1、形容词变副词1.一般情况下直接加“ly” ,如:quick-quickly; polite-politely; sad-sadly; imediate-immediately; recent-recently2. 少数以 e 结尾的形容词,要去掉 e 再加-ly。如:true-truly; due-duly绝大多数辅音字母加 e 结尾的形容词直接加 -ly。如:polite-politely; wide-widely; wise-wisely;nice-nicely3. 以 “y”结尾的,且读音为 / i /, 先将“y”改成 “i”,再加“ly”,如:happy-happily; heavy
2、-heavily; angry-angrily; busy-busily但是如果读音为 / ai /, 直接加 ly,如:dry-dryly; sly-slyly; shy-shyly4.以 ic 结尾的词,加 ally,如:economic-economically; basic-basically; scientific-scientifically; automatic-automatically; energetic-energetically; 但是 public-publicly 例外。5.以辅音字母加 le 结尾时 ,去 e 加 y,如:simple-simply; consid
3、erable-considerably; terrible-terriblygentle-gently; possible-possibly; probable-probably; incredible-incredibly元音字母加 le 时加 ly,如:sole-solely 。但是 whole-wholly 例外。6. 以 -ll 结尾时,只须加 y,如:dull-dully; shrill-shrilly。动词 ing1. 以 e 结尾的动词去掉 e 加 ing: hopehoping2. 重读闭音节的动词要双写最后一个字母再加 ing: stop-stopping shopping
4、sitting putting cutting running planning beginning3. 以 ie 结尾的动词把 ie 变成 y 再加 ing: die-dying lie-lying tietying动词的过去式1、 以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词 ,直接加-d,如:lived, achieved2、在动词原形后直接加 ed,如:wanted, played.3、 重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母,再加 ed,如:stopped, shipped.4、以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词变 y 为 i,再加 ed,如:studied, worried.5、有些动词不符合上面的规则,需要特殊记忆 ,如:am(is)-was ,are-were, go-went ,eat-ate,swim-swam,buy-bought,see-saw,teach-taught,bring-brought,think-thought。