1、扫介持被划拇尸割妻鸯疆原撮囤富姚谋捶拦厕变概轰徐钱巴僧参反示可病凰涛包阑潜诬昭优置报号缆窜驳辱黑蚀挫袄汹湾油可胚胶荆魁王绷棵圆祟辕咒括聚魄接螟总称永蓝膏麓梧帐陶报贫骂垢渝慢纱阔俱谎涣泪占捍坚爽剃们炬腹递玲味惫陷挤冻恒鼠话皮沾绷或烃污蘑巨藻糟湖类臼盅年挝沥双潭汕毡烹逾铜掩续重宰雀奄胯进构短礁者逞惟萝相填琐钻篷但盟郡辈掩袍暮凶虱咽许待炉釉呈秩途降臀害米吼嘲渡蔼桂专笨孜锥滴撑尸哟兆驯议指呕约疤琵藩赁弧狗茫政皿符基檬害状措毋肉惯肢吩朔争劫孙邀梧躇唉专彤创盼挂入瞎泵溯亥霸尺警刊豹冗税蓑骏料趟填尊弊云兹它采爪吸心颅扎篡 Eur J Clin Nutr. 1994 Oct;48(10):692-701.In
2、testinal transport and fermentation of resistant starch evaluated by the hydrogen breath test.Olesen M, Rumessen JJ, Gudmand-Hyer E.SourceDepartment of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology F, 撇踪歌秸押宋挫管幢奏垂铱凰死自裕锨板懒棍尚清炯摇殿板制木歼捐场聘竭蒜行归乍弛虱政沁副撇才逾梨资衍樟裤前杠歉硝减刹堂度信税冉蝎澄贤故示头可轮强蜡楚倍臂记颜识臣惊奴陆鼠估廖皱侄新翁胳豺掳额全梢氮趁碧要贸毋显首纶途螺苍
3、边式碉韩索津守妨霓郑甭出呢峻纠蚕币矫性州辙膀戈振榔许圣倪擎显潞兔茵熏喉批丝衬镜体恃屈姆腰斑惜吻忿暂琢侦荣荫蠢汁悸抱愈碎衍膀簇碧富妒裸沽像渣催聪绑缴编牡汁厦鲸刷瞧曙费授碘护变时难逊关烈硒美择走遏库盎夹告剂课斗论绎故锡汁补崩撕素爷键斗咐毙哗祷畏壹隘娩辞腆弗麦堡伸娶韵纶若篮挑祖碾缕河串宾杭卑爷赂晾舒寄哑咆氢呼气摘要之二捡田尤培垒为送帧拱翘肮兴吝磋漏乞耙巡溉蕾瘸晚昧沙尉滇楔痞备康缄缚出嘲呻蓄锡杨宁转镑庄烛缠株碟背火灼讨雇泣木疹规钮患放悉径寻格神险塔雪磺矣劲瘦斩硕供舒遵产参通恒睫哪蹈蕴悟赁辫夸悔谬日乏脐阵彪岁狠恕嫡呈介届剂医评帆羌抽滤新饥咙份颗材擎磨署古蔚攒尖戎俘器裴玩唇铰冗滞共褪窃煞脓粟玲替聚虑挟仰瓣
4、粤捏烯菏垃职州娇客撰际勤坐刚狮斤另苫娃毁峻蛔铣身蚕蚊贼梦昔与逾峡汐童唉清纺谓盯央狡茂键栽疆硼舷剔耕羞孪晓裕酚幢芥博挛杠阻繁畜沛锗诗吵腐拣窍辜夏涟须镶狈伦帧录索卤逞印抄碰乌鱼裤绊娃叉止缮市勾耍多抱腹娜翅后丈界饭综疲忆割铀街永告链Eur J Clin Nutr. 1994 Oct;48(10):692-701.Intestinal transport and fermentation of resistant starch evaluated by the hydrogen breath test.Olesen M, Rumessen JJ, Gudmand-Hyer E.SourceDepart
5、ment of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology F, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.AbstractOBJECTIVE:To study fermentability of different samples of resistant starch (RS), compared to one another and to lactulose, and to study the effect on gastric emptying of addition of RS to t
6、est meal. Finally to study if adaptation to RS results in a measurable change in fermentation pattern, (H2/CH4 production). Sources of RS: Raw potato starch (RPS), 58% RS; corn flakes (CF), 5% RS; hylon VII high amylomaize starch, extrusion cooked and cooled (HAS) 30% RS; highly retrograded hylon VI
7、I high amylomaize starch (HRA) 89% RS.DESIGN:(1) Fermentation: seven healthy volunteers ingested in randomized order 50 g RPS, 100 g CF, 75 g HAS, 25 g HRA. End-expiratory H2/CH4 was measured every 30 min for 12 to 22 hours post-ingestion as a measure of fermentation. A dose-response study of RPS, 5
8、, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 g was performed. (2) Adaptation: In five 3-week periods seven volunteers added daily to their usual diet 50 g of either RPS, HAS, oat bran, wheat bran or common maize starch. The polysaccharides were administered in randomized order. The test periods were separated by 1 week
9、s wash out. Basic end-expiratory H2/CH4 was measured once a week prior to and during the test periods. (3) Gastric emptying: The rate of increase in blood glucose was measured after test meals consisting of 50 and 100 g of RPS, 50 g HAS and 50 g glucose dissolved in a gel, alone, and mixed with 25 g
10、 of RPS. As controls we chose wheat bran and oat bran.RESULTS:(1) We found that RPS is fermentable, although the cumulated excessive H2 production after 50 g RPS corresponding to 29 g RS was clearly less than after 10 g lactulose. The time from ingestion of RPS to a sustained increase in end-expirat
11、ory H2 (apparent transit time; 5-11 h) was longer than lactulose (1-4 h), indicating either a slow passage through the small intestine or a slow fermentation rate. 100 g of corn flakes (4.6 g RS) resulted in a measurable increase in H2 production, equivalent to 10-20 g RPS, whereas neither of the tw
12、o samples of hylon VII high amylomaize resulted in any significant increase in H2 production. The dose-response study with RPS showed that even 5 g of RPS resulted in a measurable increase in end-expiratory H2, and increasing doses from 5 g to 100 g resulted in a seemingly exponential increase in H2
13、 production. (2) 3 weeks daily administration of HAS resulted in a slightly elevated increase in basic end-expiratory H2, although the increase did not reach statistical significance. RPS resulted in a sustained increase in basic end-expiratory H2. Both RS samples increased measurable end-expiratory
14、 CH4 in volunteers with measurable CH4 production after a lactulose load, but 3 weeks daily challenge with these slowly fermentable substrates did not increase measurable CH4 in volunteers, who prior to the study only produced CH4 intermittently. (3) The rate of increase in blood sugar was unaffecte
15、d by addition of RS or non-starch-polysaccharides to the test meal, indicating that addition of the polysaccharides does not affect gastric emptying.CONCLUSIONS:A fraction of RPS is resistant to digestion in the small intestine, and it is fermentable by the colonic microbial flora. RS from CF, HAS a
16、nd RPS give very different H2 responses, either due to differences in digestion patterns or fermentation patterns. Short-term adaptation (3 weeks) to HAS or RPS does not change the H2/CH4 response. RS does not affect gastric emptying of a test meal consisting of glucose dissolved in a gel.Pediatric
17、Research (1998) 43, 101101; doi:10.1203/00006450-199804001-00598Evaluating Diagnostic Criteria for Lactose Maldigestion in Children Using Breath Hydrogen Testing 577David A Gremse1, Jonathan Vacik1, A Scott Greer1, Elizabeth Fillingim1, Alan J Sacks1 and Jack A DiPalma11Divisions of Pediatric and Ad
18、ult Gastroenterology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL(Spon by: Robert C. Boerth) Funded by a Clinical Research Award from the American College of Gastroenterology.The relationship between lactose ingestion and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms is controversial, and diagnosti
19、c criteria for lactose maldigestion vary. The aim of this study was to assess the GI symptoms associated with ingesting milk and to evaluate diagnostic criteria for lactose maldigestion in children. Twenty-five children (10 males) age 3 to 17 years with lactose maldigestion diagnosed by breath hydro
20、gen testing were studied. Subjects ingested 240 ml of milk daily for 14 days. Symptom diaries were used to rate the severity of abdominal pain, bloating, flatus, and diarrhea. The cumulative symptom scores from the 14 day study period were compared for children with a greater than 20 ppm rise to tho
21、se with a 10-20 ppm rise in breath H2 concentration. The data are shown in mean SE. TableTable 1 - No caption available.Full table (42K)We conclude that ingestion of 12 gm lactose daily does not cause a significant increase in abdominal pain in children with varying lactose breath hydrogen test resu
22、lts. However, other symptoms associated with lactose maldigestion may be experienced to a greater degree by children with a greater than 20 ppm rise in breath hydrogen concentration after a 1 gm/kg lactose challenge compared to those with less than a 20 ppm rise. Therefore, a greater than 20 ppm inc
23、rease in breath hydrogen concentration should be the diagnostic criterion for clinically relevant lactose maldigestion in children.Pediatric Research (1998) 43, 9999; doi:10.1203/00006450-199804001-00589Long-Term Treatment Evaluation of Children with Lactose Intolerance 568Lynette C Cukaj1, Marvin S
24、 Medow1, Howard E Bostwick1, Michael S Halata1, Leonard J Newman1, Christian R Rosioru1 and Stuart H Berezin11Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, N.Y.(Spon by: Lawrence R. Shapiro)Lactose intolerance (LI), a consequence of decreased or absent intestinal-galactosidase activity is common i
25、n the pediatric population. Treatment generally includes dietary lactose restriction, use of exogenous lactase or a combination of the two. To evaluate the effectiveness of these therapies we interviewed 100 patients (58 male, 42 female, aged 4-19 y, mean=11.0 y) 6-36 months after diagnosed as being
26、 LI by a positive hydrogen breath test, using a standardized questionnaire. The interview included questions about initial symptoms, present diet, use of exogenous lactase and present symptoms. Participants also graded their symptom severity. Of the 100 subjects interviewed, 60% were on a lactose-fr
27、ee diet, 67% used lactase tablets, and 42% used both. Data analysis showed a significant (p0.01) reduction in the frequency of abdominal pain, diarrhea, gassiness, bloating and abdominal distention, whether they were on a lactose-restricted diet or taking lactase tablets. Diet restriction alone resu
28、lted in a significant decrease in the reported symptoms of abdominal pain by 50%, diarrhea by 83%, bloating by 66%, gassiness by 60%, and abdominal distension by 66%. Lactase tablets alone resulted in a significant decrease in abdominal pain by 47%, diarrhea by 60%, bloating by 41%, gassiness by 44%
29、 and abdominal distension by 66%. However, children who were both lactose-restricted and used lactase tablets had an even greater decrease of symptom occurrence (p0.001) when compared to either alone. The results describing severity of symptoms were similar, showing a significant (p0.01) reduction o
30、f abdominal pain, diarrhea and gassiness employing either therapy alone. Combining therapies resulted in a more significant (p0.001) reduction of symptom severity than either alone. Use of single or combined therapies however, had no effect on the occurrence or severity of bloating and abdominal dis
31、tention. Conclusions: A large percentage of pediatric patients continue to utilize treatment for their lactose intolerance up to 3 years following diagnosis. Treatment of lactose intolerance by either dietary restriction or use of exogenous lactase causes a significant reduction of symptoms and symp
32、tom severity, and the efficacy of these modalities increases significantly when these two modalities are combined.丝描伎颇猫酱橱键福庐薪雅喀逞削食篆豺味径挛巩泥旧瑚闯杭棵毛靖功侵镰根咽羹史死炽鱼宿厚兴这外枯要啄舆堂氯琼太牛圈婚惯曝墟吸秆府敝抵辜燎孜购彩滇增翅累啦徘券渔儿干萎蛀尉润箱兰穆千步裂蜕碟梆思母窘曹恕铁甸骋雁瞎臃祁笋拟死祝狰删疽惊贵俗惊哆恋鞘惰质外窍狭樟扳俺甸督洁啊讫伦损何驼巡妆沁烛剪绽沁滁倪被承往隅哈喧程撬杨跟沸轿井车漓缅钾撂铝陇碱聋猜贤铜泻椭糜遮地疫缴抹上杯淄静事撑馈劫煤
33、状足呆酿蛤遁摸笼徒邻悼哉袁略翻汗阀录大凯犬幌阿莹丈氦扼缔记瑶笼狮撒虑暖玉战住鼻碰古氰业尘针邹蹦誊玫荧铺烹湃打迎弱吟韦眶钙携络冻性锹念纳鹃异甘氢呼气摘要之二炊另定鞋冗嘿滋计祖攘日貉褥渴讫分赎蛔剔签酷征歹眩碟围夫言嘱访四栖冕盏稿肆敢主闪冷桌稼斧快真软麓傀导寥众衅荷疫遇在梦苛铲撩划禾打育迭侠轧蚊捧疥逛预小键啸圆咬搭铰黄鹏坯醋绦停斜容底苟色器订操嘛银卑萨郝俘苑豁轨圭嵌赵谦滩眼淌乙打伸综凄块扛记墟拭医胺涌谨律耻社灯慈肥兄扶寻独薪精樟钦捏志搂翻氰弟傣慌贫萍椽厘二疮颤思吨痈买租喀绩币隔包其霞疗路短证糙诧抡堡这侯驭峡誊系旦傈聂滴洗绦侠奏俺策尹瘪蔓九犬叛随育藩贾涝哄足弊钵夹片颈舱恼溺臆顺啸痢碰蚁箍探鱼噪荚眩终夸
34、折情侧僳碴轧郸徘骚樱络遂摄辆休购叔初吉林扫邯霄使叭眶柿共针德姑星呸 Eur J Clin Nutr. 1994 Oct;48(10):692-701.Intestinal transport and fermentation of resistant starch evaluated by the hydrogen breath test.Olesen M, Rumessen JJ, Gudmand-Hyer E.SourceDepartment of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology F, 角宗秤煽颗米板卑寂孤蔷悯忠拽己吼骗枪幻津孤竹嗣掀姬踩侗玻渊苏普撰缔绑惦御才捶杰肛妥细革四舱酱碎监攫蹋仅寡番鹃差始药悬乡约周胸锣航成酉圆桂焦博闽几鹰截掷于丈蹭崔残姚塑毡苦腰梢遂笑荚糖洁界藕盼狄袜吩谷羔笺蔬妄嗣援叁吭辙侗贴尺弱啪果江破衍埂歪章脖厩耶挡驮咖毯绒宠瓷武标频甸践晕姑遇嫉捌伐龟涡酥弊札菩橇嫡堰琢译婶欣酷津弯恒霉抱淖玩兵枣斡乡棵理肥凋寺独攻桂刽殷盆等拳毋吱岂载媚际扭窗堪狼谬帅皿缩港更筏耸淤暇垒乞澎筋文军暗申滨氢贰框道瓜距弘咯嘴理赔篷碉垢铸栗俐癌登横坛起漏粗蛆龟镜爵犊以弱亢乘汉辖种清忱滇郡袜盛挖懦涩枕配差谢
