1、- 1 -初中英语词汇表注:n 名词 v 动词 adj 形容词adv 副词 prep 介词 conj 连词phr.短语 num 数词 pron 代名词第一册 1-8331 what hwt pron 什么2 is iz v 是3 whats hwts what is 的缩写形式4 your ju pron 你的,你们的5 name neim n 名字6 my mai pron 我的7 I ai pron 我8 am m v 是9 Im aim I am 的缩写形式10 in in prep 在.里(内,上)11 row ru n (一)排,(一)行12 one wn num 一13 numbe
2、r nmb n 数字,号码14 two tu: num 二15 too tu: adv 也16 three ri: num 三17 are : v 是18 you ju: pron 你,你们19 yes jes adv 是20 four f: num 四21 five faiv num 五22 no nu adv 件.)59 pencil pensl n 铅笔60 ruler ru:l n 尺子61 pen pen n 钢笔62 sharpener :pnn 卷笔刀63 eraser ireis n 橡皮擦64 room ru:m n 房间65 book buk n 书66 map mp n
3、地图67 desk desk n 书桌68 cup kp n 杯子69 bag bg n 书包70 computerkmpju:tn电脑,电子计算机71 mouse mausn 鼠,耗子,鼠标72 bed bed n 床73 keyboard ki:b:d n 键盘74 isnt iznt is not 的缩写形式75 pear p n 梨76 cake keik n 蛋糕,饼,糕77 banana bn:n n 香蕉78 apple pl n 苹果79 orange :rind n 橙子,橘子80 egg eg n 蛋81 bike baik n 自行车82 bus bs n 公共汽车83
4、car k: n 汽车,小汽车84 jeep di:p n 吉普车85 Chinesetaini:zadj 中国的,中国人的;n 中国人,汉语n 中国人,汉语86 Japanese,dpni:zadj 日本的,日本人n日本人,日语87 look luk v 瞧,看- 2 -88 who hu: pron 谁89 she i: pron 她90 he hi: pron 他91 bird b:d n 鸟92 Its its pron 它的93 dodu:v.aux(构成否定句,疑问句的助动词)94 dont dunt do not 的缩写形式95 know nu v 知道,懂得96 think i
5、k v 想,认为97 Mr=mister mist n 先生(用于姓名前)98 very veri adv 很,非常99 picture pikt n 图画,照片100 Mrs msz n 夫人101 boy bi n 男孩102 girl g:l n 女孩103 woman wumn n 妇女,女人104 man mn n 男人,人105 cat kt n 猫106 his hiz pron 他的107 teacher ti:t n 教师108 her h: pron 她的109 everyone evriwn pron 每人,人人110 here hi adv 这里,这儿111 today
6、 tdei adv 仔细的416 carefully kfli adv 小心地;仔细地417 draw dr: v 画;绘制418 has hz v(动词 have的单数第三人称)有419 face feis n 脸;面孔420 eye ai n 眼睛421 ear i n 耳朵422 leg leg n 腿423 hand hnd n 手424 long l adj 长的425 short :t adj 短的 ;矮的426 mouth mau n 嘴427 say sei v 说;讲428 tick tik n (钟表等滴嗒的)声音429 heavy hevi adj 重的430 empty
7、 empti adj 空的431 certainly s:tnli adv 当然432 full ful adj 满的433 be full (of) phr. 充满的434 carry kri v 携带;搬运;运送435 too tu: adv 太436 so su adv 这么;那么437 listen to phr. 听438 tape teip n 磁带439 there int 好啦(表示安慰)440 all :l adj 整个;所有的441 basket b:skit n 篮子442 bottle btl n 瓶443 a bottle of phr. 一瓶.444 juice d
8、u:s n (水果;蔬菜;肉等的)汁;水汁445 head hed n 头;头部446 nose nuz n 鼻子447 hair h n 头发448 arm :m n 手臂;胳膊449 foot fut n 脚(pl.feet)450 wardrobe w:drub n 衣柜- 6 -451 day dei n 日;天452 from frm prep 从.起453 America merikn n 美国454 zoo zu: n 动物园455 away wei adv 离开456 put away phr. 把.什么收起来(放好)457 out aut adv 在外458 come out
9、 phr. 出来459 sock sk n 短袜460 other adj 别的;其他的461 wrong r: adj 不正确的;错误的462 broken brukn adj 弄坏了的463 so su pron 这样;如此464 catch kt v 捉;抓住465 get down phr. 下来;落下466 him him pron 他(宾格)467 right rait adv 正好;恰好;正确468 goodness gudnis n 善良;美德469 plane plein n 飞机470 with wi prep 对;关于471 mend mend v 修补;修理472 kn
10、ife naif n (pl.knives) 小刀473 robot rubt n 机器人474 body bdi n 身体475 broke brukv(动词 breakbreik的过去时)折断;打破476 lost lst adj 丢失的;丢去的477 tell tel v 告诉;讲述478 round raund adj 球形的 ;圆的479 mummy mmi n (口语)妈妈480 pleasure ple n 愉快;高兴481 food fu:d n 食物482 drink drik n 浇水486 eat i:t v 吃487 rice rais n 米饭;大米488 bread
11、 bred n 面包489 meat mi:t n 肉490 tea ti: n 茶491 milk milk n 牛奶492 glass gl:s n 玻璃杯493 a glass of phr. 一(玻璃)杯494 would like phr.想要(语气婉转地表示请求等)495 something smipro 某事(物)某东西496 porridge prid n 粥;稀饭497 fish fi n 鱼498 dumpling dmpli n 饺子499 fruit fru:t n 水果500 piece pi:s n 一张(片;张)501 a piece of phr. 一片(一张、
12、块)502 hamburger hmb:g n 汉堡包503 noodle nu:dl n 面条504 potato pteitu n pl.potatoes 马铃薯;土豆505 chips tip n (口语 )炸士豆儿条506 coke kuk n (口语)可口可乐507 coffee kfi n 咖啡508 madam mdm n 夫人;女士509 dear di adj 亲爱的;可爱的510 ice ais n 冰511 cream kri:m n 奶油;乳脂512 ice cream n 冰淇淋513 USA n 美国514 different difrnt adj 不同的515 v
13、egetable veditbl n 蔬菜516 sometimes smtaimz adv 有时517 sport sp:t n 运动518 come on phr. 来;过来519 ouch aut int (突然感到病痛时发出的声音)啊呀520 be good at phr. 在.方面(学得,做得)好; 善于521 basketball bskitb:l n 蓝球522 easy i:zi adj 容易的523 pass p:s v 传递524 try trai v 试(做);设法;努力525 yo-yo juju n 溜溜球 (一种玩具)526 go gu n 尝试(做某事)527 t
14、hrow ru v 投,掷528 hard h:d adj 困难的529 ride raid v 骑(自行车,马等)530 swim swim v 游泳531 skate skeit v 滑冰,溜冰532 fly flai v 放(风筝,飞机模型等)533 card k:d n 纸牌,卡片534 volleyball vli,b:l n 排球535 jump dmp v 跳536 sing si v 唱,唱歌537 run rn v 跑538 high hai adj 闭566 take photos phr. 照象567 wear w v 穿568 Sunday sndi n 星期日569
15、park p:k n 公园570 toy ti n 玩具;玩物571 lake leik n 湖572 clear kli adj 清晰的;清楚的;明亮的573 shop p n 商店574 closed kluzd adj 关着的575 day dei n 日,一天576 Friday fraidi n 星期五577 early :li adj 可能;也许581 borrow bru v 借582 from frm prep 从;从起583 Thursday :zdi n 星期四584 week wi:k n 周;星期585 Monday mndei n 星期一586 Saturday st
16、di n 星期六587 Sunday sndi n 星期日588 heyheiint嘿;喂(唤起注意.表示惊讶或询问)589 dictionary dikneri n 字典;词典590 back bk adv 回(原处) ;向后591 tomorrow tm:run在明天592 CD n 激光唱片(缩写词)593 lot lt n 许多594 a lot phr. 非常595 give.a hand phr. 给予.帮助596 evening i:vni n 傍晚;晚上597 fromto phr. 从到598 after class phr. 课后599 help.with phr. 帮助(
17、某人)做(某事)600 model mdl n 模型;模范 ;样式601 park p:k n 公园602 rest rest n 休息603 have a (good) rest phr. 休息604 maths ms n (英式拼法)数学605 math m n (美式拼法)数学606 all :l adv 全体;全部607 hard h:d adv 努力608 fun fn adj 有趣的;愉快的609 yeah j adv (口语)是的;嗯610 take teik v 花费(时间)611 straight streit adj 直的612 use ju:z v 用;使用;应用613
18、wheel hwi:l n 轮;机轮614 into intu: prep 到.里;向内615 music mju:zik n 音乐;乐曲616 boat but v 划船617 lake leik n 湖618 into intu: prep 到.里,向内619 worried wrid adj 担心的,烦恼的620 save seiv v 救,挽救,节省621 ticket tikit n 票,券622 New York nju:leid n 纽约623 learn l:n v 学,学习624 learn.from phr. 向.学习625 meeting mi:ti n 会,会议626
19、bring bri v 带来,拿来627 foreign frin adj 外国的628 difference difrns n 不同,差异629 each i:t adv 自以来1695 ever since phr. 从那时起;此后一直1696 part-timep:ttaimadj业余 时间1697 although :lu conj 虽然;尽管1698 fit fit adj 随时1736 produce prdju:s v 产生;生产;制造1737 wherever hwrev conj 发出咔哒声1773 pity piti n 遗憾的事,可惜的事1774 score sk: n
20、blownblun,blow 的过去分词) blu v 吹1984 sand snd n 沙,沙子1985 towards tw:dz prep 向,朝1986 farmland f:mlnd n 农田1987 point pint v 指,指向1988 point to pint t phr. 指向1989 far away phr. 很远,遥远1990 thanks to ks t phr. 由于,幸亏1991 the more the better phr.越多越好1992 correct krekt adj 改正1993 hand in phr. 交上来1994 more or les
21、s phr. 多少有点,或多或少1995 grand grnd adj 豪华的,庄重的,雄伟的1996 hall h:l n 大厅,会堂,会馆1997 notice nutis n 通告,布告1998 audience :dins n 听众1999 slipper slip n (常用复数)拖鞋,便鞋2000 height hait n 高度2001 beeper bi:p n 袖珍无线电传呼机,电话呼叫机2002 someday smdei adv (今后)有一天2003 printer print n 打印机2004 print print v 打印2005 document dkjumn
22、t n 公文,文件2006 connect knekt v 连接,相连,联系2007 modem mudem n 调制解调器2008 provide prvaid v 提供2009 monitor mnit n 显示器2010 point at phr. 指示,指向2011 universe ju:niv:s n 宇宙2012 man-made mnmeid adj 人造的,人工的2013 satellite stlait n 卫星2014 space speis n 空间,太空2015 spaceship speisip n 宇宙飞船2016 send send v 送,寄,派(遣)2017
23、 send up phr. 发射,把往上送2018 receive risi:v v 接受,收到,得到2019 shut t v 关(门等)2020 shut down t daun phr. 把关上2021 woolen wulin adj 羊毛的,毛织的2022 impossible impsbl adj 不可能的2023 mind maind n stolenstulnsteal的过去分词) sti:l v 偷,窃取2154 hands up phr. 举手2155 shoot(shott,shoot 的过去式和过去分词)u:t v 射击,射死2156 detective ditekti
24、v n 侦探2157 inspector inspekt n 警官,监督员2158 thief i:f n 贼2159 notice nutis v 注意,通知2160 robber rb n 强盗,盗贼2161 come down km daun phr. 下来,落2162 escape iskeip n & v 逃亡,逃走,逃避2163 victim viktim n 受害者,受骗者2164 conversation ,knvsein n 会话,谈话2165 robbery rbri n 抢劫案,抢劫2166 description diskripn n 描述,描写2167 excusei
25、kskju:s n 借口,托词2168 steep sti:p adj 陡峭的,险峻的2169 British briti adj 英国人的2170 misty misti adj 有雾的,雾大的2171 mist mist n 雾2172 wonder wnd v 惊奇,惊讶(对. . . . )感到怀2173 club klb n 俱乐部,社团2174 expert eksp:t n 专家,内行2175 trap trp v 使陷入困境,设陷阱捕捉2176 tent tent n 帐篷2177 freeze fri:z (froze fruz, frozen fruzn) v 结冰,凝结2
26、178 alive laiv adj 活着的2179 anytime enitaim adv 在任何时候2180 progress prures v 进步,提高,前进2181 self-respect selfrispekt n 自尊,自重2182 essential isenl adj 本质的,主要的,必需的初中英语语法大全语法网络图一名词I.名词的种类:专有名词 普通名词可数名词 不可数名词国名地名人名,团体机构名称个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词- 27 -II. 名词的数:1. 规则名词的复数形式:名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加-s 或-es 。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下:规
27、则 例词1 一般情况在词尾加-s map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days2 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的名词后加-es class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes变-f 和-fe为 v 再加-esleaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves3以-f或-fe 结尾的词 加-schief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs4以辅音字母加 y结尾的名词,变y 为 i 加-es
28、party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities5以元音字母加 y结尾的名词,或专有名词以 y 结尾的,加-stoy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys一般加-esNegro-Negroes, hero-heroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes不少外来词加-spiano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos6以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词 两者皆可 zer
29、o-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos7 以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos8 以-th 结尾的名词加-s truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,2. 不规则名词复数:英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,现归纳如下:规则 例词1 改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice 2 单复数相同 sheep, de
30、er, means, works, fish, yuan, jin, 3 只有复数形式 trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, 4 一些集体名词总是用作复数 people, police5 部分集体名词既可以作单数(整体)也可以作 class, family, crowd, couple, group, 复数(成员) government, population, team, public, party6 复数形式表示特别含义customs(海关), times(时代 ), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩 ),
31、papers(文件报纸), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜)加-sAmericans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans单复数同形 Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese7表示“某国人”以-man 或-woman 结尾的改为-men,-womenEnglishmen, Frenchwomen将主体名词变为复数sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复
32、数grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches8 合成名词将两部分变为复数women singers, men servantsIII. 名词的所有格:名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种:一是名词词尾加s 构成,二是由介词 of 加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西,后者多表示无生命的东西。1. s 所有格的构成:单数名词在末尾加sthe boys father, Jacks book, her son-in-laws photo,一般在末尾加the teachers room, the twins mother, 复数名词 不规则复数名词后加s
33、the childrens toys, womens rights, 以 s 结尾的人名所有格加s 或者Dickens novels, Charless job, the Smiths house表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须加sJapans and Americas problems, Janes and Marys bikes表示共有的所有关系时在最后一词末加sJapan and Americas problems, Jane and Marys father表示某人家店铺,所有格后名词省略the doctors, the barbers, the tailors, my uncle
34、s- 28 -2. s 所有格的用法: 表示时间 todays newspaper, five weeks holiday 2 表示自然现象 the earths atmosphere, the trees branches3表示国家城市等地方的名词the countrys plan, the worlds population, Chinas industry4 表示工作群体 the ships crew, majoritys view, the teams victory5 表示度量衡及价值 a miles journey, five dollars worth of apples6与人类
35、活动有特殊关系的名词the lifes time, the plays plot7 某些固定词组 a birds eye view, a stones throw, at ones wits end(不知所措)3. of 所有格的用法:用于无生命的东西:the legs of the chair, the cover of the book用于有生命的东西,尤其是有较长定语时:the classrooms of the first-year students用于名词化的词:the struggle of the oppressed 二冠词冠词分为不定冠词(a, an ),定冠词(the ),和
36、零冠词。I.不定冠词的用法:1 指一类人或事,相当于 a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly.2 第一次提及某人某物,非特指 A boy is waiting for you.3 表示“每一”相当于 every,one We study eight hours a day.4 表示“相同”相当于 the same We are nearly of an age.5用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were outThat boy is rather
37、a Lei Feng.6 用于固定词组中A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7用于 quite, rather, many, half, what, such 之后This room is rather a big one.8 用于 so(as, too, how)+形容词之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.II. 定冠词的用法:1 表示某一类人或物 The horse is a useful animal.2 用于世
38、上独一无二的事物名词前 the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean3表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Would you mind opening the door? 4 用于乐器前面 play the violin, play the guitar5 用于形容词和分词前表示一类人 the reach, the living, the wounded6 表示“一家人”或“夫妇” the Greens, the Wangs7用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前He is the taller of the two children.8用于国家党派等以
39、及江河湖海,山川群岛的名词前the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French9 用于表示发明物的单数名词前 The compass was invented in China.10在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代in the 1990s11 用于表示单位的名词前 I hired the car by the hour.12用于方位名词,身体部位名词,及表示时间的词组前He patted me on the shoulder.III. 零冠词的用法:1专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前Beijing Univ
40、ersity, Jack, China, love, air2名词前有 this, my, whose, some, no, each, every 等限制I want this book, not that one. /Whose purse is this?3季节,月份,星期,节假日,一日三餐前March, Sunday, National Day, spring4 表示职位,身份,头衔的名词前 Lincoln was made President of America.5 学科,语言,球类,棋类名词前 He likes playing football/chess.6 与 by 连用表示
41、交通工具的名词前 by train, by air, by land- 29 -7 以 and 连接的两个相对的名词并用时 husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night8 表示泛指的复数名词前 Horses are useful animals.三代词:I.代词可以分为以下七大类:主格 I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they1人称代词宾格 me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them形容词性 my, your, his, her, its, our, their2物主代词名词性 mine
42、, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs3 反身代词myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves4 指示代词 this, that, these, those, such, some5 疑问代词 who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever6 关系代词 that, which, who, whom, whose, asone/ some/ any, each/ every, no
43、ne/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a little, 7 不定代词other/ another, all/ both, neither/ eitherII. 不定代词用法注意点:1. one, some 与 any:1) one 可以泛指任何人,也可特指,复数为ones。some 多用于肯定句,any 多用于疑问句和否定句。One should learn to think of others.Have you any bookmarks? No, I dont have any bookmarks.I have some questions to
44、 ask. 2) some 可用于疑问句中,表示盼望得到肯定的答复,或者表示建议,请求等。Would you like some bananas?Could you give me some money?3) some 和 any 修饰可数名词单数时,some 表示某个,any 表示任何一个。I have read this article in some magazine.Please correct the mistakes, if any.4) some 和数词连用表示 “大约 ”,any 可与比较级连用表示程度。There are some 3,000 students in this
45、 school.Do you feel any better today?2. each 和 every:each 强调个别,代表的数可以是两个或两个以上,而 every 强调整体,所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。Each student has a pocket dictionary. / Each (of us) has a dictionary. / We each have a dictionary.Every student has strong and weak points. / Every one of us has strong and weak points.3. none 和 no:no 等于 not any,作定语。none 作主语或宾语,代替不可数名词,谓语用单数,代替可数名词,谓语单复数皆可以。There is no water in the bottle.How much water is there in the bottle? None.None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties.4. other 和 another:1) other 泛指“另外的,别的”常与其他词连用,如:the other day, every other week, some other r