1、应有格物致知精神,丁肇中,建始县民族实验中学 邓素梅,学习目标,1理解真正的格物致知的精神。 2理解文章的论证方法。 3学习编写阅读提纲。,丁肇中美籍华裔物理学家。1936年1月出生于美国。三个月后随父母回到中国。1956年到美国密执安大学学习，1960年获得科学硕士学位，1962年获得（物理学）哲学博士学位。1976年获诺贝尔物理学奖金。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
2、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
3、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,丁肇中( ) 瞭望（ ） 缅怀（ ） 朱熹( ) 格物致知( ) 诺贝尔（ ） 儒家（ ） 袖手旁观( ) 测量（ ） 埋没（ ） 不知所措（ ） 彷徨( ),zho,x,zh,nu,r,xi,lin,m,cu,pn hun,lio,min,我能理解：,格
4、物：推究事物的道理。 致知：求知，得到知识。 诚意：真心。使自己的思想诚恳。 正心：端正心思。 修身：旧时指努力提高自己的品德修养。 齐家：整齐家政。 抽象：不能从具体经验到的，笼统的；空洞 的。 袖手旁观：比喻置身事外或不协助别人。 一帆风顺：比喻非常顺利，毫无挫折。,默读课文，整体感知：,1、作者怎样解释“格物致知”？ 2、本文的论点是什么？ 3、本文的结论是什么？ 4、理清课文结构,请按照“提出问题分析问题解决问题”的结构给全文划分层次并归纳意思。,一、论点：应有格物致知精神,三、论证方法：举例论证 . 道理论证,二、论证结构:,分析问题,解决问题 得出结论,必须重视格物致知精神,(2-
5、12),(13),提出论题,首先，指出传统教育的弊端。,然后，分析科学上的实验精神的重要性。,接着，指出当今的中国学生依然轻视实验精神。,(1),谈谈中国学生应该怎样学习自然科学。,问题共探讨？,默读第二部分，思考下列问题：,作者是如何展开论述的，运用了哪些论证方法？,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
6、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
7、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,第一层（2）,第二层（35）,第三层（612）,第二部分,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
8、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
9、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,第一层（2）：正面解释,在中国传统教育里，最重要的书是“四书”。 “四书”之一的大学里这样说：一个人教育的出发点是“格物”和“致知”。就是说，从探察物体而得到知识。用这两个词语描写现代学术发展是再恰当也没有的了。现代学术的基础就是实地的探察，就是我们现在所谓的实验。,第二
10、层（35）:反面论证,作者举了王阳明的例子。我们探讨一下：王阳明 “格”竹子失败证明了什么？,王阳明的“格物”实际上是“格己”，而不是研究万物的道理，这是无用的，不能适用于现在的世界。证明实验的过程不是消极的观察而是积极地实践，也证明了中国古代的传统教育没有真正理解格物致知的含义。,2.怎样进行实验？实验有什么特点？,实验的过程不是消极的观察，而是积极的探测。 实验不是毫无选择的地测量，它需要有细致具体的计划。特别重要的，是要有一个适当的目标，以作为整个探索过程的向导。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
11、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
12、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,3.一个成功的实验者应该具备怎样的素质？它们之间有何联系？,一个成功的实验需要的是眼光、勇气和毅力。,选择正确 的目标,开展
13、实验,坚持完成实验,4.作者列举了什么例子从反面论证实验精神在科学上的重要性？,因为这个文化背景，中国学生大都偏向于理论而轻视实验，偏向于抽象的思维而不愿动手。中国学生往往念功课成绩很好，考试都得近一百分，但是在研究工作中需要拿主意时，就常常不知所措了。,我是受传统教育长大的。到美国大学念物理的时候，起先以为只要很“用功”，什么都遵照老师的指导，就可以一帆风顺了，但是事实并不是这样。一开始做研究便马上发现不能光靠教师，需要自己做主张、出主意。当时因为事先没有准备，不知吃了多少苦。最使我彷徨恐慌的，是当时的唯一办法以埋头读书应付一切，对于实际的需要毫无帮助。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
14、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
15、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,读第三部分，思考下列问题：,格物致知
16、真正的意义是什么？ 为什么说当今社会需要真正的格物致知的精神？ 作者认为今天的教育应当怎样发扬真正的格物致知精神？,格物致知真正的意义是什么？,第一，寻求真理的唯一途径是对事物客观的探索； 第二，探索应该有想象力、有计划，不能消极地袖手旁观。,更多教学资源微信jxzy888666,为什么说当今社会需要真正的格物致知的精神？,真正的格物致知精神，不但研究学术不可缺少，而且对应付今天的世界环境中也是不可少的。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
17、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
18、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,第一，传统的中国教育培养出来的学生缺乏实践能力和创新精神。 第二，科学发展的历史告诉我们，新的知识只能通过实地实验而得到，不是由自我检讨或哲理的清谈就可求到的。 第三，这是应付今天的世界环境
19、必不可少的。,作者认为今天的教育应当怎样发扬真正的格物致知精神？,作者认为今天的教育应当怎样发扬真正的格物致知精神？,在今天一般的教育里，我们需要培养实验的精神。就是说，不论是研究自然科学，研究人文科学，还是在个人行动上，我们都要保留一个怀疑求真的态度，要靠实践来发现事物的真相。,再读第三部分，说说作者在结尾表达了什么希望？,希望我们这一代对于格物和致知有新的认识和思考，使得实验精神真正变成中国文化的一部分。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
20、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
21、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,引论（提出论点）：应有格物致知精神,本论（阐明道理）,结论（解决问题）：论证“格物致知”的真正意义，提出希望,应有格物致知精神,解释“格物致知”的含义 举例说明在古代并未重视“格物致知”
22、 现代“格物致知”的重要性,培养实验精神 贡献人类社会,本文就中国学生的现状，指出格物致知的重要性和真正意义，希望我们这一代要培养实验的精神。文章用举事例讲道理论证了中心论点。,总结,拓展延伸：,课文说：“中国学生往往念功课成绩很好，考试都得近一百分，但是面临着需要主意的研究工作时，就常常不知所措了。” 想一下，这是不是符合实际？如果是，应该怎样改进？提出你的建议和方法。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
23、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
24、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,丁肇中逸事1972年夏，丁肇中实验小组利用美国布鲁克海文国家实验室的质子加速器寻找质量在1.5109eV5.5109eV之间的长寿命中性粒子。1974年，他们发现了一个质量约为质子质量3倍(能量为3.1109eV)的长寿命中性粒子。在公开发表这个发现时，丁肇中把这个新粒子取名为J粒子，“J”和汉字“丁”字形相近，寓意是中国人发现的粒子。,与此同时，美国人里希特也发现了这种粒子，并取名为粒子。后来人们就把这种粒子称为J/粒子。J/粒子具有奇特的性质，其寿命值比预料值大5000倍。这表明它有新的内部结构，不能用当时已知的3种味夸克来解释，而需要引进第四种夸克即粲夸克来解释。J/粒子的发现大大推动了粒子物理学的发展。,七嘴八舌,请提出本课学习中不懂的 问题或谈谈你的收获！,我行你行大家行！,
