1、初中时态列表比较时态 概念 结构 时间状语 否定和一般疑问句is/ am/ arev.原形/v.单三一般现在时表示经常、反复发生的动作或者行为及目前的某种状况，还可以用来表示某个事情的特点和性质。have/ hasoften, usually, always, sometimes, every week, never,once a week, on Sundays 主语am/is/are not 主语dont/ doesnt 动词原形Am/Is/Are主语？Do/Does 主语动词 ？was/ were动词过去时一般过去 时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或者状态，过去习惯性经常性的动作或者状态。
2、Hadago, yesterday in 1989 one dayat the age of twelve long long ago the day before yesterday just now last week/year/month/ night主语was/werenot . 主语didnt动词原形.Was/Were 主语？ Did主语谓语动词？will/shallv.一般将来时表示将来某个时间里发生的动作或者状态，或者将来某一段时间经常发生的动作或者状态。 is/am/ are going to v.tomorrow in the futurenext week/month/ye
3、ar主语wont 动词原形 主语isnt/arent +going to动词原形 Will/Shall 主语动词原形？ Am/Is/Are 主语going to谓语动词？would/should V.过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。was/were goingtov.the next day/ week/ month/ year 等主语wouldnt /shouldnt动词原形 主语wasnt/werent +going to 动词原形Would/Should 主语动词原形.？ Was/Were 主语going to谓语动词？现在进行时表示说话时正在发生的动作，或现阶
4、段进行的动作，但说话时不一定正在进行。is/ am/ are现在分词 now at this time at present these days主语am/is/are +not 现在分词 Am/Is/Are 主语现在分词？过去进行时表示过去某个时间里正在发生的动作或者行为。 was/were现在分词then at that time at ten last night 主语wasnt/werent 现在分词 Was/Were 主语现在分词？现在完成时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。 have/has 过去分词already just ever never yetsince
5、 so far before for主语havent/hasnt过去分词 Have/Has主语过去分词？现在完成进行时表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。 have/has been+现在分词 Since for 主语havent/hasnt been 现在分词 Have/Has主语been+现在分词？过去完成时表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作或者行为。 had过去分词by the time before we got thereafter by the end of 主语hadnt 过去分词 Had主语过去分词？时态的基本判定方式：一、时间状语同时态的关系：一般情况下，简单句可根据
6、句中的时间状语确定谓语动词的时态。其判定方式如下：1、句中含有yesterday; last year（last + 具体时间）; two days ago （一段时间 + ago）; just now; this morning; in 2008（in + 过去的年代）; the other day; over the weekend等时间状语时，谓语动词用一般过去时；2、句中含有tomorrow; next week（next +具体时间）; in two hours（in +一段时间）; (how) soon; from now on; 10 years from now（一段时间+fr
7、om now）; in the future; in 2012（in +将来的年代） ; by (the end of) next month（by+将来时间） ; for the weekend; this afternoon; this evening; tonight; this weekend等时间状语时，谓语动词用一般将来时；3、句中既有yesterday等过去时间状语，又有一个具体时间点（ at 5:00; this time; at that time）时，谓语动词用过去进行时；4、句中含有recently; in the last/past two years（in the l
8、ast/past+ 一段时间）; over the years（over the+一段时间）; since 2005（since+具体时间或从句）; for two years（for+一段时间，句中无其它时间状语）; before（单独用于句尾）等时间状语时，谓语动词用现在完成时；5、by (the end of) last year（by+过去时间）; two days before（一段时间+before）; for和since 说明的时间同时用于句中;by the time + 从句（过去时态）等时间状语时，谓语动词用过去完成时；6、简单句中如不含上述时间状语或有含说话时间在内的表示现
9、在时间关系的词语时（如now; today; these days等词），其时态的判定一般按以下步骤进行：- 句中是否含有表示频率关系的词。如有，用一般现在时；- 句子是否说明客观规律。如是，用一般现在时；- 句中动词是否表示状况。如是，用一般现在时；- 句中动词是否为延续性动态动词。如是，用现在进行时；- 句中动词是否为完成性动词（瞬间动词）。如是，用现在完成时。二、主从句时态的一致性原则：主从复合句可根据其时态一致性原则，通过主从句中任意一个句子的时态确定另外一个句子的时态；含有时间状语从句的主从句还可通过其引导词所表示的不同时间关系，确定主句和从句的时态。三、通过上下文关系判定时态：另外
10、我们还可以根据并列谓语的时态一致性原则、问句和答语的时态一致关系、无转折时间的短文时态一致原则等上下文时态的关联以及句子的逻辑关系来判定句子中谓语动词的时态。Exercises ( )1. What _ you _ over the weekend?A. will; do B. does; do C. did; do D. were,; doing( )2. Xiao Li usually _ to school by bike last year.A. goes B. went C. will go D. is going( )3. What _ in our town 100 years
11、from now?A. happened B. is happened C. has happened D. will happen( )4. Mr. Smith _ to see you in an hour.A. came B. has comeC. will come D. comes( )5. _ you _ from your parents recently?A. Did; hear B. Have; heard C. Do; hear D. Will; hear( )6. We _ TV at home this time last night.A. were watching
12、B. watched C. have watched D. would watch( )7. We _ over 1500 English words by the end of last month.A. have learned B. had learned C. will learn D. learnt( )8. She _ in Shanghai for ten years since 1992.A. has lived B. had lived C. lived D. will live( )9. She _ in Shanghai for ten years.A. has live
13、d B. had lived C. lived D. will live( )10. We all know that the earth _ round the sun.A. goes B. went C. is going D. will go( )11. “Where are the boys?” “They _ soccer on the playground.”A. play B. are playing C. were playing D. played( )12. Look! Lucy _ under the tree.A. reads B. is reading C. was
14、reading D. read( )13. He _ more than 200 model cars in the last five years.A. has collected B. had collected C. collected D. will collect( )14. Jim _ a letter to his parents at 7:30 last night.A. had written B. wrote C. would write D. was writing( )15. The Smiths _ in Beijing since two weeks ago.A.
15、stayed B. were staying C. would stay D. have stayed( )16. “When _ you _ the bike?” “Last Monday.”A. have; bought B. did; buy C. will; buy D. do; buy( )17. Look! The boy _English now.A. likes B. liked C. is liking D. was liking( )18. Most students in our class _ TV twice a week.A. watch B. watched C.
16、 will watch D. are watching( )19. How soon _ they _ back from work?A. do; come B. did; come C. have; come D. will; come( )20. “Where _ you _ Mr. Li?” “In his office, half an hour ago.”A. will; see B. did; see C. have, seen D. do; see( )21. I _ a new dictionary. Look! Its very useful.A. bought B. wil
17、l buy C. have bought D. would buy( )22. I wont watch the movie tonight. I _ it before.A. will see B. have seen C. saw D. had seen( )23. Hello! I _ know you _ in Chengdu. How long have you been here?A. didnt; were B. dont are C. didnt; are D. dont; were( )24. He _ a fire and then cooked a meal.A. had
18、 made B. was making C. made D. has made( )25. If I _ time tomorrow, I will go to visit my grandfather.A. have B. will have C. would have D. am having( )26. Im going to be a doctor when I _ up.A. grow B. will grow C. grew D. am growing( )27. The film _ on for five minutes when I got to the cinema.A.
19、has been B. had been C. was D. is( )28. She _ dinner when her son came in.A. has cooked B. had cooked C. was cooking D. would cook( )29. The train _ when we got to the station. We had to wait for the next one.A. has left B. had left C. left D. was leaving( )30. He said that he _ to the barbers tomor
20、row morning.A. will go B. went C. is going D. would go( )31. In the last years I _ a lot of friends.A. have made B. made C. will make D. was making( )32. The boys _ for about two hours.A. are playing soccer B. have been playing soccerC. were playing D. play soccer( )33. He _ so quickly that he could
21、 win the race.A. is running B. will run C. ran D. had run( )34. He didnt go there with us because he _ there before.A. has been B. had been C. went D. would go( )35. I dont know if he _ tomorrow. If he _, I will tell you.A. will come; will come B. comes; comesC. will come; comes D. comes; will come(
22、 )36. When I was young, my mother told me that the sun _ in the east.A. rise B. rises C. rose D. had risen( )37. “_ you _ your work?” “Yes. I finished it an hour ago.”A. Did; finish B. Have; finished C. Will; finish D. Had; finished( )38. Hurry up, or you _ the early bus.A. will miss B. has missed C
23、. would miss D. missed( )39. I _ Mr. Green while I _ along the street last Sunday.A. met; walked B. was meeting; walkedC. met; was walking D. was meeting; was walking( )40. Tom is strong and he _ to school every day.A. walked B. walks C. will walk D. has walked( )41. He said that he _ with Mr. Black
24、 at that time.A. talked B. was talking C. is talking D. would talk( )42. We _ English in this school since we came here.A. have studied B. studied C. had studied D. were studying( )43. She _ at home until her mother came back.A. has stayed B. stayed C. had stayed D. will stay( )44. There will be an
25、interesting movie _ two days.A. for B. in C. after D. since( )45. She _ there until I came back.A. didnt leaveB. has stayed C. left D. was staying( )46. It has been raining _ two hours ago.A. until B. for C. since D. by( )47. His father _ since he was two years old.A. has died B. died C. has death D
26、. has been dead( )48. The meeting _ for ten minutes when I got there yesterday.A. has begun B. had begun C. has been onD. had been on( )49. He had collected over 500 stamps _ he was twelve years old.A. since B. for C. until D. by the time( )50. I was doing my homework _ she rang me up last night.A.
27、when B. while C. since D. before( )51. “Where is John?” “He _ the library.”A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in D. has been at( )52. How long _ you _ the computer?A. have; bought B. did; buy C. have ; had D. will; buy( )53. She _ Shanghai for two days.A. left B. has left C. will leave D. has
28、 been away from( )54. He didnt tell me anything about it _ he left.A. since B. until C. by the time D. while( )55. She _ China since she was five years old.A. has come toB. has arrived at C. has arrived in D. has been in( )56. I had finished my homework _ I watched TV last night.A. before B. after C
29、. when D. until( )57. Miss White has been _ the music club for 4 years.A. joining B. join C. joined D. in( )58. What do you think he will _ ten years?A. be for B. be at C. be to D. be in( )59. There _ two football games in our school next week.A. is going to be B. will have C. will be D. is going to
30、 have( )60. They _ a birthday party next Friday afternoon.A. is going to be B. will be C. will have D. is going to have( )61. How long have you _ the pen?A. kept B. bought C. borrowed D. got( )62. I _ Mr. Brown since I left Shanghai in 2004.A. have seen B. saw C. havent seen D. didnt see( )63. You d
31、ont have to describe her. I _ her several times.A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet( )64. I _ a cold for five days. I still cant get rid of it.A. caught B. had C. have caughtD. have had( )65. What _ you _ at nine oclock that morning?A. are; doing B. did; do C. were; doingD. had; done( )66. What _
32、you _ by nine oclock that morning?A. are; doing B. did; do C. were; doingD. had; done( )67. The sign _, “ No Parking!”A. reads B. was read C. is reading D. read( )68. “_ you _ your lunch?” “Yes. I _ it at school.”A. Did; have; have had B. Have; had; hadC. Did; have; had D. Have; had; have( )69. Lily
33、 _ for her mother until she _ home.A. will wait; will come B. wont wait; comesC. will wait; comes D. waits; will come( )70. “Mr. Brown is leaving for a trip.” “Really? Where _ he _?”A. has; gone B. will; go C. did; go D. does; go( )71. Tom, you _ the book for two weeks. You have to return it now.A.
34、borrowed B. have borrowed C. kept D. have kept( )72. “Have you mended your shoes?” “Yes. I _ it twenty minutes ago.”A. have mended B. mended C. had mended D. will mend( )73. Mr. Smith _ to China last year and _ in love with her.A. goes; falls B. went; fell C. went; felt D. has gone; fell( )74. If yo
35、u dont go to the meeting tomorrow, _.A. he will, too B. he wont, either C. he does, tooD. he doesnt, either( )75. “Shall we go watching the match?” “Sorry, I cant. I _ my homework.”A. do B. have done C. am doing D. did( )76. The children wont go hiking if it _ next Sunday.A. rain B. rains C. will ra
36、in D. is raining( )77. “_ you _ to Japan?” “Yes. I will go there next month.”A. Have; been B. Have; gone C. Are; going D. Did; go( )78. When I got there, the film _ for five minutes.A. had been on B. had begun C. was beginning D. began( )79. Dont open the door until the bus _.A. will stop B. doesnt stop C. is stopping D. stops( )80. “_ you _ to Japan?” “Yes. We went there last year.”A. Have; been B. Have; gone C. Did; go D. Are; going
