1、1大连外国语大学翻译专业本科毕业论文（翻译实践报告类）写作规范2016 年 12 月修订 2目录 一、毕业论文的全套材料 3二、毕业论文的基本结构 3三、论文的字体和字号要求 3 四、纸张打印格式 4 五、论文前置部分的格式要求 4六、论文主体部分的格式要求 5七、英语封面样本 7八、英语摘要样本 9 九、汉语摘要样本 11十、英语致谢样本 (1) (2) .12十一、英语提纲样本 14十二、论文的标题标注样本 含参考文献样本(1)(2) 16十三、网上参考文献格式说明 27十四、中文参考文献格式说明 34十五、MLA 论文写作规范简略说明 36十六、附录样本533一、毕业论文的全套材料1论文
2、袋2大连外国语大学本科毕业论文（设计）指导手册 （学生用，用黑色签字笔填写）3表 1 中期检查表（教师用,打印签字版）4表 2 指导教师评语表（教师用，打印签字版）5表 3 评阅人评语表（教师用，打印签字版）6表 4 答辩记录表（教师用，打印签字版，表格中评语及以下部分用黑色签字笔填写）7论文打印文本（一式一份，左侧装订）二、毕业论文的基本结构1前置部分（按以下顺序排列）：中文封面、诚信承诺书、英文封面、英语摘要、汉语摘要、英语致谢、英语目录（以上各项均单独成页） 。2主体部分：引言、正文、结论、参考文献（以上各项均单独成页） 。3附录部分：原文和译文、术语表或人名地名表等（以上各项均单独成页
3、，有或无视情况而定） 。三、论文的字体和字号要求1英语的字体为 Times New Roman, 汉语的字体为宋体。2英语和汉语的字号均为小四，且不必加粗。4四、纸张打印格式1论文要求使用激光打印，纸张尺寸为 A4，打印 1 份。2行间距：英语为 2 倍行距，汉语为 1.5 倍行距。3页边距：上 2.5 厘米，下 2.5 厘米，左 3.5 厘米，右 2 厘米。4页脚插入页码，居中。页码从封面至提纲的最后一页采用罗马字母排列，即 i，ii，iii.,封面作为 i 页，页码不显示。页码自正文开始用阿拉伯数字排列至论文结束，位于页底居中。5一律采用左侧装订。五、论文前置部分的格式要求1. 英语封面：
4、1）所在大学名称；2）论文题目；3）学位专业培养院/系/将获学位；4）论文作者姓名；5)学生所在年级、班级；6）导师姓名；7）毕业年月。英语封面的字体全部大写，居中排列。封面上论文题目中出现的英文书名（含小说名）应加下划线、英文文章名应加双引号，中文书名、文章名均应加书名号，例如：A REPORT ON THE TRANSLATION OF AN EXCERPT FROM LABYRINTH /迷宫节选的翻译实践报告，或 A REPORT ON THE TRANSLATION OF“STORIES OF FIVE CITIES”/五城记的翻译实践报告。2. 摘要部分：摘要为论文内容的简短总结，
5、不加注释和评论，它具有独立性和自含性。英语摘要字数控制在 300 字左右且控制在一个页面以内，汉语摘要的内容要与英语摘要内容保持一致。 “ABSTRACT”（英语摘要的标题：字体大写）和“摘要” （汉语摘要的标题）居中排列。汉语“摘要” 下要有论文5的汉语标题。标题下要有作者的汉语姓名。3. 英汉摘要中的关键词（Key Words）：选择 3 至 5 个作为关键词，左对齐，隔一行排列在摘要正文下方。英语关键词之间使用逗号（“， ”）间隔，汉语关键词之间使用分号（“；” ）间隔。最后一个关键词后不使用句号。4. 英文目录：论文题目居中。论文要使用短语目录格式（Phrase Outline）, 格
6、式参见论文英语目录样本。六、论文主体部分的格式要求1正文中的各部分标题应与英语目录（CONTENTS ）中所列的标题一致，标示出论文的部分，一级标题序号用罗马数字 I，II，III 等，二级标题序号用 A，B，C 等，三级标题用 1，2，3 等。每部分（I，II，III，IV ） 开始时应单独成页。2目录（CONTENTS） 。3正文是论文的核心部分，占主要篇幅，字数不得少于 3000 字。4正文中直接（或间接）引用他人资料必须标明出处，作品信息在论文的Works Cited 中全部列出。5正文要有论文的标题，居中排列。论文标题的每个词首字母（除虚词外）均要大写。各部分的分标题仅首词首字母大写
7、，分标题需要左对齐。6论文正文要两端对齐。正文开始部分与顶端空出一行的距离。7论文后应附参考文献（Works Cited） ，数量不能少于 8 项，其中英语文献不少于一半，而且列出的作品必须要能够在校园网上查得到或能够提供参考资料的复印件。文后的“Works Cited”字样要居中排列，与页面顶端不空出一6行的距离。英语文献列在前，汉语文献列在后。英语文献要求一律采用 MLA格式（参见论文参考文献格式说明） ；汉语文献具体格式依据我国国家标准GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则 。顺序要按文献作者姓氏的汉语拼音字母排列，不加序号。8正文内引注格式说明：(1) 当英语或汉语的引文超过四行（包括
8、四行）时，不可再在文中使用引号引文。应另起行，左缩进 10 个英文字符的位置对齐开始打字；(2)正文中标注汉语文献的方法：（作者姓的汉语拼音 页码） ，括号中作者的姓与页码之间要空一格，例如：（Wang 87） 。如果引用同一个作者的多部作品，在正文中要使用（作者的姓，页码，出版年代）的方法标注，例如：（Wang，87，1990） 。如果引用作者同一年发表的多部作品，应在出版年代后用英文小写字母排序，例如：（Wang，87，1990a） 。如果引用文献中有重姓的作者，应在标注时使用作者的全名，例如：（Wang Fang 87） 。如果引用两个或两个以上的作者共同发表的一部作品可采用（第一作者的
9、姓，第二作者的姓 页码）的方法标注，所列出的最后一个作者的姓与页码之间要空一格，例如：（Wang，Li 87） 。 9附录：附录中的原文必须为不少于 3000 字或词左右的篇幅，可以是英文单词，也可以是汉字。原文必须为同一文本的连续组成部分，或者是不同长短的同类文本的集合，以确保报告内容的同源性及报告分析结果的一致性及有效性。译文必须具有原创性，即译者在从事翻译实践时，原文尚未有公开发表或出版的译文。附录 1 为原文和译文，附录 2 为术语表或人名地名表等。7七、英语封面样本Comment u1: 学校名称上面空一行;本页各项居中，全部单词大写，不加粗，小四号字Comment u2: 空两行C
10、omment u3: 文本题目Comment u4: 空两行Comment u5: 学生姓名，大写汉语拼音，姓+名，小四号字, 如：WANG MINGComment u6: 阿拉伯数字，如：4Comment u7: 阿拉伯数字，小四号字，如：2011Comment u8: 空一行Comment u9: 导师姓名，大写汉语拼音，姓+名，小四号字，如： ZHANG DANYANGComment u10: 空一行Comment u11: 论文定稿时间， 小四号字，如：APRIL OF 20178DALIAN UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGESA REPORT ON THE
11、 TRANSLATION OF TITLE OF THE TEXTA THESIS SUBMITTED TO SCHOOL OF ADVANCED TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETATION IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF ARTSBY NAME OF STUDENTCLASS: NUMBER OF CLASSGRADE: YEAR OF GRADEADVISER: NAME OF ADVISERMONTH OF YEAR9八、英语摘要样本Comment A12:
12、 ABSTRACT 上面不空行，居中、不加粗、每个字母大写，字体 Times New Roman，小四号字。摘要内容是对全篇论文的综述，所以应避免出现引用、图表、数据统计等。摘要总结论文内容，简明扼要陈述研究的问题，描述研究的方法与设计思路，研究的主要发现以及研究结果的意义。字数 300字左右，控制在一页。两倍行间距，使用陈述句，避免疑问句。行文采用第三人称，避免第一人称出现，保持论文内容的客观性。Comment A13: 选题意义或重要性。Comment A14: 实践报告主体内容梗概。Comment A15: 实践报告的意义。Comment A16: Key Word两词中首字母大写、单词
13、之间用“,”间隔，每个关键词首字母大写。关键词与摘要正文之间空一行。10ABSTRACTThis report is based on the translation practice of the essay “Stories of Five Cities”. The author Yu Qiuyu, a renowned scholar, enjoys a high reputation for cultural essays and deserves an international fame. As one of his magnum opuses, “Stories of Five
14、Cities” depicts five important Chinese cities, Kaifeng, Nanjing, Chengdu, Lanzhou and Guangzhou. Translating this essay not only reveals the delicate words, unique writing style and deep thinking of Yu but also is a great opportunity to introduce Chinese cities.This report describes all the procedur
15、es in this Chinese-to-English translation project, including task description, process description, case analysis and conclusion. The emphasis of this report is case analysis which focuses on the techniques adopted for two main difficulties during the process, the translation of rhetorical devices a
16、nd culture-loaded words. In this project, the most frequently used translating methods for rhetorical devices are literal translation and omission while as for culture-loaded words, literal translation with annotation and free translation are often used. Finally, this report concludes the significan
17、ce and limitations of the project.This report attempts to draw experiences on Chinese-to-English essay translation by discussing effective translating methods for “stories of five cities”. It tries to arouse the attention of more translators to introduce Chinese literary works to the world and preve
18、nt the translator and others from making the same errors that occurred in this project.Key Words: Rhetorical Devices, Culture-loaded Words, EssayComment A17: 上面不空行，汉语一律宋体小四号字，英汉摘要内容保持严格一致。Comment A18: 作者姓名（汉语）Comment A19: 选题意义或重要性。Comment A20: 实践报告主体内容梗概。Comment A21: 实践报告的意义。Comment A22: 各关键词之间用“；”间
19、隔。关键词与摘要正文之间空一行。11九、汉语摘要样本摘 要五城记的翻译实践报告X X X本次翻译实践报告选自散文五城记。其作者余秋雨是著名的学者，他以文化散文而享有盛誉，并应该赢得国际声望。作为他的代表作之一，五城记介绍了五座重要的中国城市：开封、南京、成都、兰州和广州。翻译此文不仅可以体现余秋雨精妙的用词、独具特色的写作风格以及深刻的思考，同时也提供了介绍中国城市的契机。本实践报告描述了此次汉译英翻译实践的所有过程，包括任务描述、过程描述、案例分析和结论。该报告着重介绍了案例分析部分，该部分关注翻译过程中遇到的两大难点的处理：修辞手法的翻译和文化负载词的翻译。在该报告中，修辞手法的处理中常用
20、的翻译技巧是直译法和省译法，而文化负载词的翻译多运用直译加注法和意译法。最后，该报告总结了此次翻译实践的意义和局限。本实践报告通过讨论针对五城记的有效翻译手法，尝试总结汉译英散文翻译的经验。报告尝试吸引更多译者将中国文学介绍给世界，也希望该译者和其他译者们日后能规避此次翻译实践中出现的失误。关键词：修辞手法；文化负载词；散文Comment u23: 英文致谢，居中，不加粗，小四，每个字母都大写。字体Times New Roman，小四号字； 至少写半页或半页以上，内容不宜过少。Comment u24: 导师姓名 （汉语拼音） 。Comment u25: 该部分内容两倍行间距，字体 Times
21、New Roman，小四号字。12十、英语致谢样本(1) (2)ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSI want to present my sincere thanks to all dear teachers in the School of Translation and Interpretation of Dalian University of Foreign Languages, especially my supervisor Professor (or Mr.) My special thanks are also dedicated to my family who are al
22、ways supportive by giving me immeasurable help in life and make my academic life possible. Comment u26: 上面不空行，英文致谢，居中，不加粗，小四，每个字母都大写。字体 Times New Roman，小四号字。Comment u27: 导师姓名 （汉语拼音）Comment u28: 该部分内容 2倍行间距，字体 Times New Roman，小四号字。13ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSI would like to thank many people for helping me to
23、get this thesis finished. First, I owe particular thanks to my advisor, Professor XXX, who has been so responsible and patient in supervising me in writing up the thesis. With her help, I understand Next I would like to thank my fellow classmates and friends. I offer my enduring gratitude for their
24、true friendship and kind help. Since my thesis is based on the results of interviews, Special thanks go to my parents, who have supported me throughout my years of education, both morally and financially. They taught me how to be a good daughter, a diligent student and an upstanding person. Without
25、their support, .14十一、英语提纲样本Comment u29: 上面不空行，居中，不加粗，每个字母大写，该部分行距：2倍行间距。Comment u30: 从封面到英文目录用小罗马数字标记页码（页底、居中） ，封面作为第一页不显示页码。Comment A31: 第一个层次使用大写罗马数字表示，后面用句点结尾。Comment A32: 此部分可不进行二级目录分解。Comment u33: 从文章正文开始用阿拉伯数字标注页码（页底，居中） 。Comment A34: 每一个层次下至少应该出现平行的两个层次，即：有 A必有 B。15CONTENTSABSTRACT.ii摘要.ivACK
26、NOWLEDGEMENTS.vCONTENTS.viI. Task description .1 . Process description.3 A. Preparation before translation.3B. Process of translation.4C. Issues after translation.5. Case analysis.6A. Translation of rhetorical devices .6B. Translation of culture-loaded words .11. Conclusion.17A. Significance.17B. Li
27、mitations.18Works Cited.20Appendix 1.22Appendix 2.4216十二、论文的标题标注样本Comment A35: 上面不空行。文本名需按要求斜体或加双引号。小四，居中；实词的首字母大写、四个字母以下（包括四个字母）的虚词的首字母不大写，四个字母以上字母的虚词，如：Between 首字母需大写。Comment A36: 左对齐。此部分应首先对拟翻译原文的文本特点进行介绍和全面分析，包括语言、语体、文化等各个层面的风格和特征，然后提出在翻译中会碰到的问题以及对问题的处理。此部分中提到的问题应较为全面，并包含后文案例分析部分中要重点探讨的典型问题。Comm
28、ent A37: 每段开头左缩进五个字符。Comment u38: 文内注：作者姓+空格+页码写到小括号里，简短的引用置于句子中间。Comment u39: 同一作家的多部作品名在文中出现，文内注标出作品第一个实词，如是书则下划线，如是文章则加引号，作者性+“,”+ 作品名+ 空格+页码范围写到小括号里。Comment u40: 四行以内的直接引用需加引号，文内注在引号以外，在句末或句中标点以内。17A Report on the Translation of “Stories of Five Cities”I. Task descriptionThe source text is an ex
29、cerpt from a Chinese essay, “Stories of Five Cities”, written by Yu Qiuyu. This essay is chosen for two main reasons: first, Yu Qiuyu, an outstanding essayist, scholar and artistic theoretician in modern Chinese literary world, has inspired me for many years by his attitude towards culture. Despite
30、all the hardships and dangers, Yu traveled to almost all places of great historical and cultural significance in the world, including politically unstable areas, and wrote eight essay collections to introduce cultural sites and human civilization to the readers. His dedication to culture transmissio
31、n enriches my purpose of translation and drives me to introduce him to more people.Critics believe the play “celebrates the horror of anti-Semitism” (Fiedler 98), and it “constitutes an indictment of the hypocrisy of Christian society” (Zaslavsky 185). Shakespeare uses his controversial “other,” Shy
32、lock the Jew, to call the Venetian Christians on their religious inconsistencies. “What startles and delights us is Shylocks shrewd indictment of Christian hypocrisy” (Bloom 189). Of course, the Venetian citizens do not listen to him. Shylock rightfully asserts, “If a Christian wrongs a Jew, what sh
33、ould his sufferance be by Christian example? Why, revenge. The villainy you teach me I will execute, and it shall go hard but I will better the instruction” (Shakespeare, Merchant 58-61).Comment A41: 一级标题需另起一页。Comment u42: 四行（含四行）以上的大段引用，整段向左缩进 10个字符。文内注在标点符号后面。18II. Process descriptionAs a cultural
34、 essay, “Stories of Five Cities” is a challenge for translators since it is necessary to keep both the meaning and the style. In order to perfect the translated text, the translating process was divided into three major stages, with each concentrating on different tasks.A. Preparation before transla
35、tionIn the very first stage of preparation, it is of great importance to get a comprehensive understanding of both the writing style of Yu Qiuyu and the five cities introduced in the essay. On the one hand, as a renowned scholar, artistic theoretician and essay writer, Yu Qiuyu excels in combining h
36、is extensive traveling experience with delicate words.For centuries Jews have been accused of treacherous acts, including the murder of Jesus, poisoning wells, the ritual murder of Christian children, and the Bubonic plague and controlling the media and the banks. Many of these falsities have roots
37、in historical circumstances, and longstanding fear and misunderstanding. Tragically, these lies continue to be launched against Jews. Without an examination of both historic and contemporary anti-Semitism, students may be left with stereotypical and negative conceptions of Jews and Judaism. (Hassel
38、254)B. Process of translation19C. Issues after translationThe main issue after translation is quality control consisting of proofreading by myself and others.Comment A43: 三级标题用阿拉伯数字加点表示，如：“1.”Comment A44: 用于举例的原文中需要进行分析的部分应用下划线标识。Comment A45: 用于举例的原文在附录中的行数和页数要放在小括号里列出。Comment A46: 译文中与原文对应的部分也应用下划线
39、标识。Comment A47: 用于举例的译文在附录中的行数和页数也要放在小括号里列出。20III. Case analysisThe difficulties and problems encountered during the translation are various but can mainly be summarized as two groups: translation of rhetorical devices and translation of culture-loaded words. A. Translation of rhetorical devicesRhet
40、oric, also called figure of speech, is “a method to improve the effect of language using by modifying and adjusting the sentences as well as adopting specific forms of expression” (Hornby 1712). There are various rhetorical devices, such as simile, metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, personification, pa
41、rallelism, euphemism, allegory, irony and paradox, among which the most frequently used ones in “Stories of Five Cities” are personification, allusion, simile, repetition, contrast and parallelism. 1. Literal translationExample 1:Source text: 但是，淤泥下的一切属于记忆，记忆像银灰色的梦，不会有其它色彩。（Line15 ，Page 54）Target te
42、xt: However, all under the silt belong to memory which resembles a silvery gray dream with no other colors. （Line 19， Page 54）Comment u48: 汉语材料的引用：（汉语拼音姓）+空格+ 页码写到小括号里。21Example 1 includes the use of simile which means “a word or phrase that compares something to something else, using the words like
43、 or as” (Hornby 1869). This sentence uses “银灰色的梦” to describe “记忆”, which creates a vivid picture of the feel of memory. The image “dream” carries the same information in both Chinese and English and the color “silvery gray” gives people a similar feeling in both languages. Therefore, literal transl
44、ation is adopted here. 2. B. Some people take the point that, The merchant of Venice shows anti-Semitism. However, from the detailed plots and compare with the people of that age, Shakespeare showed a great deal of sympathy to Shylock. Shakespeare was greatly against greed, cruelty, and racial discr
45、imination, glorified friendship, love, and mercy. (Liang 151)Hamilton highlights yet another point: “the Christ-figure in this play is not only not sacrificed but also happy to be relieved of his obligations” Comment u49: 引文作者姓名已在前文出现（跨段或跨页的情况除外） ，文内注中只需标出页码范围。22(131). Antonio shows no mercy to Shylock when Portia pronounces his sentenceC.
