1、能力提升题组训练(B).阅读理解A(2018桂林全程模拟)Some people say global English is no longer just controlled by British or American English, but is running free and developing unique local forms. Can you figure out the following terms?“I like your smile, but unlike you put your shoes on my face.” This is a way of sayin
2、g “Keep off the grass.” Or “people mountain, people sea”, which means “very crowded”.These examples are what we call Chinglish. When it comes to Chinglish, if all you know is “good good study, day day up”, you will be considered “out man”.Nowadays, more Chinglish words have been created, for example
3、, a Chinese idiom is translated as “smilence”, a combination of the English words smile and silence.Chinglish usually offers a humorous look at the misuse of the English language in Chinese street signs, products, and advertising. They are favored by some English-speaking tourists and visitors. Domi
4、nic Swire has been living in Beijing for a couple of years. He said, “I think many Chinese people complain about the Chinglish and badly translated English. But you know, sometimes for us foreigners, its actually quite charming to see them. I think if the translations of English in China were all pe
5、rfect, then something would be lost from the Chinese culture.”However, Chinglish will probably become a “cultural relic” in the near future. Beijing has made a comprehensive plan to improve foreign language services and eliminate(消除) Chinglish within five years. “It is very ridiculous to see Chingli
6、sh on the signs in some scenic spots. And they are a kind of barriers for communication between Chinese and people from other countries,” a Beijinger said.Some Chinese university experts side with Chinglish. They argue that English has absorbed elements from other languages such as French and Spanis
7、h in its growth, and now its Chineses turn.1.What can we call Chinglish?A.The English words which get new Chinese meanings.B.The Chinese words which are difficult to translate.C.The words combining English vocabulary and Chinese grammar.D.The local words preventing foreigners to learn Chinese well.2
8、.Who will be called “out man” according to the passage?A.A person who knows little about Chinglish words.B.A student who hates learning foreign languages.C.A tourist who fails to understand local translations.D.An expert who doesnt support Chinglish at all.3.What is Swires attitude to Chinglish?A.It
9、 can show the humor of Chinese. B.It will attract more foreign tourists.C.It helps him to learn Chinese well. D.It seems part of Chinese culture.4.Chinglish is likely to become a “cultural relic” in Beijing because . A.it has become a unique bridge between Chinese and EnglishB.Chinglish is a chance
10、to enrich Chinese and EnglishC.it improves the understanding between Chinese and foreignersD.Beijing is determined to get rid of Chinglish语篇解读:本文介绍了“中式英语”的特征及发展状况和趋势。答案及剖析:1.C 推理判断题。根据文中第二段列举的例子可推知,将英语词汇和汉语语法结合起来的表达方式就叫做中式英语。故选 C。2.A 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的第二句可知,如果你只知道“good good study, day day up”这一句中式英语的话,你
11、就跟不上时代了,故选 A。3.D 细节理解题。根据文章第五段中 Swire的观点可以判断出,现在对于外国人来说,中式英语很吸引人,它已成为中国文化的一部分了。故选 D。4.D 细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的“Beijing has made a comprehensive plan to improve foreign language services and eliminate Chinglish within five years.”可以判断出,北京已经开始计划在五年之内清除中式英语。故选 D。B(2018南通、扬州、泰州、徐州高三三模)Symbolic communication in
12、 the form of language underlies our unique ability to reasonor the conventional wisdom holds so.A new study published in Science,though, suggests our capacity to reason logically may not actually depend on language,at least not fully.The findings show babies still too young to speak can reason and m
13、ake reasonable deductions.The authorsa team from several European institutionsstudied infants(婴儿) aged 12 and 19 months,when language learning and speech production has just begun but before complex mastery has been achieved.The children had to inspect distinct objects repeatedlysuch as a dinosaur a
14、nd a flower.The items were initially hidden behind a black wall.In one set of experiments the animation(动漫)would show a cup scooping up(舀出)the dinosaur.Half of the time,the barrier would then be removed to reveal,as expected,the remaining flower.In the rest of the instances,though,the wall would dis
15、appear and a second dinosaur would be there.The children deduced in these latter occurrences that something was not quite right,even though they were unable to express in words what was wrong,Eye-trackinga commonly used technique to judge mental abilities in preverbal(语前的)children and apesshowed inf
16、ants stared significantly longer at scenes where the unexpected object appeared behind the barrier,suggesting they were confused by the reveal.“Our results indicate that the acquisition of logical vocabulary might not be the source of the most fundamental logical building blocks in the mind,”says le
17、ad study author Nicol Cesana-Arlotti.A major component of human logic,he notes,relates to thinking about alternative possibilities and eliminating inconsistent ones:Does the dinosaur sit behind the barrier or does the flower?In a formal logic this is called a disjunctive syllogism(析取三段论):A or B;not
18、if A,therefore B.Cesana-Arlotti acknowledges his findings do not deny the importance of language and symbolic communication to human brain development,and to our evolutionary backstory.Yet the new research suggests that perhaps it is not entirely necessary to shape the brains logical reasoning capac
19、ities.He plans further work studying how logic before the development of language might still differ from reasoning abilities that appear once language comes along,as language may open additional reasoning abilities unavailable to the speechless brain.“To our knowledge,nobody has ever directly docum
20、ented logical reasoning in 12-month-old infants before,” he adds.5.We can learn from the new study published in Science that . A.the ability to reason logically is unique to humansB.babies are too young to make reasonable deductionsC.language is not a requirement for some basic reasoningD.the new fi
21、ndings correspond with the conventional ideas6.The researchers draw the conclusion from the fact that . A.the infants were aware of illogical outcomesB.the infants inspected distinct objects over and againC.the infants were very sensitive to the removal of the barrierD.the infants showed interest in
22、 the appearance of the dinosaur7.The underlined word “eliminating” in Paragraph 3 probably means “ ”. A.resisting B.removingC.expanding D.exploring8.According to the text,what will Cesana-Arlotti study further?A.The mental development of babies.B.The initial state of logic in the mind.C.Distinctions
23、 between verbal and preverbal logic.D.Additional reasoning abilities of the speechless brain.语篇解读:本文是说明文。一项新的研究表明我们的逻辑推理能力事实上可能不依赖语言,至少不完全依赖语言。还不会说话的婴儿也能够思考并进行合理的推理。答案及剖析:5.C 细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study published in Science.at least not fully”可知,语言不是一些基础推理的必要条件。6.A 推理判断题。根据第三段“The children deduced in th
24、ese latter occurrences.what was wrong.”可知孩子们可推断出有些地方不大对劲,即使他们无法用语言来表达,故推出婴儿意识到一些不合逻辑的结果符合题意。7.B 词义猜测题。根据第三段“In a formal logic this is called a disjunctive syllogism(析取三段论):A or B;not if A,therefore B.”可知,在正式的逻辑思维中这叫作析取三段论:A 或 B;非 A则 B,由此可知,这种思维是考虑选择的可能性然后去除不相符的内容,remove“移动,去除”符合题意。8.C 细节理解题。根据第四段“He
25、 plans further work studying how logic.the speechless brain.”可知,切赛纳阿尔罗捷将会进一步研究语言逻辑和语前逻辑之间的 差别。.语法填空(2018高考原创押题预测卷)Liz Murray,an American girl,is in her early twenties.Since she was born,she 1.(write) a real-life story of willpower and determination.Liz grew up in the shadow 2. two drug-addicted pare
26、nts.Her mother died 3. Liz was just 15 years old.The effect of that loss became a turning point in her life.Connecting the environment in 4. she had grown up with how her mother had died,she decided to do something about it.Liz went back to school and threw herself into her 5. (study).At night,she l
27、ived on the streets.“What drove me to live on had something 6. (do) with understanding.By understanding that there was a whole other way of 7. (live),I had only experienced a small part of society,”she wrote in her book Breaking Night.She used the benefits that come 8. (easy) to others,such as a saf
28、e living environment,to encourage 9. (she) that “next to nothing could hold me down”.She finished high school in just two years and won a full scholarship to study at Harvard University.But Liz decided to leave her top university a couple of months 10. (early) this year in order to take care of her
29、father,who has developed lung cancer. 答案及剖析:1.has been writing 考查动词时态。since 引导的时间状语从句对应的主句通常用现在完成时,“自出生以来,她一直在书写一个真实生活中的意志力和决心的故事”,表示动作从过去一直延续到现在,并且还在继续,应用现在完成进行时。所以本空的答案为 has been writing。2.of 考查介词。in the shadow of 意思是“在的阴影中”,本句的意思是“Liz 生活在两个对毒品上瘾的父母的阴影中”,所以正确答案为 of。3.when 考查连词。在她只有十五岁的时候她的妈妈去世了,此处
30、表示“当的时候”,所以要用连词 when。4.which 考查关系代词。这里的 which 指代前面的 the environment,和前面的介词 in 构成“介词+关系代词”,相当于 where,用来引导定语从句,意思是“在她成长的环境中” 。所以此空填 which。5.studies 考查名词复数的用法。母亲去世后,她回到学校,让自己投入到“学业”中。表示各门功课的学习,应该用复数形式,故填 studies。6.to do 考查非谓语动词。have something to do with 是固定搭配,意思是“与某事有关系”,所以此处填 to do。7.living 考查非谓语动词。完全
31、不同的“生活”方式,live 前面是介词 of,of后面要用动名词形式,故填 living。8.easily 考查副词。come 是动词,后面要用副词来修饰,easy 是形容词,它的副词形式为easily,所以填 easily。9.herself 考查代词。前面有动词 encourage,所以后面的 she 应该变成相应的形式来作宾语,她鼓励自己,所以填 herself。10.earlier 考查副词比较级。今年她决定早离校几个月,因为她要照顾患癌症的父亲,所以要用比较级形式,故填 earlier。.短文改错(2018 高考原创押题预测卷)As we all know,friendship p
32、lays a important part in our life.If we have close friend,we can not only share happiness with them but also get support and encouragement from them,which can make us live a much more happier life.Unluckily, many young people misunderstood the meaning of friendship.They think anyone who help them es
33、cape punishment is a friend.In my opinion,a good friend is a friend who is honest and willingly to give you a hand when you in trouble.But he or she is always telling you the truth and is willing to help you correct mistakes.Beside,I think we must respect our friends and treat them with the way we w
34、ant to be treated.答案:As we all know,friendship plays important part in our life.If we have close ,we can not only share happiness with them but also get support and encouragement from them,which can make us live a much more happier life. Unluckily,many young people the meaning of friendship.They thi
35、nk anyone who them escape punishment is a friend.In my opinion,a good friend is a friend who is honest and to give you a hand when you in trouble.he or she is always telling you the truth and is willing to help you correct mistakes. ,I think we must respect our friends and treat them the way we want to be treated.剖析:考查冠词。important 是元音音素开头的单词,前应用 an。考查名词。根据下文 them 知道 friend用复数。考查形容词比较级。happier 是比较级,前不能再加 more。考查动词时态。根据上下文可知应用一般现在时。考查主谓一致。anyone 作主语时谓语用第三人称单数。考查形容词。作表语应用形容词。考查系动词。句子缺少谓语动词,在 you 后加动词 are。be in trouble 处于困境。考查连词。两个句子之间是并列关系,不是转折关系。考查副词。此处应为“除此之外”,改为 Besides。考查介词。用某种方式应用 in。
