1、with 复合结构专项练习(一)1. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _, he gladly accepted it.(2007 安徽)A. finished B. finishingC. having finished D. was finished2. Now that weve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions _?(2009 全国卷1)A. taking B. takeC. taken D. to take3. You
2、have no idea how she finished the relay race _ her foot wounded so much.(2008 福建)A. for B. whenC. with D. while4. -Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.-Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down. (2007 福建)A. filled B. fillingC. to fill D. being filled5. John received an
3、 invitation to dinner, and with his work _, he gladly accepted it.(2007安徽)A. finished B. finishingC. having finished D. was finished6. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _.(2005 北京)A. going on B. goes onC. went on D. to go on7. _ and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terribl
4、e disease, the patient sought her doctors help to end her life. (2005江西)A. Having given up hope of cure B. With no hope for cureC. There being hope for cure D. In the hope of cure8. _ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.(2004 北京)A. With B. BesidesC. As for D/ Because of
5、9. It was a pity that the great writer died _ his works unfinished.(2004 福建)A. for B. withC. from D. of10. _ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.(2000 全国卷)A. As B. ForC. With D. Through答案:1 A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. Cwith 复合结构专项练习(二)一请选择最佳答案1)With not
6、hing_to burn,the fire became weak and finally died out.A.leaving B.leftC.leave D.toleave2)The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes_on the wall.A.fixing B.fixedC.to be fixing D.to be fixed3)I live in the house with its door_to the south.(这里 with 结构作定语)A.facing B.facesC.faced D.being fa
7、ced4)They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights_.A.burn B.burntC.burning D.to burn二:用 with 复合结构完成下列句子1)_(有很多工作要做) ,I couldnt go to see the doctor.2)She sat_(低着头) 。3)The day was bright_.(微风吹拂)4)_, (心存梦想)he went to Hollywood.三 把下列句子中的划线部分改写成 with 复合结构。1)Because our lessons were over
8、,we went to play football._.2)The children came running towards us and held some flowers in their hands._.3)My mother is ill,so I wont be able to go on holiday._.4)An exam will be held tomorrow, so I couldnt go to the cinema tonight._.答案及分析答案(一):1)答案是 B.with 的宾语 nothing 和动词 leave 是被动关系,所以用过去分词形式作宾语补
9、足语。2)答案是 B.短语 fix ones eyes onsth 是“盯着看”的意思,所以句中 hereyes 和动词 fix 是被动关系,所以用过去分词。3)答案是 A.face“朝、向”,是不及物动词,所以和 itsdoor 是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。4)答案是 C.burn“点燃、发亮、发光”,是不及物动词,所以和 theirlights 是主动关系,所以用现在分词。答案(二):1)With a lot of work to do2)with her head bent3)with a fresh breeze blowing4)With a dream in heart答案(三
10、):1)With our lessons over ,we went to play football.2)The children came running towards us with the flowers in their hands.3)With my mother being will,I wont be able to go on holiday.4)With the exam to be held tomorrow,I couldnt go to the cinema tonight.with 复合结构专项练习(三)1. BBC English broadcasts prog
11、rammes for China _ explanation in Chinese.A. in B.for C.with D.as2. The young woman _ a baby sleeping in her arms was wandering in the street.A. with B.because C. on D. like3. Everyone should go to sleep with the light turned off.A. as B. with C. for D. on4. _ so many homework to do, Mary wont have
12、time to play with her friends this morning.A. Without B. With C. By D. Because5. _ the door open, the noise of the machines is almost deafening.A. Because B. As C. With D. Because of6. _ his mother out, he had to stay at home alone.A. As B.For C. Because D. With7. _ all things considered, her propos
13、al is of greater than hisA. Like B.With C. On D. Without8. _ time permitting, we will visit the Summer Palace.A. By B. On C. With D. As参考答案:1-8 CABBCDBC介词 with 复合结构相关的高考试题:1.(NMET.2000) _ production up by 60 % , the company has had another excellent year. A. As B. For C. With D. Through 解析 答案 C。本题考查
14、介词 with 的复合结构“with + n / pron + prep. phrase(介词短语)”的用法。 “as”作为连词,意为“因为、由于” ,其后必须跟从句;作为介词,意为“作为” ,从语法和句意方面都不能用。而 for 和 through 在这里从语法和句意方面也不能用。在这里应用 with,意思是“因为、由于” 。 句意是:由于生产(产品)上升了 60% ,这家公司又有了一个辉煌年。 2.(Beijing. 2004) _two exams to worry about , I have to work really hard this weekend.A. Besides B.
15、 With C. As for D. Because of 解析 答案 B。这道题也是考查介词 with 复合结构用法的。从句子的结构看这里必须要填一个介词,而不能填连词, “as for” 意思是“至于、关于” ;because of 意思是“由于、因为” ,其后不能跟复合结构,所以不能选择 C 和 D。在所给的选项中只有with 才符合构成“ with + n / pron + to do ”结构。句意是:由于担心这两门考试,本周末我得真的用功了 1“with + n / pron + v-ing” 这一结构在句子中作伴随状语,说明情况,其中现在分词表示主动或正在进行的动作。例如: _ou
16、r food _, we had to walk to a village for help.(成都毕业班第一次诊断试题)A. Since; runs out B. Because; run outC. With; running out D. For; running out解析 答案 C。 “since、because、for”作“由于、因为”讲,是连词,其后只能跟从句,不能跟复合结构,所以不能选 A、B、D。由于 run out 是不及物动词短语且与our food 之间存在主谓关系所以只能用 running out 结构,with 在这里表示原因,故答案是 C。句意是:在我们的食物快要
17、用完的情况下,我们不得不向附近的村子求援。 .When mother went into the house, she found her baby was sleeping in bed, _ his lips moving.A. as B. with C. for D. through解析 答案 B。 该题是考查介词短语用作状语用法的。 “as”作为连词,意为“因为、由于” ,其后必须跟从句;作为介词,意为“作为” ,从语法和句意方面都不符合;而 for 和 through 在这里从语法和句意方面也不能用。在所给的选项当中,只有 with 才可以构成这一复合结构,用作表示伴随情况的状语,故
18、选 B。句意是:当妈妈走进房子的时候,她发现自己的孩子正睡在床上,嘴唇一直在动。2.“with + n / pron +v-ed. ”这一结构在句子中作原因状语,其中过去分词表示被动或完成了的动作。例如:-You should have prepared your speech for the meeting , Mrs Smith .-Yes, I know .But how could I _the meeting date fixed so soon .(2005 东北三校联考)A. while B. as C. after D. with解析 答案:D。在所给的选项当中,只有 as 与
19、 with 有“由于、因为” 之意,而as 是连词,其后必须跟从句,所以不能用在这里。只有 with 符合这一用法,构成复合结构,用作表示原因的状语,代词 I 之后省略了动词 prepare。句意是:因为会议日期确定的太快了,我还没有准备好。_ more and more forests damaged ,some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out .(2005 石家庄市高三调研试题)A. As B. For C. With D. By解析 答案 C。此题考查 with 复合结构“with + n / pron +v-e
20、d. ”的用法,在这里表示原因。as 和 for 常常引导的是一个表示原因的句子,而介词 by 显然没有这种用法。句意是:由于越来越多的森林遭到破坏,一些动植物正面临着灭绝的危险。Many large cities, such as Liverpool and New York , have had experiments of this kind, _ old factories turned into successful art centers.(南京市高三模拟试题)A. for B. with C .as D .like解析 答案 B。本题也是考查 with 复合结构用法的,表示一种伴
21、随情况。介词 for与 as 虽具有“由于、因为” 之意,但其后要跟从句, ,like 没有“由于、因为” 之意,应该排除 A、C、D,答案是 B。句意是:随着旧工厂被成功地改制为艺术中心,许多大城市(如利物浦和纽约)都做着这方面的尝试。 3“with + n / pron + to do ”这一结构在句子中作原因状语,其中不定式表示将要发生的动作。 例如:_so much homework to do , I wont have time to go to see the film tonight.A. With B. To C. For D. In解析 答案 A。这里用介词 with 的复
22、合结构作状语表示原因,而 to、for、in 则没有这种复合结构用法,故排除 B、C、D,答案是 B。句意是:由于有许多家庭作业要去做,今晚我没有时间去看电影了。再如:With nothing to do , I sat down watching TV.4“with + n / pron + prep. phrase .”这一结构在句子中作伴随状语,表示状态或说明情况或作定语。例如:_and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor s he
23、lp to end her life .(2005 年江苏省高考试题)A .Having given up hope of cure B. With no hope for cureC . There being hope for cure D. In the hope of cure解析 答案 B。此题考查 with 的复合结构作状语的用法。逗号前的内容作状语,该部分是由介词 with 构成的短语及现在分词短语 suffering from the terrible disease构成的,介词 with 有两个宾语,分别是 no hope for cure 和 no way to reduc
24、e her pain。句意是:这位病人由于没有治愈的希望和减轻其痛苦的方法,她饱受疾病煎熬,于是请求大夫结束她的生命。John starts to work very clearly in the morning and goes on working until late in the afternoon _ a break at midday .A. for B. with C. in D. as解析 答案 B。此题考查介词短语作状语。即“with + n / pron + prep. phrase” 。句意是:约翰早上开始工作,中午稍作休息后又接着工作到下午稍晚些时候。5.“with +
25、 n / pron + adj ” 这一结构常作伴随性状语,表示状态。例如:It was cold outside , the boy ran into the room _ his nose red.A. to B. on C. in D. with解析 答案 D。这个句子是考查 with 的复合结构用法的,用 with +名词(nose)+形容词(red)作状语表示伴随情况。而 to、on 、in 作为介词则没有这种用法,故排除 A、B、C,答案为 D。句意是:外面天气很冷,那个男孩跑进了屋子时,鼻子红红的。再如:Toms father is used to sleeping with t
26、he window open.6. “with + n / pron + adv ”这一结构在句子中常作伴随状语,表示情况或状态。例如:_all the representatives (代表)still not there , the meeting was postponed for several months.A. Without B. With C. By D. Because解析 答案 B。这里应填入一个介词结构以表示原因或状态,而在所给的选项中without 具有否定意义,不能用在这里;by 则表示方式、手段等;because 后则要跟从句,只有 with 具有这种用法,所以选
27、B。句意是:在代表仍然不在场的情况下,会议被推迟了好几个月。类似的,再如:With so many students away , we have got more room.7 “with + n / pron + n ”在句中作定语或状语。如:He died with his son yet a school boy . 1. BBC English broadcasts programmes for China _ explanation in Chinese.A. in B.for C.with D.as2. The young woman _ a baby sleeping in h
28、er arms was wandering in the street.A. with B.because C. on D. like3. Everyone should go to sleep with the light turned off.A. as B. with C. for D. on4. _ so many homework to do, Mary wont have time to play with her friends this morning.A. Without B. With C. By D. Because5. _ the door open, the nois
29、e of the machines is almost deafening.A. Because B. As C. With D. Because of6. _ his mother out, he had to stay at home alone.A. As B.For C. Because D. With7. _ all things considered, her proposal is of greater than hisA. Like B.With C. On D. Without8. _ time permitting, we will visit the Summer Pal
30、ace.A. By B. On C. With D. As参考答案:1-8 CABBCDBCwith 结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述,以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。一、 with 结构的构成它是由介词 with 或 without+复合结构构成 ,复合结构作介词 with 或 without 的复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当,分词可以是现在分词, 也可以是过去分词。Wit
31、h 结构构成方式如下:1. with 或 without-名词 /代词+ 形容词;2. with 或 without-名词 /代词+ 副词;3. with 或 without-名词 /代词+ 介词短语;4. with 或 without-名词 /代词 +动词不定式;5. with 或 without-名词 /代词 +分词。下面分别举例:1、 She came into the room,with her nose red because of cold.(with+名词+形容词,作伴随状语)2、 With the meal over , we all went home.(with+名词+副词
32、,作时间状语)3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。(with+名词+介词短语,作伴随状语。 ) The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.4、He lay in the dark empty house,with not a man ,woman or child to say he was kind to me.(with+名词+ 不定式,作伴随状语) He could not finish it without me to
33、 help him.(without+代词 +不定式,作条件状语)5、She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名词+现在分词 ,作伴随状语) Without anything left in the with 结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述,以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。一、 with 结构的构成它是由介词 with 或 without+复合结构构成 ,复合结构作介词 with 或 without 的
34、复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当,分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。With 结构构成方式如下:1. with 或 without-名词 /代词+ 形容词;2. with 或 without-名词 /代词+ 副词;3. with 或 without-名词 /代词+ 介词短语;4. with 或 without-名词 /代词 +动词不定式;5. with 或 without-名词 /代词 +分词。下面分别举例:1、 She came into the room,with her nose red because o
35、f cold.(with+名词+形容词,作伴随状语)2、 With the meal over , we all went home.(with+名词+副词,作时间状语)3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。(with+名词+介词短语,作伴随状语。 ) The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.4、He lay in the dark empty house,with not a man ,woman or child to s
36、ay he was kind to me.(with+名词+ 不定式,作伴随状语) He could not finish it without me to help him.(without+代词 +不定式,作条件状语)5、She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名词+现在分词 ,作伴随状语) Without anything left in the cupboard, shewent out to get something to eat.(without+代词 +过去分词,作为原因状语)二、with 结构的用法在句子中 with 结构多数
37、充当状语,表示行为方式,伴随情况、时间、原因或条件(详见上述例句)。With 结构在句中也可以作定语。例如:1.I like eating the mooncakes with eggs.2.From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water.3.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house.三、 with 结构的特点1. wit
38、h 结构由介词 with 或 without+复合结构构成。复合结构中第一部分与第二部分语法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系,而在逻辑上,却具有主谓关系,也就是说, 可以用第一部分作主语,第二部分作谓语,构成一个句子。例如: With him taken care of,we felt quite relieved.(欣慰)(He was taken good care of.) She fell asleep with the light burning. (The light was burning.) With her hair gone,there could be no use for th
39、em. (Her hair was gone.)2. 在 with 结构中,第一部分为人称代词时 ,则该用宾格代词。例如: He could not finish it without me to help him.四、 几点说明:1. with 结构在句子中的位置: with 结构在句中作状语, 表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在句子前面,并用逗号与句子分开;表示方式和伴随状况时一般放在句子后面, 不用逗号分开。若 with 结构作定语,则放在所修饰的名词之后,一般不用逗号隔开。2. with 结构作状语时 ,不定式、现在分词 、和过去分词的区别: 在 with 结构中,不定式、现在分词作宾补,
40、表示主动,但是不定式表示将要发生的动作,而现在分词表示正在发生或发生了的动作;过去分词表示被动或完成。例如: With the boy leading the way,we found he house easily.(小男孩已领过路)With the boy to lead the way,we will find the house easily tomorrow.(小男孩明天将领路)He lay on the bed with the bedroom door shut.(寝室被关着)3. with 结构与一般的 with 短语的区别: with 结构具有上述功能和特点, 而“介词 wi
41、th+名词或代词(组)“ 组成的一般的 with 短语在句子中可以作定语和状语。作状语时 ,它能表示动作的方式、原因,但不能表示时间、伴随和条件。在一般的 with 短语中,with 后面所跟的不是复合结构,也根本没有逻辑上的主谓关系。4. with 结构与独立主格结构的关系: with 结构属于独立主格结构, 但在结构上,with 结构由介词 with 或 without 引导,名词前有冠词、形容词、所有格代词或其它词类所修饰 ,结构较松散;而独立主格结构没有 with 或 without 引导, 结构严密,名词前可用可不用修饰语。在句法功能上,with 结构可以作定语,独立主格结构则不能;
42、独立主格结构通常在句中作状语,但也可以作主语,而 with 结构则不能。独立主格在口语中不常用,往往由一个从句代替, 而 with 结构较口语化, 较常用。例如:There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them.(“with+复合宾语“结构,在句中作定语)A strong man working a whole day could not jump this high.(名词+ 现在分词构成的独立主格结构,作主语)The boy said,turning to the man,his eyes opened wide and
43、 his hand raised.(独立主格结构,表示伴随状况或行为方式,作状语)Then last night,I followed him here,and climbed in,sword in hand.(名词+介词短语构成的独立主格结构,作状语,表示伴随情况) board, she went out to get something to eat.(without+代词+过去分词,作为原因状语)二、with 结构的用法在句子中 with 结构多数充当状语,表示行为方式,伴随情况、时间、原因或条件(详见上述例句)。With 结构在句中也可以作定语。例如:1.I like eating
44、the mooncakes with eggs.2.From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water.3.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house.三、 with 结构的特点1. with 结构由介词 with 或 without+复合结构构成。复合结构中第一部分与第二部分语法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系,而在逻辑上,却具有主谓
45、关系,也就是说, 可以用第一部分作主语,第二部分作谓语,构成一个句子。例如: With him taken care of,we felt quite relieved.(欣慰)(He was taken good care of.) She fell asleep with the light burning. (The light was burning.) With her hair gone,there could be no use for them. (Her hair was gone.)2. 在 with 结构中,第一部分为人称代词时 ,则该用宾格代词。例如: He could not finish it without me to help him.四、 几点说明:1. with 结构在句子中的位置: with 结构在句中作状语, 表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在句子前面,并用逗号与句子分开;表示方式和伴随状况时一般放在句子后面, 不用逗号分开。若 with 结构作定语,则放在所修饰的名词之后,一般不用逗号隔开。2. with 结构作状语时 ,不定式、现在分词 、和过去分词的区别: 在 with 结构中,不定式、现在分词作宾补,表示