1、1Unit 3一 词汇要点1.determine vt.决定，决心，确定，测定Determination n. 决心，毅力 determined adj. 坚毅的，下决心的 decide同义 v.决定典型用法 be determined to do sth She is a girl of great _ (determine). He is determined _ (face) out the situation. There is a _ (determine) look on his face.2.similar adj. 类似的，相似的Similarly adv. 类似地；同样地 S
2、imilarity n.类似；(可数)相似之处be similar to搭配类似于,与相似 the same .as.近义与相同（1）My opinion is _ yours. The _ between them has often been remarked on. Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise. _，our minds are developed by learning.3.organize v.组织organization n.组织，机构 organizer n.组织者 organized adj. 有组织的 The _
3、 (organize) of such a large-scale party takes a lot of time and energy. The _(organize) think of various ways to amuse the athletes. I will take part in an _ (organize) activity to improve the condition of disadvantaged people in society.4.surprise vt.使惊奇，使诧异 n. 惊奇，诧异Surprised adj. 感到惊讶的 surprising
4、adj. 令人惊讶的surprisedly adv. 惊奇地，惊讶地 surprisingly adv. 令人感到惊奇地典型的用法是：be surprised at 对感到惊讶 to one,s surprise (=surprisingly) 令人感到惊奇地是(1) Everybody here was _ （surprise） the news.(2) I was _ (surprise) the change in him.(3) _ (surprise)，he was so frank that he told me all of his secrets.5transport n.to
5、 go B.staying;to go C.to stay;to going D.staying;to going（2）The little girl go to the cinema rather than at home alone that night.A.preferred;stay B.prefers to;to stay C.preferred to;stay D.prefers to;stay二、Reading Language points1.Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed abou
6、t taking a greatbike trip.1). dream n. v.dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamtdream of/about sth. (vi.)dream adream (vt.)dream that (vt.)dream sb. to be (vt.)1) 他梦想着有一天为自己工作, 没有老板.He working for himself and not having a boss one day.5= He that one day he will work for himself and not have a boss.2) 我做梦也没想到他
7、是个撒谎的人. I never a liar.2. Then she persuade me to buy one.然后她动员我也买了一辆.persuade vt.说服; 劝服; vi.被说服persuade sb. (not) to do sth.persuade sb. into / out of doing sth.我已说服他做这件事。e.g. I persuaded him to do it. = persuade him into doing it. 如果“劝说” 不服, 不能直接用 persuade, 而应用 try to persuade 或 advise, 或者用 persua
8、de 的否定式。e.g. Some of us advised him to change his mind but no one could persuadehim to do so.（2）实例1. I _ him not to smoke, but he didnt think it necessary. A.persuaded B. advised C. hoped D. suggested2. I was able at last to _ my mother to follow my advice. A.suggest B. advise C. persuade D. leave o
9、ff3. While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need.A.to persuade B. persuading C. being persuade D. be persuaded(3) 辨析：advise 表示“ 劝告 ”的动作，不看结果，而 persuade 强调“ 已经说服”；advise 可接动词的-ing形式作宾语，也可接 that 引导的宾语从句（必须用虚拟语气即 should+动词原形）, 而 persuade 不能。My friends advise
10、d him to see a doctor,but he refused all of them.Who can persuade him?我的朋友们建议他去看医生，但他拒绝了所有的人。谁能说服他？3 辨析： Finally/at last/in the endfinally 一般指一系列事物或论点的顺序的最后项内容,或用在动词前, 表示“等了好久 才”, 没有感情色彩.at last 只能指时间位置,不能指时间顺序,在意思上是指经过周折、等待、耽搁到 ”最后、终于”(出现所期待的结果),常常带有较浓厚的感情色彩.in the end 可与 at last 和 finally 通用. 但若出现
11、了非期待中的结果, 用 in the end, 还可以用于预卜未来。1)They talked about it for hours. _ they decided not to go.2)The children arrived home _after the storm.3) My dream will come true4) The war lasted four years before the North won _.5) Your idea will turn out right _.6) _, I want to thank you for helping me.4. It wa
12、s my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.是我姐姐首先想到骑自行车沿湄公河从它的源头行走到入海口。这是一个强调句。强调句的结构是：6It was/is+强调成分 +that-/who-分句如果强调的部分是人,可用 who,也可用 that, 强调其他成分与内容都用 that。强调时间和地点不能用 when 或 where，只用 that。e. g.我看这部电影是在上海。(强调地点状语)It was in Shang
13、hai that I saw the film. 根据上下文和语义意图,说话人可以通过强调句分别强调主语 , 宾语, 状语, 使之成为信息中心。e. g All the members held a meeting in the club yesterday.It was all the members that/who held a meeting in the club yesterday. (强调主语, was 不能换用were)It was a meeting that all the members held in the club yesterday. (强调宾语 a meetin
14、g)It was in the club that all the members held a meeting yesterday. (强调地点状语,that 不可换用where)It was yesterday that all the members held a meeting in the club. (强调时间状语 that 不可换用where)把这个句子的不同成分改成强调句。John gave Mary a handbag at Christmas.高考链接 1.Was it _ that I saw last night at the concert?A. you B. not
15、 you C. that yourself2. It was because of bad weather _ the football match had to be put off.A. so B. so that C. why D. that3 Who is making so much noise in the garden?_ the children.A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are6. Although she didnt know the best way of getting get to places, she ins
16、isted that she organize the trip properly. 尽管她不知道旅行的最佳方式, 但是她还是坚决主张她来合理安排这次旅行。1) although, though 引导让步状语从句不能再和 but, and, however 连用, 但可以和副词 yet, still连用。although 从句多放在句首, though 从句可在主句前，中，后任何位置，而且 though 可以作副词用于句末，作 “但是，不过”讲，而 although 无此用法。考例 _ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has
17、 a lot of experience. A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although点拨D 根据句中的 limited knowledge 和 a lot of experience 构成对比，可知这是一个让步状语从句，故用 although 引导。since 既然； unless 除非； as 因为。2) insist : declare firmly 坚持认为，坚持主张insist on/upon ones doing sth 坚持做,坚决做e.g. I insisted on/upon his coming with us.insist that +从句
18、“坚持说”( 后表示一个事实), 后接的从句用陈述语气, 既按需要选择时态。e.g. He insisted that he hadnt stolen the girls handbag.7insist that sb. (should) do sth. 坚决主张做某事, 后接的宾语从句常用虚拟语气 , 既 “should +v.”e.g. Mary was ill. Her parents insisted that she (should) see a doctor.练习：I insisted that a doctor _ immediately.A has been sent for
19、B. sent for C. will be sent for D. be sent for2.The doctor insisted that I a high fever and that I a rest for a few days. A.had;had B.have;have C.had;have D.have;had3.The man insisted a taxi for me even if/though I told him I lived nearby.A.find B.to find C.on finding D.in finding7. My sister doesnt
20、 care about details. 我姐姐是不会考虑细节的。care about: be worried about 忧虑,关心e.g. 他并不关心我的事情。He doesnt care much about what happens to me.care for sb/sth: look after, love or like 希望, 喜欢, 照顾1) Would you care for a drink?2) He cares for her deeply.3) Who will care for your child if you are out?8. She gave me a
21、determined look the kind that she wouldnt change her mind.她坚定地看了我一眼-这眼神表明她不会改变主意。determine v. 决定, 下定决心, 确定 determine to do sth. =make up ones mind 下定决心e.g. He determined to learn French.be determined to do sth. 决心做e.g. She was determined to go to university.change ones mind 改变某人的主意e.g. No matter wha
22、t you say, I wont change my mind.9. When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5000 meters, she seemed to be excited about it.当我告诉她我们将在海拔 5000 米处开始旅程, 她好像对此很兴奋。本句中的 seem 后面跟了不定式结构，意 为“ 看起来好像 ”。现对 seem 的用法讲解如下： 一seem 常常和不定式，形容词，分词，名词和介词短语搭配。如:1seem+不定式（短语）a)I seemed to h
23、ear a voice in the distance .b)Your advice seems to be doing me a favor .c)I seem to have caught a cold .注意：1seem 后跟不定式（短语）时，要注意不定式所表示动作发生的时间，以此来确定不定式的时态。2 . seem 后不定式的否定式习惯上用 dont 来代替，（放在 seem 前），如：You dont seem to be quite yourself today ( =You seem not be quite yourself today )3.seem +形容词8a) She
24、seems quite happy today.b) The enemy seems powerful but in fact it is weak.注此句式出可看作是 seem+to be+adj 句式的一种简化形式。如例 a 可转换为：She seems to be quite happy today.例 b 可转换为：The enemy seems to be powerful but in fact it is weak.但目前由于英语的发展，seem+to be+形容词结构的用法已越来越少，seem+adj 的结构已趋成型，属口语语体。4Seem+分词a) The situation
25、 seemed quite encouraging.b) The news seems exciting.c) They seems interested in the film.注seem 后用现在分词还是过去分词取决于分词本身的逻辑主语，如句中的主语（盍作的执行者）是分词的逻辑主语，用现在分词，反之用过去分词。5、seem+名词a) She seems a clever girl.b) Her mother seems a teacher.c) It seemed a long time before my turn came.6.seem+介词短语They seemed in high
26、spirits.二、seem 常用于 it 作形式主语的“It seems/seemed that”结构，如：a) It seems that you were lying.b) It seemed that he had been a scientist.c) It seems impossible that he will be here tomorrow.注1 ）在这一句式中，常省去 that，如例 a 可改为：It seems you were lying.2)间或在 seem 后可跟一形容词，如例 c.三、seem 常用于由 as if/though 引导的从句中，如：a) It s
27、eems as if it is going to rain.b) It seems as though our planll be perfect.c) It seems as if he knew nothing about that.d) It seems as if it was/were spring already.注在这种句式中，如从句所叙述的情实现的可能性比较大，从句谓语用陈述语气，如 a,b 两例；若实现的可能性较小，或根本不可能实现，从句的谓语则用虚拟语气，如 c,d 两例。四、seem 通常用在“It seems(seemed)to sb(that)”的结构中，这种结构常
28、用来表示“行为” 的主体，例：a) It seems to us a good chance.b) It seems to the emperor that the people were right.c) It seems to me eveyythingis all right.五、seems 也常用在“there seem(s) to be”句式中，用来代替 be，作句子的谓语。如：a) There seems to be no point in refusing.b) There seemed to be something the matter with him.c) There d
29、oesnt seem to be too much hope of our team beating theirs.注1 ）在这一结构中，seem 表示“ 似乎有”、“看来”的意思，如：9There seem to be a lot of things to do .(=It seems as if there were a lot of things to do.)2)There seem(s) to be +n”这个结构的否定形式为 “There seem(s) to be +no+n.”（如例 a）或（“There doesnt seem to be +n.”（如例 c）.六、seem
30、有时也同人称代词 I 连用，意为“感到好像、觉得似乎”等意，如：a)I seem unable to solve it right now.看来我无法立刻解决它。b)I seem to have seen him somewhere before.我好像以前在什么地方见过他。七、seem 还常常同 like 搭配。如：注这种句式表达的意思同“seem+to be +n.”结构表达的意思基本相同，故两种句式可替换，如：The girl seems like a bird/to be a bird.at an altitude of = at a height of 在海拔 米处e.g. The
31、plane is flying at a height / altitude of 10,000 feet.注意:at 在此处表 “在 处/时, 以”后接年龄, 速度 , 长宽深高, 价格, 费用等 在岁时 _ 以 的价格 _ 在.深度 宽度处 _ 以. 为代价 _ 在距离处 _ 10. When I told her the air would be hard to breath and it would be very cold 当我告诉她将呼吸困难, 天气严寒主语 + be + adj.+ to do sth. 是一常用句式既不定式用主动形式表达被动含义e.g. The problem
32、is really hard to work out.My boss is easy to deal with.注意：不定式和主语之间是逻辑动宾关系，使用及物动词的主动形式，因此不及物动词要加相应的介词。这一结构中的形容词往往是表示心理活动的，接不定式时, 不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语, 主动用 to do, 被动用 to be done;也可以接从句。这类形容词有 surprised, moved, disappointed, pleased, happy, sad, delighted, sorry, interested, glad, worried, etc.11. Finally,
33、I had to give in. 最后, 我只好让步。 give in (to sb./sth.) 屈服于 , 让步 , 递交e.g. He had to give in to my views. Its time you gave in your papers.give up 放弃, 认输 ; give out 筋疲力尽；分配; ; give away 捐赠, 泄露练一练1) After the long trip, both the men and the horses _.2) Because of his small salary, he had to _ his dream tri
34、p to Europe.3) Seeing that he could not persuade me, he had to _ my view.4) He _ most of his fortune to the poor.5) Please keep the secret, dont _ it _.比较：1) He would rather die than give in.2) Wang Kun had to give in because he knew his sister well.3) Please give your examination papers in ( to the
35、 teacher) when youve finished.选择题-Smoking is bad for your health -Yes,I know. But I simply cant _.A. give it up B. give it out C. give it in D. give it away12. It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, traveling across western Yunnan Province 穿过深谷流经云南省西部时它变成急流. 辨析: Across；through ； over p
36、rep. 穿过across 常表示从一定范围的一边到另一边或事物交叉位置, “横穿, 横跨” 表面, 含义与 on 有关10through 表达两边穿过或穿过空间内部, 含义与 in 有关over 表示 “越过 ” 是指越过较高的物体从一侧到另一侧e.g. She swam _the river.The river flows _the city from west to east.Walk _the square and go _the gate, then youll come to the cafe.The thief climbed _the wall and ran away.acr
37、oss ； through ；across ； through ；over实例：The new railway winds its way to Hong Kong, _ mountains _ tunnels and _ rivers.A.across; over; through B. over; across; . throughC. over; through; across D. through; over; across9.A determined person always tries to finish the job,no matter how hard it is.有决心的
38、人总是努力完成工作，而不管它有多难。No matter how 引导让步状语从句，意为“无论多么”，how 后紧跟 形容 词或 副 词，此处相当于 however+形容词/副词。易混辨异疑问词+ever，no matter+疑问词（1）whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever 可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句，引导让步状语从句时，可以换成 no matter what/which/who/whom,位置可以在主句前，也可以在主句后。（2）wherever,whenever,however 常引导让步状语从句，可以换成 no mattewhere/when
39、/how,可放在主句前或主句后。(3)however 引导让步状语从句常与倒装结合起来。这时，however 起双重作用，一是引导让步状语从句，二是修饰某一个形容词或副词，而这个形容词或副词要紧接在它之后。即学即用（1）我告诉他什么时候想回来就回来。I told him to come back . （2）无论在何地，你总是会受到欢迎的。You are always welcome .答案：1.no matter when/whenever he would like to；2.no matter where/ wherever you are写出下列单词的正确形式:1. He is plan
40、ning his work _ (进度表) for the following week.2. They took many pictures of the _ (瀑布) yesterday.3. What is the _ (海拔) of this mountain?4. I think you dont know your own _. In fact, no one is perfect.5. He is so s_ that nobody can change his mind.6. Do you know where the s_ of the Changjiang River is
41、?7.We are looking for someone who is (可靠的) and hard-working.8.We tried to p him to give up smoking,but he just wouldnt listen.9.Though with great difficulty, I finished all my work f .10.Excuse me,what is the f to London?Is $5 enough? 11.The captain kept a j when he was at sea.He wrote down everythi
42、ng that happened.12.Your main d is your lack of job experience.1.课文原文 Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one .112. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River fromwhere it begins to where it ends.3. Although she did
43、nt know the best way of getting to places,she insisted that sheorganize the trip properly.4.:lWhen I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5,000 metres,she seemed to be excited about it.5. It makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains rice grows.高考连接1T
44、he CDs are on sale!Buy one and you get completely free. A.other B.others C.one D.ones2Ive read another book this week.Well,maybe is not how much you read but what you read that counts.3 the police thought he was themost likely one,since they had no exactproof about it,they could not arrest him. A.Al
45、though B.As long as C.If only D.As soon as4 building supplies to construct these energy-saving houses.It took brains, too. A.other than B.more than C.rather than D.less than5What do you think of teaching,Bob?I find it fun and challenging.It is a job you are doing something serious but interesting. A
46、.where B.which C.when D.that单元复习与巩固第一部分、基础练习I词汇1. Jan travels worldwide a lot with his parents. Now he becomes greatly interested in writing j_.2. When I was a child, I d_ of becoming a scientist.3. She tried to p_ him to give up smoking, but he wouldnt listen.4. She wont do what I ask - shes very s_.5. Although we were very tired, we all i_ that we not rest until we finished the work.6. I am d_ to do better in English this term.7. Its his home, so he is f_ with the street.8. The songs were r_ by the radio company.9. You havent done the job p_ youl
