1、Lesson 53 Hot snake【New words and expressions】生词和短语（13） hot adj. 带电的，充电的 fireman n. 消防队员 cause v. 引起； n. 原因 examine v. 检查 accidentally adv. 意外地，偶然地 remains n. 尸体，残骸 wire n. 电线 volt n. 伏特（电压单位） power line 电力线 solve v. 解决 mystery n. 谜（无法接受地, 解释不了的） snatch v. 抓住 spark n. 电火花 hot adj. 带电的 , 充电的 hotter-h
2、ottesthot adj. 热的(cold) ；hot water; hot weather,炎热的天气 a hot day ； Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁Hot 炎热的 warm 温暖的 cool 凉爽的 chilly 寒冷的 cold 严寒的带电的, 充电的 辣的。 The papper is very hot.强烈的 have a hot temper; a hot debate 激烈的辩论 get hot on rock music 热衷于摇滚最新的 hot news on sth. Magazine hot from the press 刚出
3、版的杂志Be hot on sb.迷恋某人，爱慕某人 be in hot water 惹上麻烦=get/run into trouble a hot potato 棘手的问题 get hot under the collar 勃然大怒hot-hot-hot 麻辣烫； hot-wings 辣鸡翅；hot dog 热狗 hot-tempered 火暴(脾气)的（temper n. 脾气） hot line 热线；hot topic 热门话题 hot cake 热蛋糕 It sells like a hot cake/cakes.表示一个东西的畅销, 热销 fireman n. 消防队员 复合名词：
4、fireplace 壁炉；firework 烟火；fire-fighter 消防队员（尤其护林的) ；firehouse 消防站hydrant n. 消防栓 , 消防龙头 fire extinguisher 灭火器（extinguisher n. 熄灭者, 灭火器） extinguishput out 灭火 cause v.examiner 主考人 examinee 应考人 Exam=examinationaccidentally adv. 意外地, 偶然地 (但更趋向于 “偶然”的意思) accidentaccidental accidentally 反义词：intentional an a
5、ccidental death.accident n. 事故 a car accident=a road N.机遇，造化 by chance=by accident=accidentally i found a gold mine by chance.unexpectedly adv. 出乎意料地(更趋向于 “意外”的意思) remains (复数形式）n. 尸体, 残骸 remains 指 dead body N.剩余物，残余物 the remains of a meal 剩饭N 遗址 the remains of Yuanmingyuan.Remain v.留下，剩下，遗留。If you
6、take 3 from 5, 2 remains. Whats done is done.木已成舟。 V.保持不变，仍是。 He remains silent.Wire. 电线，金属线 Telephone wires 电话线 wireless adj.无线的电报 send a wire 打电报 receive a wire 接电报Be on wires=be all on wires 兴奋，坐立不安 under the wires 勉强来得及Volt n.伏特 voltage n.电压，伏特数Power line Power 电力，动力 electric power 电力 water powe
7、r 水力能力 brain power 脑力 the power of hearing权力，支配力，势力 political power 政治权力 Not within ones power=beyond ones power 力所不能及 Come to power=come into power 掌权，得势solve v. 解决 Solve a question 回答问题 solve a problem 解决问题 solve a crime 破案 solve the mystery 揭开谜底We must solve the economic crisis.经济危机Solution n.解决，
8、解答 a solution for a trouble=a solution to trouble 纷争的解决Mystery 神秘的事物，不可解释的事物；秘密The mystery of life 生命的奥秘 an air of mystery 神秘的气氛The murder is wrapped in mystery.那件谋杀案笼罩着神秘的气氛Riddle 谜语，谜一般的东西或者人Puzzle 难题，用以测试人的知识、智力、技巧等snatch v. 抓住 ，抢，夺（迅速而有力地粗鲁地抓住，强调动作的突然性抢）snatch a chance 抓住机会 snatch up 抓起来 v.(趁机）迅
9、速取得，急急忙忙吃晚饭 snatch a sleep on a busy day snatch a kiss 出其不意地catch v. 抓，如抓鱼 Grab 抓，抢，抢夺（热情而拼命地抓住） grab sth. from sb. Grab sth from sth.Grasp v.抓住或咬住，抓紧 grasp a chance v.掌握 grasp a language 掌握一门语言hold v. 握着 take hold of=catch hold of=get hold of 抓住seize v. 抓住( 用力 ) seize my arm Spark n.火花，火星，电火花 a sho
10、wer of spark 如阵雨般的火花A bright spark 活泼而聪明的年轻人 a bright apple =a wise apple 骄傲的年轻人【Text】 At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carel
11、essly throw away. Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass. They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. This morning, however, a firemen accidentally discovered the cause. He noticed the remains of a snake which was wo
12、und round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line. In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. The explanation was simple but very unusual. A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. The snake then wound itself round the wires. When it did so, it
13、sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire. 参考译文消防队员们终于扑灭了加利福尼亚的一场森林大火. 从那时起, 他们一直试图找出起火的原因. 森林火灾时常由破碎的玻璃或人们随手扔掉的香烟头引起. 昨天 , 消防队员仔细查看了地面, 但未能发现碎玻璃. 他们还十分肯定火灾也不是由烟头引起的. 然而今天上午, 一个消防队员偶然发现了起火的原因. 他发现了缠绕在 16, 000 伏高压线上的一条死蛇 . 就这样, 他解开了起火之谜. 解释很简单, 却异乎寻常. 一只鸟把蛇从地上抓起来, 然后把它扔到了电线上
14、. 于是蛇就缠住了几根电线. 当它这样做时, 把火花送到了地面, 这些火花立刻引起了一场大火.【课文讲解】 1、Hot snake hot snake 触电的蛇 get a electric shock 触电 2、At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. California,又名 Golden State 黄金州at last 最后，终于 put out a fire 扑灭火（put out 扑灭，熄灭，关掉） Please put the light/fire out. a fire 一场(堆)火 3、Sin
15、ce then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. 宾语从句since then 从那时起，到现在为止 find out（经过研究、努力等）找出，发现，查出（这里 find out 的宾语是个从句）Ill try and find out the name of the person who saved my life yesterday. 4、Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessl
16、y throw away. broken glass 被打碎的玻璃片 a broken heart 失意 a broken promise 爽约 a broken home 破裂的家庭 cigarette ends 烟头 come to an end 结束，完毕。 The meeting came to an end at mid night.Make both ends meet 量入为出,使收支相抵Throw away 扔掉 throw to 向扔过去 throw at 向砸过去(不友好） throw at the window5、They were also quite sure tha
17、t a cigarette end did not start the fire. be able to 能够；be not able to 没有能够 be sure that 对 很有把握； quite sure 相当的把握性 rather adv. 相当 fairly adv. 相当, 公正地, 诚实地 quite( completely)ratherfairly 程度一个比一个轻 quite a few 颇有几个( 相当多的) quite 事实上，非常 it was quite a bargain. 颇为，相当地 she is a quite good actress.start a f
18、irecause a fire（start vt. 使发生，引起） Start in doing sth.=start on doing sth.着手做某事 Start to do sth=start doing sth.开始做某事6、This morning, however, a firemen accidentally discovered the cause. accidentally =by chance 偶然地 discover 本身含有偶然发现（某个已经存在的东西）的含义 I dont know who discovered America. Cause 和 reason 都既可
19、以作名词有可以作动词Cause 表示某事发生的直接原因，即起因 vt .导致，引起reason 指解释某事为什么发生的理由或借口，不一定是起因，多用于人的行为 vt/vi.评理，劝说 （常与 with,into,out of 连用） i reasoned with him for hours.劝说某人Reason sb into doing sth.=talk sb into doing sth 劝说某人做某事Out of (doing) sth.= out of (doing) sth.7、He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound r
20、ound the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line. notice 注意别人没注意的东西 定语从句the remains 表示“尸体，残骸 ”，必须用复数形式： The villagers were surprised to see the remains of an aeroplane near the lake. 16,000-volt power line 连字符 “-”一旦加在两个词之间, 这个词之间就失去了加复数的资格, 能够加连字符的概念一定是做定语 wind vt. 缠绕，卷在上；盘旋，蜿蜒 vt. 缠绕，卷在上（常与 arou
21、nd/round 连用） wind the clock 给闹钟上弦Did you wind this piece of wire round the tree? vt. 蜿蜒，盘旋 wind ones way 蜿蜒而行 8、In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. in this way 就这样 solve the mystery 揭开谜底9、A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. had done 先发生的事
22、Snatch up sth from the ground 从地上抓起来drop 无意掉下去的 Drop vt/vi Fall 不及物 the book fell from the table to the floor. Prices fell = prices dropped 价格跌下去10、When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire. do so 这么做 I refuse to do so.我拒绝这么做 so 常用于一些动词之后，代指前面提过的某个动作/某件事，
23、以免重复 I think/believe so. 【Key structures 】一般过去时、现在完成时与现在完成进行时一般过去时通常与一个表示确切的时间的状语连用，过去某个时间发生的某个动作或处于的状态现在完成时则有时与表示一段时间的状语连用，有时不需要时间状语，过去某一动作对现在的影响。而现在完成进行时则有时与表示一段时间的状语连用，有时与 all+表示时间的名词连用。现在完成时与一般过去时中既可以用状态动词（表示存在、拥有、感情、思想、需求等的动词）也可以用行为动词，现在完成进行时则通常与行为动词连用。一直进行着，一直发生着Have put; have been trying ; ex
24、amined; were not; were 【Special Difficulties】 Throw to，Throw at and Throw away throw 作及物动词主要含义为“投，掷，抛，扔” 。 throw to (sb.)扔给（某人） He threw the ball to me and I caught it.throw at 对准某一目标扔 The boy threw a stone at the window and broke it. throw away 扔掉，丢弃 Many people throw away cigarette ends carelessly
25、. Cause and Reason cause n. 原因，起因； Do you know the cause of the war? What was the cause of the delay? v. 使产生/发生，引起 cause sth.导致, 引起 What caused the accident? cause sb. to do sth.导致某人做某事 reason n. 理由，原因 Give me your reasons for going there. 作“原因”讲时， reason 与 cause 可以互换，但 reason 与介词 for 连用；而 cause 则与介
26、词 of 连用。 reason 后面通常跟 why 引导的从句： That was the reason why the meeting was put off. v. 推理，劝导，说服 reason with sb. 劝说(以道理 ) How can you reason with him when he is so worried? Drop and Fall drop vi. c. extinguished it (扑灭了它)；d. turned it off (关掉，关上它)，只有 c. extinguished it 与前面一句中的 put out the fire (把火扑灭) 意
27、义相同，所以选 c.9. d 只有 d. this morning 今天早上, 是正确的表达方式 .其它 3 个选择都不符合习惯用法,都不是正确的表达方式.所以选 d.10. a a. by chance (偶然)，b. chancily (没有这个词)； c. fortunately (幸运地) 和 d. luckily (侥幸地，幸运地)这 4 个选择中只有 a. by chance 同前一句中的 accidentally (偶然地)意义相同，所以选 a.11. c 前一句的短语 In this way 是“用这种方法“, 本句需要选一个同这一短语含义相符合的短语. a. Thats so 就是如此 b. like this 像这样 d. so 因此, 这 3 个选择都不符合题目意思. 只有 c. Thats how(那就是的方法)同 In this way 的含义相符合,因为 how 相当于 the way in which ,所以选 c.12. c a. taken(拿), b. pulled(拉,拖), c. seized(抓住)和 d. carried(携带)4 个选择中只有 c. seized 同前一句的snatched(抓住)意义相同,所以选 c.
