread of Western ea
32、ting habits around the world is bad for human health and for the environment. Those findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.David Tilman is a professor at the University of Minnesota. In the study, he examined information from 100 nations to show what people ate and how diet affected h
33、ealth. Mr Tilman noted a movement beginning in the 1960s. He found that as nations industrialized (工业化), population increased and earnings rose. More people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet. The Western diet is high in sugar, fat, oil and meat. By eating these foods, people began
34、 to get fatter and sicker.“The food, let us say, in the 15 richest nations of the world, right now contains about 400 or 500 extra calories (热量) a day that are eaten beyond what people need, and that leads people to gain weight.”David Tilman says overweight people are at greater risk for diseases li
35、ke diabetes, heart disease and some cancers. Diabetes is shooting to very high rates in the United States and across Europe. Heart disease is a major cause of death in the Western nations. Unfortunately when people become industrialized, if they adopt this Western diet, they are going to have these
36、same health problems.A diet bad for human beings, it seems, is also bad for the environment. As 8the worlds population grows, experts say more forests and areas will become farmland for crops or grasslands for raising cattle. These areas will be needed to meet the increasing demand for food.Mr Tilma
37、n calls the link between diet, the environment and human health, “a dilemma”， a situation where it is very difficult to decide what to do. He says one possible solution is leaving the Western diet behind.语 篇 解 读 ： 本 文 主 要 讲 了 西 方 饮 食 是 不 健 康 的 ， 我 们 要 摆 脱 西 方 的 饮 食 。1Why did people get fatter in the
38、 1960s?AThey ate foods high in calories.BThey adopted a western lifestyle.CThey set aside little time for exercise.DThey had a better life and became lazier.解析：选 A 推理判断题。根据第二段最后三句可知人们接受了西方的饮食，它们含有很多的糖、脂肪、油和肉，因为它们含有较高的卡路里，所以吃这些东西很容易发胖。2According to the text, overweight people may suffer the following
39、 diseases EXCEPT _.Adiabetes Bskin diseaseCcancers Dheart disease解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“David Tilman says overweight people are at greater risk for diseases like diabetes, heart disease and some cancers.”可知选 B 项。3What can we infer from Paragraph 5?AThere will be fewer and fewer forests.BPeople wont
40、care about the environment.CThe worlds population will grow faster than ever.DRaising cattle will be the most moneymaking business.解析：选 A 推理判断题。根据第五段中第二、三句可知森林将会变得越来越少，人将会变得更多，但没有提到人口增长会更快，故选 A 项。4What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?ATo tell people effective ways to keep health
41、y.BTo call on people to give up the Western diet.CTo show the problems industrialized nations are facing.DTo draw peoples attention to environmental protection.解析：选 B 写作目的题。根据文章的最后一句可知所有的这些问题的解决办法就是摆脱西方的饮食。BThe World Health Organization (WHO) says the widespread use of sugar in food products and dri
42、nks is a major concern in many areas. So WHO officials are calling on governments to require taxes on sugary drinks. The officials believe the taxes also would reduce the risk of health problems resulting from obesity (肥胖)Obesity is a condition in which the body stores large, unhealthy amounts of fa
43、t. A new report says that in 2014 more than onethird of the adults in the world were overweight, and 500 million were considered obese. The United Nations agency estimates that in 2015, 42 million children under age 5 were either overweight or obese. Almost half of these boys and girls live in Asia
44、and onefourth in Africa.The U. N. agency blames unhealthy diets for a rise in diabetes cases. There are more than 400 million cases of the disease worldwide. The WHO says 1.5 million people die from it every year. It says the use of sugar in food 9products and drinks is a major reason for the increa
45、se in rates of obesity and diabetes.Temo Waqanivalu is with the agency. He told VOA that taxing sugary drinks would reduce consumption and save lives. Waqanivalu noted that Mexico enacted a 10 percent tax on sugary drinks in 2014. He said by the end of the year, there was a 6 percent drop in the con
46、sumption of such drinks. Among poor people, the number of people who consumed sugary drinks dropped by 17 percent.The WHO says people should limit the amount of sugar they consume. It says they should keep their sugar intake to below 10 percent of their total energy needs, and reduce it to less than
47、 5 percent for improved health.语篇解读：本文是说明文。鉴于目前世界肥胖人口数量的增长，世界卫生组织呼吁政府向含糖饮料征税，希望以此来降低其消费量。5Why are taxes on sugary drinks required?ATo limit their use and popularity.BTo readjust the economic structure.CTo warn people to change their lifestyle.DTo ensure the markets diverse development.解析：选 A 细节理解题。根
48、据第一段中的“The World Health Organization (WHO) says the widespread use of sugar in food products and drinks is a major concern in many areas. So WHO officials are calling on governments to require taxes on sugary drinks”可知此举是为了限制含糖饮料的使用及盛行。故选 A。6What do the figures in the second paragraph suggest?AAdult obesity is ignored at present.BObesity is a severe worldwide problem.CObesity can block economic development.DObesity is most serious in developed countries.解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“in 2014 more than onethird of th
