1、二级笔译必译真题从 19 世纪 40 年代之后的鸦片战争、甲午战争，到庚子之乱乃至 20 世纪 30 年代的日本侵华战争，中国惨遭东西方列强的屠戮和极其野蛮的经济掠夺；再加上封建腐败和连年内乱，中国主权沦丧、生灵涂炭、国力衰弱、民不聊生。深重的灾难、惨痛的事实使中华民族深知和平之珍贵、发展之重要。这样的历史实践形成了中国人民渴望和平、企求安定的心理，坚定了中国人民走和平发展道路的信念。1949 年新中国成立后，我们在发展道路上艰辛探索，既经历过成功的喜悦，也经受过失败的挫折。从 1978 年开始，中国开启了新的征程，从计划转向市场，从封闭转向开放，从自成一体转向融入经济全球化，走独立自主地建设
2、中国特色社会主义的道路，取得了举世瞩目的辉煌成就。实践充分证明，坚持走和平发展的道路是正确的，既符合中国国情，又顺应时代潮流。中国将沿着这条和平发展的道路，坚定不移地走下去。参考译文：From the Opium War and the First Sino-Japanese War after the 1840s, Chinas War on Foreign Invaders 1900 to the Japanese War of Aggression against China in 1930s, China was subject to the butchering of the the
3、n strong powers in the West and East and their extremely barbarian economic depredation. This, coupled with feudal corruption and years of successive civil strife and chaos, led to the loss of Chinas sovereignty and the horrendous suffering of her people, her national strength failing and people bar
4、ely surviving. The grave disasters and the harsh facts have ingrained deeply into the Chinese nation the value of peace and the importance of development. Such a historic experience has shaped the psychology of the Chinese people in our quest for peace and hope for stability, consolidating our belie
5、f in following a path to peaceful development. After the founding of New China in 1949, we have made arduous explorations in the course of our development, going through both the joys of success and the frustrations of failure. Starting from 1978, China has embarked on a new journey of transforming
6、from a planned to a market economy, from cloistered up to opening up, from exclusive self-sustaining to integration into globalization. By following a path of building socialism with Chinese characteristics in an independent and self-reliant manner, we have scored glorious achievements that attracte
7、d worldwide attention. Practice has amply demonstrated that it is right to adhere to a path of peaceful development, as it conforms to both Chinas reality and the trend of the times. China will unswervingly march onward alongside this path to peaceful development.三级Please translate the following par
8、agraph into Chinese. Last Friday an advisory panel to the European Environment Agency issued an extraordinary scientific opinion: The European Union should suspend its goal of having 10 percent of transportation fuel made from biofuel by 2020.The European Unions biofuel targets were increased and ex
9、tended from 5.75 percent by 2010 to 10 percent by 2020 just last year. Still， Europes well-meaning rush to biofuels， the scientists concluded， had produced a slew of harmful ripple effectsfrom deforestation in Southeast Asia to higher prices for grains.In a recommendation released last weekend， the
10、20-member panel， made up of some of Europes most distinguished climate scientists， called the 10 percent target “overambitious“ and an “experiment“ whose “unintended effects are difficult to predict and difficult to control.“The idea was that we felt we needed to slow down， to analyze the issue care
11、fully and then come back at the problem，“ Laszlo Somlyody， the panels chairman and a professor at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics， said in a telephone interview.He said that part of the problem was that when it set the targets， the European Union was trying desperately to solve t
12、he problem of rising transportation emissions “in isolation，“ without adequately studying the effects of other sectors like land use and food supply.“The starting point was correct: Im happy that the European Union took the lead in cutting greenhouse gasses and we need to control traffic emissions，“
13、 Somlyody said. “But the basic problem is it thought of transport alone， without considering all these other effects. And we dont understand those very well yet.“The panels advice is not binding and it is not clear whether the European Commission will follow the recommendation.It has become increasi
14、ngly clear that the global pursuit of biofuelsencouraged by a rash of targets and subsides in both Europe and the United Stateshas not produced the desired effect.Investigations have shown， for example， rain forests and peat swamp are being cleared to make way for biofuel plantations， a process that
15、 produces more emissions than the biofuels can save. Equally concerning， land needed to produce food for people to eat is planted with more profitable biofuel crops， and water is diverted from the drinking supply.In Europe and the United States， food prices for items like pizza and bread have increa
16、sed significantly as grain stores shrink and wheat prices rise.The price of wheat and rice are double those of a year ago， and corn is a third higher， the UN Food and Agriculture Organization said this week.“Food price inflation hits the poor hardest， as the share of food in their total expenditures
17、 is much higher than that of wealthier populations，“ said Henri Josserand of the Food and Agriculture OrganizationFor example， the European Environment Agency advisory panel suggests that the best use of plant biomass is not for transport fuel but to heat homes and generate electricity.To be useful for vehicles， plant matter must be distilled to a fuel and often transported long distances. To heat a home， it can often be used raw or with minimal processing， and moved just a short distance away.
