1、 SAT语 法 1Identifying Sentence Erors 一 、 主 谓 一 致 1. 就 前 原 则 (1) N1 of N2 verb（ SAT考 试 中 动 词 的 单 复 数 与 N1有 关 ， 与 N2无 关 ） 如 ： a group of students are the details of the problems are 例 ： The bright (A) fiberglas sculptures of Luis Jimenez has received (B) critical aclaim not only (C) in his home state,
2、New Mexico, but also in (D) New York. No eror (E). (P161.1) (2) 名 词 1+介 词 +名 词 2 如 ： students in the clasrom 名 词 ， 插 入 语 ， verb 名 词 +doing/done 如 ： students studying hard 例 ： Flints found in (A) the region extending from the Nile Valey to (B) the highlands of eastern Iraq atests to (C) the presence
3、of people there as long ago as (D) one hundred thousand years. No eror (E). (P16.3) 2.“ 欲 擒 故 纵 ” 法 动 词 单 复 数 做 题 基 本 原 则 是 就 前 原 则 ， 如 果 句 子 太 长 、 太 难 、 太 复 杂 时 ， 用“ 欲 擒 故 纵 ” 法 。 3.动 词 单 复 数 的 特 殊 固 定 用 法 (1) a number of 一 些 ； 一 般 情 况 下 其 后 动 词 用 复 数 ， （ 不 受 任 何 规 律 限 制 ） ； the number of 的 数 量 ； 其
4、 后 的 动 词 在 任 何 情 况 下 都 用 单 数 。 量 词 考 点 ： a group/list/line of 使 用 “ 就 前 原 则 ” (2) 倒 装 结 构 ： 就 后 原 则 。 如 ： here comes the bus a. 地 点 状 语 +动 词 +主 语 b. Only置 于 句 首 的 倒 装 例 ： In the fothils of that large mountain range is (A) the sources of a river whose course (B) was not fuly maped (C) until (D) this
5、century. No eror (E). (P 76.19) SAT语 法 2例 ： Air polution caused by industrial fumes has ben studied (A) for years, but (B) only recently has (C) the harmful efects of noise polution become (D) known. No eror (E). (P167.6) 4.名 词 集 合 名 词 ： family, group, stuf, team, comunity， 只 要 这 些 词 以 单 数 结 尾 ， 后 面
6、的 谓 语 动 词 都 用 单 数 。 people, catle, police ： 其 后 的 谓 语 动 词 用 复 数 以 s结 尾 的 词 ： means, species, news 以 cs结 尾 的 词 ： physics, mathematics， 不 表 示 复 数 ， 是 单 数 。 以 us结 尾 的 词 ： octopus（ 章 鱼 ） , platypus（ 鸭 嘴 兽 ） , -saurus（ 恐 龙 ） 考 点 ： 名 词 的 单 复 数 作 业 ： P410.23、 24， P472.2， P602.27， P721.24、 26、 29， P839.20、
7、27， P894.16，P956.12， P76.12， P839.25， P957.19、 28， P471.17， P534.18。 二 、 平 行 结 构 （ 1） 名 词 ， 名 词 ， and 名 词 例 ： Each time Caroline turns on her computer , she has (A) to enter a company code, then her initials, and then enters a pasword (B) before (C) she can begin working (D). No eror (E). (P16.2) 例
8、： Of the hundreds of warm-water coral species, only a few (A) are highly prized (B) for use in jewelry because of their (C) beauty, luster, and they are hard (D). No eror (E). (P53.12) （ 2） 两 者 之 间 的 平 行 如 ： not only ,but also neither ,nor either ,or and/but . 例 ： The labor union is negotiating (A)
9、a contract with the hospital that (B) wil satisfy (C) the demands of the workers and be aceptable to (D) al levels of management. No eror (E). (P601.13) SAT语 法 3（ 3） 句 子 的 平 行 考 点 ： 同 类 比 较 特 点 ： -er, more, than, as, like, unlike, compare to/with. 如 ： The population of China is larger than that of A
10、merica. 所 有 格 和 所 有 格 之 间 比 较 时 ， 第 二 个 所 有 格 是 不 能 省 略 的 ， 需 要 补 充 that of/those of/s。 作 业 ： P601.13， P77.28， P59.3， P410.21、 29， P602.20、 2， P659.25， P60.27，P720.14、 18。 三 、 形 容 词 和 副 词 adj. + n. / pron. adv. + v. / adj. / adv. 如 ： I find the bok easy. I find the bok easily. 例 ： Although canoeing
11、through (A) the rapids was exciting, it was (B) also exhausting, and we were hapy for a time to have the canoe float serene (C) down (D) a smoth stretch of the river. No eror (E). (P838.12) 笔 记 ： serene 平 静 的 ； serenely 平 静 地 如 ： 快 速 的 发 展 中 的 国 家 rapidly developing country 例 ： The research study re
12、veals (A) startling prof of a constant (B) changing seaflor that comprises (C) the major part of (D) the underwater landscape. No eror (E). (P602.29) 例 ： Just how (A) critical an improved balance of trade is to (B) a healthy economy has never ben (C) more clearer (D) than it is now. No eror (E).（ P6
13、59.18） 作 业 ： P167.7， P192.14， P409.17， P60.29， P721.2， P894.13， P896.27， P957.23。 四 、 逻 辑 主 语 （ 1） Doing/done , SVO. 如 ： Beaten black and blue, Kity is crying. Beating black and blue, Kity is crying. 例 ： Contrasting with (A) most other (B) fiftenth- century rulers, Portuguese Kings could count on (C
14、) the suport of the aristocracy in any (D) overseas ventures. No SAT语 法 4eror (E) 例 ： Raised in a large and noisy city, it was only when I went away to colege that I realized how delightful life in a smal town could be.（ P95.1） (A) it was only when I went away to colege that I realized how delightfu
15、l life in a smal town could be (B) when I went away to colege I then realized how delightful life in a smal town could be (C) going away to colege made me realize how delightful life in a smal town could be (D) I did not realize how delightful life in a smal town could be until I went away to colege
16、 (E) delightful life in a smal town was unrealized by me until I went away to colege 例 ： While working as a nurse in the strets of Calcuta, that was when Mother Teresa developed a profound love for the por.（ P892.1） (A) that was when Mother Teresa developed a profound love for the por (B) Mother Ter
17、esa developed a profound love for the por (C) then the development of Mother Teresas profound love for the por tok place (D) Mother Teresas profound love for the por developed (E) a profound love for the por developed in Mother Teresa 例 ： Having thought the problem through with some care, that the c
18、omite did not understand her solution frustrated the chairperson extremely.（ P59.5） (A) that the comite did not understand her solution frustrated the chairperson extremely (B) the chairpersons extremely frustration resulted from the comite not understanding her solution (C) the chairpersons frustra
19、tion at the comites failing to understand her solution was extreme SAT语 法 5(D) the chairperson was extremely frustrated by the comites failure to understand her solution (E) the comites failing to understand her solution was an extreme frustration to the chairperson while/when/by/on/through Doing/do
20、ne , SVO. 例 ： By simply entering an Internet website or caling a tol-fre number, a catalog order can be placed for almost anything from chesecakes to fuly equiped desktop computers.（ P616.12） (A) a catalog order can be placed (B) by placing a catalog order (C) they wil place your catalog order (D) y
21、ou can place a catalog order (E) your catalog order can be placed 例 ： Indicating their desire to extend fre enterprise, Canadians elected a member of the Progresive Conservative Party, Kim Campbel, as Prime Minister in 193. （ P493.13） (A) Canadians elected a member of the Progresive Conservative Par
22、ty, Kim Campbel, as Prime Minister (B) Canadians election of a member of the Progresive Conservative Party as Prime Minister was Kim Campbel (C) Kim Campbel of the Progresive Conservative Party was elected Prime Minister of Canada (D) the Progresive Conservative Partys Kim Campbel was elected Prime
23、Minister of Canadians (E) a member of the Progresive Conservative Party, Kim Campbel, was elected by Canadians as Prime Minister 例 ： Though now one of the most famous abstract artists, critics once ridiculed Jackson Polock for his technique of splatering paint on canvases.（ P532.8） (A) critics once
24、ridiculed Jackson Polock (B) critics once were ridiculing Jackson Polock SAT语 法 6(C) Jackson Polock once ridiculed by critics (D) Jackson Polock was once ridiculed by critics (E) Jackson Polock, having once ben ridiculed by critics （ 2） SVO, doing/done . S与 分 词 SVO doing/done . O与 分 词 如 ： The boys a
25、re watching a galaxy of beauties pasing by, slobering. 例 ： During (A) my most recent (B) trip, I came acros (C) a wonderful antique store wandering (D) in the old quarter of the city. No eror (E). (P53.16) 作 业 ： P95.5， P190.2， P534.21， P846.2。 五 、 代 词 代 词 一 定 要 确 切 地 指 明 具 体 对 象 。 （ 1） 单 复 数 例 ： The
26、 starling is such a (A) pest in rural areas that it has become (B) necesary to find ways (C) of controling the growth of their (D) population. No eror (E)（ P167.8） 例 ： Contrasting with (A) most other (B) fiftenth- century rulers, Portuguese Kings could count on (C) the suport of the aristocracy in a
27、ny (D) overseas ventures. No eror (E) （ 2） 主 格 ， 宾 格 主 格 ： I， we， they 宾 格 ： me， us， him， her 区 别 ： 做 主 格 的 一 般 出 现 在 句 首 ， 做 宾 格 的 一 般 出 现 在 动 词 、 介 词 后 。 宾 语 ： 动 词 宾 语 、 介 词 宾 语 。 例 ： The report Alexander is discusing (A), a report prepared jointly by he (B) and the comite, does not take into acou
28、nt (C) the socioeconomic status of those interviewed (D). No eror (E)（ P602.21） 例 ： Aparently impresed with (A) our plans, the foundation awarded Carlos and I (B) a grant to establish (C) a network of comunity centers throughout (D) the city. No eror (E) （ P602.26） 例 ： For we (A) students, concern a
29、bout impending (B) tuition hikes was even more SAT语 法 7acute than (C) aprehension about (D) final exams. No eror (E) （ P721.27） （ 3） one， you不 能 相 互 指 代 one与 he/she对 应 ； ones与 they对 应 例 ： For people in (A) many ancient societies, work was only a means of (B) survival rather than (C) a way to improve
30、 your (D) standard of living. No eror (E) （ P838.19） （ 4） this划 线 （ 5） which, who, whom, that 考 点 ： which不 能 指 代 人 ， who, whom不 能 指 代 物 。 例 ： Candy manufacturers aplauded the discovery by (A) researchers that students which (B) smel chocolate while studying and again while taking (C) a test are able
31、 to (D) recal more material than students not exposed to the odor of chocolate. No eror (E) （ P894.15） 例 ： In a world that (A) the rate of technological and social change acelerates frighteningly (B) , change itself (C) often sems to be the only constant (D). No eror (E) （ P957.21） Where, in which的
32、区 别 ： 介 词 +which的 用 法 where 作 业 ： P410.26， P472.28， P534.20， P601.15， P602.28， P659.20， P60.28， P720.15，P721.20， P76.14， P77.23、 25， P839.24、 26， P957.26。 六 、 时 态 （ 1） 现 在 类 一 般 现 在 时 ， 现 在 完 成 时 ， 现 在 进 行 时 ， 现 在 将 来 时 。 （ 2） 过 去 类 一 般 过 去 时 ， 过 去 完 成 时 ， 过 去 进 行 时 ， 过 去 将 来 时 。 例 ： Jerome often re
33、fered to (A) art history textbok while he (B) was sculpting; whenever he learned a new method in art clas , he seks out (C) the work of sculptors who had used it (D) in the past. No eror (E)（ P409.15） 例 ： Some of the workers who resent (A) the supervisors authority would probably (B) fel uncomfortab
34、le if (C) they were to acquire the independence that they SAT语 法 8demand (D) . No eror (E)（ P839.2） （ 3） 不 规 则 动 词 的 过 去 分 词 例 ： Although born in the Midwest, Langston Hughes lived most of his adult life in Harlem, in New York City, where (A), like (B) other writers in the 1930s, he had wrote (C) so
35、me of his finest (D) works. No eror (E)（ P894.12） 作 业 ： P409.15， P471.16， P534.24， P658.12， P720.13， P77.21， P838.16， P839.2，P894.20。 七 、 介 词 （ 1） 基 础 介 词 的 搭 配 （ 2） 把 介 词 的 固 定 用 法 出 得 很 长 （ 3） 常 考 的 点 ： 有 能 力 去 做 be able to have ability to be capable of doing preocupation with 总 结 归 纳 ： （ 1） 动 词 划
36、 线 ： 时 态 、 单 复 数 ； （ 2） 代 词 ； （ 3） 平 行 结 构 ； （ 4） 形 容 词 和 副 词 ； （ 5） 名 词 ； （ 6） 逻 辑 主 语 ； （ 7） 介 词 。 易 错 点 ： 时 态 、 固 定 用 法 、 5E选 项 。 作 业 ： OG上 所 有 的 挑 错 题 ， 并 且 分 类 总 结 。 Improving Sentences 1. 简 洁 原 则 because比 because of， aware of， considering； 主 动 被 动 ； 直 接 间 接 ； 动 词 名 词 。 SAT语 法 9例 ： Anita liked
37、to watch television, of which she found the science programs especialy fascinating. (A) television, of which she found the science programs especialy fascinating (B) television; she found the science programs especialy fascinating (C) television, and it was especialy the science programs that were o
38、f fascination (D) television; the fascination of the science programs especialy (E) television, especialy fascinating to her were the programs 2. run on 句 型 SVO， SVO 两 个 句 子 相 连 ： SVO， conj SVO或 者 SVO； SVO 副 词 和 介 词 不 能 连 接 两 个 句 子 ： SVO， adv SVO或 者 SVO， prep SVO adv： 以 ly结 尾 的 词 ； 词 根 判 断 法 ； howev
39、er, thus, hence, then, also, even 练 习 ： SVO, thus SVO. SVO, however SVO. SVO, but SVO. SVO, although SVO. SVO; therefore SVO. SVO; but SVO. SVO; although SVO. 例 ： Since some (A) people are convinced that (B) dowsing, a method of finding underground water with a Y-shaped stick, is efective, but other
40、s condemn the procedure as (C) mere superstition (D) . No eror(E)（ P602.24） 1, Many students work after schol and on wekends, consequently they do not have much time for doing their homework. A, wekends, consequently they do not have B, wekends, they do not have C, wekends, as a consequence they do
41、not have D, wekends, therefore they do not have E, wekends; consequently, they do not have 2.Even the plays most minor characters work together with extraordinary skil, their SAT语 法 10interplay creates a moving theatrical experience. A, their interplay creates a moving theatrical experience. B, a mo
42、ving theatrical experience is created by their interplay C, and their interplay creates a moving theatrical experience. D, and a moving theatrical experience being the creation of their interplay E, with their interplay they create a moving theatrical experience. 3. 逻 辑 主 语 Logic subject doing/done
43、， SVO. adj./adv. ， SVO 4. having， being 自 杀 词 ： 在 句 子 中 充 当 时 态 的 组 成 部 分 。 正 确 ： 放 在 句 首 大 写 。 例 ： Having ben a victim of malicious rumors, Helen purposely avoided gosips.（ P954. 3） (A) Having ben a victim of malicious rumors (B) Her being a victim of malicious rumors (C) Her having ben victimized
44、by malicious rumors (D) Because being a victim of malicious rumors (E) Because having ben a victim of malicious rumors 5. 时 态 tense 6. 单 复 数 singular ambiguous usage; 一 个 句 子 有 两 个 同 样 的 指 代 ， 成 立 前 提 是 必 须 指 代 同 一 内 容 plague原 则 例 ： The lawyers representing the parking-lot operators aserted as to th
45、e defensibility of their practices as legal and ethical.（ P615.6） (A) as to the defensibility of their practices as legal and ethical (B) as to their practices and their defensibility on legal and ethical grounds (C) that their practices, that is the operators, are defensible in legal terms as wel a
46、s ethics (D) that in regards to defensibility their practices are legaly and ethicaly defensible (E) that the practices of the operators are legaly and ethicaly defensible 12. S， ， V O 错 误 用 法 ： S, , doing+O S, , which / that +O SAT语 法 15S, , and +v. +O S, , he / she +v.+O 例 ： The problem of water p
47、olution, frequently compounded in certain areas because the treatment and release of industrial wastes are not adequately regulated.（ P954.2） (A) polution, frequently compounded in certain areas because (B) polution, frequently compounded in certain areas and (C) polution, frequently compounded in c
48、ertain areas when (D) polution is frequently compounded in certain areas where (E) polution is frequently compounded in certain areas and 13. S+V+O； S+V+O S+V+O； it+V+O it只 能 指 代 上 一 句 话 的 主 语 。 S+V+O， which S+V+O， ving/ved 例 ： Coners, a publishing and media services company, is acquiring Dispatch E
49、ducation, it manufactures schol uniforms.（ P59.2） (A) Dispatch Education, it manufactures (B) Dispatch Education, which manufactures (C) Dispatch Education, manufacturing (D) Dispatch Education, it is manufacturing (E) Dispatch Education, for the manufacturing of 例 ： Many comunities in my state are forming neighborhod watch programs, for it wil deter criminals.（ P739.10） (A) programs, for it wil deter (B) programs, in which it wil deter (C) programs that wil deter (D) programs for the detere
