1、Lecture 3,3. Cognitive strategies,1. Metacognitive strategies,Note-taking strategy,(2) Training of predicting strategy,(1) Review and practice,2. Warm-up Exercises,4. Homework,1) Have I finished my study plan for listening each week?If not, why?2) What do I think of the effect of the plan on my list
2、ening?positive/ negative/no idea and explain. 3) Will I still listen according to the same plan, or make some adjustment?,Self-monitoring and evaluating,4) Do I know how to use note-taking strategy?,5) Have I practiced note-taking strategy after-classintentionally? If yes, whats the effect?,1. Metac
3、ognitive strategies,2. Warm-up Exercises,1) Word dictation,1.,2.,3.,4.,8.,7.,6.,5.,9.,10.,2) Phrase dictation,1.,2.,3.,4.,8.,7.,6.,5.,9.,10.,Open up, or I break in.,3) Sentence dictation,Our era produces a host of heroes and heroines.,The building contained many new features of construction.,The acc
4、ident was caused by human error.,The fact that we all failed the test was a reflection on our teacher.,1.,2.,3.,4.,Key to Word & Phrase Dictation,room house roof floor flat ceiling window platform balcony apartment,1. in the meantime 2. in the meanwhile 3. at the same time 4. simultaneous with 5. af
5、ter an interval 6. somewhat later 7. in advance 8. ahead of schedule 9. prior to 10. in the beginning,man hotel (wisky) see fly on wall, hang fell,Model:,lady mercy &favor,Next mor, she told worker, hammer nail where fly,Man think of accident, saw fly, slap cry,lady in, surprise man sitting & bleedi
6、ng,3. Cognitive strategies (2),(1) Review and practice note-taking,1) Direction: in this section you will hear an interesting story. While you are listening to it try to take some notes and then organize your notes in a legible and orderly way.,2) Direction: In this section, you try to choose the an
7、swer according to the notes, and listen again to check.,a. because he was drunk b. because he was told there was a nail c. Because he took the fly for a nail a. Because he was careless,a. because the old man was angry with her,b. because she wanted to help the old man,c. because she didnt want to ch
8、eat the old man again,d. none of them,13. Why was the old man angry at the sight of the nail?,11. Why did the old man hang the bottles on the fly?,12. Why did the landlady tell the worker to hammer a nail?,a. he was really drunk.b. He thought of the accident.c. He thought the fly wanted to fool him
9、again.d. Both of A and B.,Key and tape script,Exercise 2: C B B 原文：An old gentleman whose eyesight was failing came to stay in a hotel room with a bottle of whisky in each hand. On the wall there was a fly which he took for a nail. So the moment he tried to hang the bottles on the fly, they fell and
10、 broke, and the liquid spilt all over the floor. When the landlady discovered what had happened, she showed mercy to him and decided to do him a favor.So the next morning when he was out taking a walk in the garden, she told the hotel worker to hammer a nail exactly where the fly has been.When the o
11、ld man entered his room, the smell of the whisky made him think of the accident. He took a look at the spot with dislike, and saw the fly was there again. He was so angry that he slapped it with all his strength. Hearing a loud cry, the landlady rushed in. To her surprise the poor old man was sittin
12、g there on the floor with his teeth clenched and the palm bleeding.,(2) Training of predicting strategy,definition,skills,exercises,self-evaluation,(1) Evaluate Your Present Prediction Strategy,Self-evaluating exercise,Self-evaluating questions,11. A Hell be speaking at the end of the meeting. B He
13、was supposed to speak last night instead. C He suddenly decided not to speak. D He already spoke very briefly tonight.,12. A Its too high. B Its acceptable C Its cheap indeed. . D The woman should have bargained for it.,13. A At two oclock. C At four oclock.B At three oclock. D At five oclock.,14. A
14、 Shop assistant and customer. B Post clerk and customer. C Store keeper and customer. D Waitress and customer.,C,C,D,B,Self-evaluating exercise,(2) Self-evaluating questions,1) Do I often try to guess what is to be heard before listening?How do I predict? 3) What can be predicted before listening?3)
15、 What can I base my prediction on?,If you have no idea of these questions, you may needto develop some predicting skills!,预测 （听前策略）根据有限的书面材料来预测将要听到的内容，根据已听到的内容来预测尚未听到的内容，如借助图例、标题、主题句、信号词、或考试时借助选择项，对文章谈论的主要话题、下文即将出现的内容等做出预测。听力理解的过程实际上就是作出预测并验证预测的过程。具体方法包括 1）根据备选项预测问题； 2）根据标题预测内容及可能出现的词汇； 3）根据主题句进行预测；
16、 4）根据信号词进行预测。信号词时语义的传接纽带，可表示重述、解释、列举、转折、结论及因果关系等。说话者常用信号词来说明自己的观点及态度等。根据信号词可以确定听的重点，因此，学生可以以信号词作为预测下文内容的突破口。,1. 预测行为或活动,当四个选项都以动词开头时，往往可以预测提问将围绕“做什么”而进行，听的时候要特别注意对话中的动词或与动作有关的词。 A）Clean her house while she is away B）Buy her some plants and take care of them C）Water her plants while she is away D）Wat
17、er her plants when he is not at work,2. 预测人物关系,A）Relatives B）Roommates C）Colleagues D）Neighbors,3预测话题,A）The size of the room B）Long working hours C）The hot weather D）The fan in the room,分析：当四个选项的内容各不相干时，一般可以预测提问将围绕其中的一个选项来展开话题，问题通常是What are they talking about complaining about？等。这时首先要特别留意四个选项中的关键词，然
18、后在听的时候努力去抓取与选项有关联的词语或内容。,任何一篇都会有一个主题。在听到录音之前，可根据每篇短文的三到四组选项，对短文的主题进行初步预测，因为选项中出现往往可能暗示出短文的主题。此外，当录音开始时，应注意听短文的起始句，因为英美人说话喜欢直截了当、开门见山，故起始句往往可能是整篇短文的主题句。例如：,例1：（CET-41998年6月）,14 A）The number of students they take in is limited B）They receive little or no support from public taxes C）They are only open
19、to children from rich families D）They have to pay more taxes 15A）Private schools admit more students B）Private schools charge less than religious schools C）Private schools run a variety of programs D）Private schools allow students to enjoy more freedom 16A）The churches B）The program designers C）The
20、local authorities D）The state government,分析：快速浏览内这篇短文的可选项，我们可以很快发现重复率最高的词为students，private schools,由此可以预测，这篇短文是关于私立学校的介绍，可能涉及其不同于其他性质学校的特点。初步预测后，听者对全文的理解和思考只是片面、肤浅的。因此，当听音时，听者就能更集中注意力，去验证、补充、和纠正自己的预测，从而能完整的理解内容，作出正确判断。,15. A His girlfriend complained of his going to the partywithout her. B He was to
21、gether with his girlfriend yesterday. C He has been busy dating his girlfriend these days. D He brought his girlfriend to the party.16. A She regretted having bought the second-hand car. B It is unnecessary to rent another house.C They should sell their second-hand car and buy a new oneD They can af
22、ford a second-hand car.,A,exercise 1: Listen and try to predict the topic and question of the dialogue before listening based on the choices.,B,script,17. A She loves the film too. B She doesnt think much of the film C She asks the man to repeat his words. D Its not as good as she expected.18. A Go
23、out with his wife. B Work for extra hours.C Stay at home with his wife. D Go out with his boss.,A,B,exercise 2: Listen and try to predict the topic and question of the dialogue before listening based on the choices.,script,19. A Its hereditary. B The shampoo he used caused it C He combs his hair too
24、 much.D He is old enough to lose hair.20. A Use some special shampoo. B Wear a wigC Dont try to comb hair over the bald or thin patch. D Go to the doctor for advice.21. A Over the radio. B At a doctors office. C At the mans house. D At a drug store.22. A It suits him. B It looks ridiculousC It looks
25、 old. D Its getting worse.,A,C,A,A,Exercise 3: Listen to a conversation and try to predict the topic of the dialogue before listening based on the choices.,script,Homework,1. Listen to a short passage or story each day, trying to predict the topic, vocabulary, speakers view, etc. before listening and take notes while listening;2. Monitor and evaluate the use of strategies in your listening practice;3. Ensure fulfillment of all the tasks in your listening plan.,
