1、高考英语阅读思路 分析与解题方法 - 猜词,词义理解题常见的题型有: The author uses the word “” to mean _. The underlined word (phrase, term) “” means _. According to the passage, the word “” properly means _. The word “” in paragraph refers to _. By “”, the author means _.which of the following is closest in meaning to “”? What is
2、 “”?,方法： 1返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方； 2注意结合上下文，理解该词的意思； 3可判断该词汇是否超纲，如果是纲内词汇，则字面意思必然不是正确答案； 4词汇的正确答案，经常蕴藏在原文该词出现的前后,Guessing Unknown Words / Vocabulary （猜词） Definition and explanation 利用定义和解释猜测词义； Eg. He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he wont give it up halfway. The underlined wor
3、d means_. A.strong B. firm C. kind D. clever,Ex. 1A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals.The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.We are on the night shift - from mid
4、night to 8 a.m. - this week.,木匠,动物学家,牧人,夜班,2) Experience 根据普通常识和经验推测生词的词义 Eg. Mr. Brown is now working at Princeton University far away from home. For this reason he has to rent a room near the office where he works.A.to work to live B. to eat to live C. to teach to live D. to pay to use,A good teac
5、her works in quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they dont understand something, they say so.The word “audience” in the paragraph means _. A.students B. people who watch a play C. people who act on the stage D.
6、people who listen to something,3) Related Information 即根据上下文的语境来猜测生词的词义。The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer.A. work B. study C. name D. interest,worked as an engineer.,4) Guessing from Comparison and Contrast根据上下文中的比较、对照关系猜测词义；Those new
7、comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city. A. town B. capital C. country D. house,the city,Ex. 2In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil.If you agree, write “ yes”; if you
8、dissent, write “no”.,混乱,不同意,Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its normal length because it is very elastic.The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.,弹性的,混浊的,5) Guessing word from description exemplification 通过描述和例证猜词 A) You can take any
9、of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in Schools, or English Learning. A. dictionaries B. story-books C. magazines D. newspapers,In some countries where there is very little rain, the farmers have to irrigate, or water, their fields.All whales fall into two groups, thos
10、e with teeth and those without, Dolphins belong to odontoceti, that is to say, they are toothed whales.,灌溉,有牙齿的,6) Guessing word from Synonym and Antonym.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词。Is he intelligent or stupid?Most women in Ghana- the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old- work to earn
11、an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved. The underlined word “illiterate” in the passage means _. A. Repeated B. reiterated. C uneducated D. sick,clever, “The
12、Dave you saw on TV was the real Dave,” says friend Pat Williams, “He wasnt a great actor or a great speaker. He was just Joe Everybody.”(02年E篇)74. “He was just Joe Everybody.” ( in the last paragraph) means _.A. Dave was famous B. Dave was ordinary C. Dave was showy D. Dave was shy,When a doctor per
13、forms an operation on a patient, he usually gives an anaesthetic to make him unconscious, because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him.When you throw a stone into still water of a lake, you will watch a ripple spread in rings on the surface of water.,麻药,波纹,7)
14、 Guessing word from Cause and Result 通过原因与结果关系猜词,Since I have finished my paper now, I am going to give myself a treat tonight. I am going to watch a movie on campus, an action movie called “Face Off”. The underlined words “a treat” here means _. A. an action movie B. something pleasant to enjoy a r
15、est D. something nice to eat,Ex. 3 Hes such a shrewd businessman that he loses no money in any trade.She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.,精明的,修剪,8) Word formation 即根据前缀、后缀、复合、派生等构词知识判断生词的词义,(1)Overwork may cause diseases. 前缀over-的意思是“过分的、过量的”故overwork的意思应为“工作过度”
16、。 (2)There was a dissatisfied look in the managers eyes. satisfied的意思是“满意的”，前缀dis-的意思是“不”，故dissatisfied的意思应该是“不满意的”。,However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And, in addition to that, in order to get really good at something, one needs to
17、spend at least 10,000 hours studying and practising. To become great at certain things, itll require even more time, time that most people wont put in. The underlined word “that” refers to _. A. being good at something B. setting a practical goal C. Putting in more time D. succeeding in life, the ad
18、vanced EP also heats the room evenly, wall to wall and floor to ceiling. It comfortably covers an area up to 350 square feet. Other heaters heat rooms unevenly with most of the heat concentrated to the center of the room. And they only heat an area a few feet around the heater. With the EP, the temp
19、erature will not vary in any part of the room. The underlined word “evenly” probably means _. continuously B. separately C. quickly D. equally,He is Oliver Barrett IV, a rich jockey from a stuffy Wasp family on his way to a Harvard degree and a career in law. She is Jerry Cavilleri, a wisecracking w
20、orking-class beauty studying music at Radcliffe. They are opposites in nearly every way. But they fall in love. This is their story. What does the author try to express in the underlined sentence?A. they are the same in every way. B. They are quite different from each other in most aspects. C. they
21、have a lot in common D. they are attracted by each other,说明文的基本结构Descriptive writingDefinition(Introduction)Description(Explanation)Conclusion,Examples,Comparison,Classification,议论文的基本结构Argumentation 论点Topic(Opinion)论据Arguments (Supporting sentences)结论Conclusion,Facts,Examples,theory,记叙文的基本结构Narrative writingsStory presentationEnding,Time clues,Inverted time clues 倒叙,Surprising,Humorous,Thats all for today!,
