1、1Section Language Points （Introduction there is no money for luxuries.我靠我挣的工资简直难以生存，根本没钱享受。4It has not only given us important information about prehistoric Asian societies, but also has provided amazing evidence about the process of evolution.(P72)它不仅为我们提供了史前亚洲社会的重要信息，而且为我们提供了关于(人类)进化历程的惊人证据。句中 not
2、 only . but also .连接并列谓语 has given 和 has provided。Mary can not only sing but also dance.玛丽不仅会唱歌，而且会跳舞。(1)not only . but also .连接的并列成分应保持一致；(2)连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数应遵循就近原则；(3)连接两个句子且 not only 位于句首时，not only 引导的句子要采用部分倒装的形式；(4)not only . but also .中的 also 或者 but 有时可以省略，但不能同时把这两个词都省略。Not only my parents but
3、 also my brother is (be) coming to the party.不仅我的父母而且我弟弟也来参加这个晚会。Not only did_he_turn_up late, he also forgot his books.他不仅来得晚，而且还忘记带他的书了。65Pollution from nearby cement factories has also contributed to the problem.(P73)附近水泥厂产生的污染对此也难逃其咎。contribute v促成；捐献；投稿The writer personally contributed 4,000 to
4、 the earthquake area.作家个人为地震灾区捐助了 4 000 英镑。(1)contribute to 有助于；对作出贡献；促成contribute . to . 向捐献/投稿(2)contribution n. 贡献make a contribution/contributions to对作出贡献The student contributed a number of articles to the magazine.这名学生为这份杂志投了许多文章。Smoking contributed_to his lung cancer.吸烟致使他得了肺癌。Its our duty to
5、make_contributions_to our motherland.为祖国做贡献是我们的责任。语境串记 Many people contributed money to Project Hope, which contributed to many childrens returning to school. A teacher wrote an article about this and contributed it to a newspaper.许多人给希望工程捐钱，使许多孩子得以重返校园。一位老师据此写了一篇文章并向报社投了稿。联想发散 to 为介词的动词短语还有：object_
6、to 反对 lead_to 导致see_to 负责，照料 look_forward_to 期盼stick_to 坚持 refer_to 指的是；参考devote_to 致力于6They have recommended that the site be closed and repaired.(P73)该组织提议关闭这个遗址并进行维修。recommend v建议；推荐I recommend that he (should) see his parents once a week.我建议他一周探望一次他的父母。recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事recommend d
7、oing sth. 建议做某事7recommend sb. sth.recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物recommend that . (should) do . 建议It is recommended that . 有人建议Can you recommend me some new books on this subject? Can you recommend_some_new_books_to me on this subject? 你能给我推荐一些有关这个学科的新书吗？ If you go to Beijing, I recommend visiting (vi
8、sit) the Summer Palace first.如果你去北京，我建议首先参观颐和园。The doctor recommended me to_stay (stay) a few more days in hospital.The doctor recommended that I (should)_stay (stay) a few more days in hospital.医生建议我在医院再待几天。7A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund be established to raise money.(P73)中科院的
9、一位教授提议设立基金会来筹集资金。propose v提议，建议；打算；提名The government proposed changes to the voting system.政府建议修改选举制度。(1)propose (to sb.) that(should) do sth. 建议(某人)做某事propose doing/to do sth. 建议做某事propose sb. for/as sth. 推荐某人担任(2)proposal n. 建议We propose to_furnish/furnishing (furnish) our own house according to ou
10、r own taste.我们建议按自己的爱好布置房子。He proposed we (should)_hold (hold) a party to welcome the new year and his proposal (propose) went through.他提议我们举行一个新年晚会，他的提议通过了。8a request for help from ordinary people (P74)来自老百姓求助的请求request n& vt.(正式或礼貌的)要求，请求By popular request, the chairman was reelected.8依大众要求，主席获重选连
11、任。(1)at ones request/at the request of sb. 应某人之请求/要求make a request/requests for sth. 请求/要求by request (of sb.) 按(某人的)要求on request 一经要求，应要求(2)request sth. of/from sb. 向某人请求某物request sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事request that sb. (should) do sth. 请求某人做某事Its requested that sb. (should) do sth. 据要求The singer san
12、g one more song at_the_request_of enthusiastic fans.应热情歌迷的要求，这位歌手又唱了一首歌。You are requested to_make (make) a speech at next meeting.请您在下次会议上作个发言。They request that all the cleaning work (should)_be_finished (finish) this morning.他们要求所有的清洁工作要在今天上午完成。9Apart from providing warmth, what was fire used for?
13、(P74)除了提供热量之外，火还有什么用处？apart from 除之外(还)；此外Apart from his nose hes quite goodlooking.他除了鼻子以外，哪儿都很好看。Apart from supplying news from all over the world, newspapers give us a lot of useful information.报纸除了给人们提供世界各地的新闻外，还可以提供很多有用的信息。(1)except/except for 除之外(表示不包括在内)besides/in addition to 除之外，还(表示包括在内)(2)
14、take sth. apart 拆开某物tell sb./sth. apart 区分开I can answer all the questions except_for the last.所有的题我都会回答，只是最后一题不会。In_addition_to/Besides an album, I gave him a pen and a pencil.除了一本照相簿外，我还给了他一支钢笔和一支铅笔。I feel it hard to tell_apart the twins.我觉得很难区分这对双胞胎。9.单句语法填空1The teacher told the news to her studen
15、ts to increase their safety awareness (aware)2His new contribution (contribute) to the advancement of physiology was well appreciated.3He sharpened (sharp) his knife in order that he cut meat easily.4After only a short exposure (expose) to sunlight his face began to turn red.5One of her fellow passe
16、ngers came to her assistance (assist) when she was in trouble.6They have many theories about how the universe first came into existence (exist)7At minus 130， a living cell can be_preserved (preserve) for a thousand years.8He recommended reading (read) the novel before going to see the movie adapted
17、from it.9The workers requested that their working conditions should_be_improved (improve)10If the three parties cant reach an agreement (agree), there will be a civil war.11Ive decided to keep all these stamps as they might be of great value some day.12There was anger at the proposal (propose) that
18、a UN peacekeeping force should be sent to the area.13With this cushion, the chair will be more comfortable to_sit (sit) on.14The panda is one of the endangered (endanger) animals.15It is_estimated (estimate) that the vase is 2,000 years old.10.完成句子1听了这首歌，不仅杰克而且他的同学们都很感动。After listening to the song,
19、not_only_Jack_but_also_his_classmates_were moved.2为了保护濒危物种不灭绝而建立了这个组织。The organization was set up to_preserve_endangered_species_from extinction.3手术是否成功，还有待观察。It_remains_to_be_seen whether the operation was successful or not.4会上提出的那些问题极其重要。The questions put forward at the meeting are_of_vital_import
20、ance.5医生说适当饮食、锻炼及呼吸新鲜的空气，所有这些都有助于身体健康和长寿。The doctors say that good diet, exercise and fresh air, all of which contribute_to the health and long life.一句多译1他建议我明天早上交上作业。He recommended_me_to_hand_in my homework tomorrow morning.He recommended_that_I_should_hand_in my homework tomorrow morning.2除了伦敦的公寓外
21、，他在苏格兰还有一个城堡。Besides his flat in London, he has a castle in Scotland.In_addition_to his flat in London, he has a castle in Scotland.Apart_from his flat in London, he has a castle in Scotland.课文缩写语法填空Zhoukoudian is a small village about 50 kilometres southwest of Beijing. Prehistoric human bones 1.we
22、re_found (find) there which changed Chinas knowledge of 2.its history. Zhoukoudian was listed 3.as a world heritage site in December 1987. It has provided 4.amazing (amaze) evidence about the process of evolution. Today, however, Zhoukoudian is 5.in serious danger. Parts of the cave have been 6.badl
23、y (bad) affected by rain and 7.exposure (expose) to the air. Some areas are almost completely covered in weeds, 8.causing (cause) serious damage. Pollution from nearby cement factories has also contributed to the problem. UNESCO has recommended that the site be closed and repaired. If nothing is don
24、e 9.to_repair (repair) it, it could be removed from the list. So, not only the government but also the ordinary people should try 10.their best to raise money to save it.11对应学生课下能力提升(二十二).根据提示写出单词的正确形式1We stayed at the Park Hotel last weekend, which a friend of ours recommended (推荐) to us.2Social ac
25、tivities usually preserve (保护) the aged from the loneliness of old age.3Having bought a precious (宝贵的) diamond necklace for his wife, Martin could hardly afford a tie for himself.4He showed good judgement in deciding not to invest (投资) in the project.5Were we to do nothing until the knife was sharpe
26、ned (使变锋利)?6Exposure (expose) of the body to strong sunlight can be harmful.7There is a general awareness (aware) that smoking is harmful.8The invention of paper was a great contribution (contribute) to human civilization.9In the course of evolution (evolve), some birds have lost the power of flight
27、.10Without the assistance (assist) of my friends, my company couldnt have lived through the hard times.选词填空of vital importance， remove . from， even so， apart from， in existence， in danger， agree on， contribute to1Tom is the only boy student in this major apart_from David.2We both agreed_on leaving t
28、hat terrible place just the next day we got there.3Agriculture is of_vital_importance to the nations economy and the peoples livelihood.4If you fail the exam, I will remove your name from the list.5The operations do not directly contribute_to the results.6The theatre company that they started is sti
29、ll in_existence today.7The new method is not perfect, even_so,_its much better than the old one.128Childrens lives are in_danger every time they cross this road.完成句子1我可能明天去看你，如果不是明天，那就在周六。I might see you tomorrow. If_not,_then itll be Saturday.2他不仅为我找地方住，还给我提供了一份工作。He not_only found a place for me t
30、o live in, but_he_also offered me a job.3这份报告是根据经理的要求写的。The report had been written at_the_request_of the manager.4我们都支持你推迟讨论的建议。We are all for your_proposal_that_the_discussion_(should)_be_put_off.5他起床晚了，匆忙去了办公室，留下早餐没有动。He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving_the_breakfast_untouched.阅读理解A
31、Have you ever seen a Kunqu Opera, or heard the beautiful sound of a Guqin? These two traditional Chinese art forms are both included in UNESCOs list of “oral and intangible heritage of humanity”. This year, China has selected another art form to compete to join this special group. Muqam (木卡姆), the t
32、raditional folk music of Xinjiangs Uygur people will be considered alongside other countries entries. “The intangible cultural heritage of different countries and different people should be treasured by the world， ” said Wang Wenzhang, president of the Chinese Academy of Arts.Known as “the mother of
33、 Uygur music”， Muqam has a long history. Some scholars believe that its origins can be traced back to the “Great Western Region Melody” (西域大曲). This developed during the Han (202 BC220 AD) and Tang (618907 AD) dynasties and enjoyed great popularity in central China. In the mid16th century, the Silk
34、Road connected China and Europe. Xinjiang was at the center of the cultural exchange between east and west. Muqam music was spread across Uygurpopulated areas during that time. The queen of Yarkant Kingdom (叶尔羌王国), whose name was Amannisahan, was a poet and musician. She 13devoted all her efforts to
35、 collecting and sorting Muqam music. With the help of other experts, she finally worked out 12 pieces of music, which became the famous Twelve Muqam. When Amannisahan was doing her work, she didnt seek materials from the fully developed Arabian and Persian music. Instead, she exploited the rich reso
36、urces of Uygur folk music that spread across the north and the south of the Tianshan Mountains. As a result, the Twelve Muqam has a strong Uygur flavor.The Twelve Muqam includes more than 340 classical songs, folk songs, love songs and pieces of dance music and instrumental music. The whole set take
37、s 24 hours to play. Ever since it spread among the Uygurs, the Twelve Muqam has played an important part in their lives. They sing songs and dance to the music. Kurban Mamut, editorinchief of a Uygur language magazine, says that he often listened to the Twelve Muqam when he was a child. “The Twelve
38、Muqam helps bring moral ideas to the Uygur children, and gives them a noble and strong personality， ” he said.After New China was founded, the local government of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region made every effort to preserve the Twelve Muqam. In 1960, two volumes of the Twelve Muqam were publis
39、hed. This finally protected this oral cultural heritage. Over the past two decades, local Xinjiang cultural institutions have supported research projects. A number of books about the Twelve Muqam have been published. CDs, VCDs and DVDs of the Twelve Muqam have also been made.语 篇 解 读 ： 本 文 主 要 介 绍 了
40、新 疆 的 一 种 艺 术 形 式 ： 木 卡 姆 。1According to the article, Muqam has connection with _.AGreat Western Region MelodyBArabian and Persian musicCthe Twelve MuqamDKunqu Opera解析：选 A 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Some scholars believe that its origins can be traced back to the Great Western Region Melody”可知。2_ made the greates
41、t contribution to the spread of Muqam.AThe king of Yarkant KingdomBThe emperors of Tang dynastyCKurban Mamut14DAmannisahan解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，是 Amannisahan, the queen of Yarkant Kingdom 对 Muqam 的传播做出了巨大贡献。3What does the underlined word “This” in the last paragraph refer to?AThe Twelve Muqam.BTwo
42、 Volumes of the Twelve Muqam.CA Uygur magazine.DThe publishing of the Twelve Muqam.解析：选 D 代词指代题。此处 this 应该指上一句中的 the Twelve Muqam 的出版。故选 D。4What is the best title for this article?AMuqam, an art form of XinjiangBPlease listen to MuqamCThe Twelve MuqamDAn introduction of Uygur folk music解析：选 A 标题归纳题。
43、本文主要介绍了新疆的一种艺术形式：木卡姆。BThe ancient Mayan civilization collapsed due to a centurylong drought, a new research suggests.Minerals taken from Belizes famous underwater cave, known as the Blue Hole, as well as lagoons (环礁湖 ) nearby, show that an extreme drought occurred between AD. 800 and AD. 1000, right
44、 when the Mayan civilization ended.After the rains returned, the Mayans moved north but they disappeared again a few centuries later, and that disappearance occurred at the same time as another dry period, the sediments (沉积物) reveal.Although the findings arent the first to tie a drought to the end o
45、f the Mayan culture, the new results strengthen the case that dry periods were indeed the cause.Thats because the data came from several spots in a region central to the Mayan heartland, said study coauthor Andre Droxler, an Earth scientist at Rice University.From AD. 300 to AD. 700, the Mayan civil
46、ization flourished in the Yucatan Peninsula.These ancient Mesoamericans built great pyramids, mastered astronomy, and developed both a writing system and a calendar system, which is famous for predicting that the world would end in 2012.15But in the centuries after AD. 700, the civilizations buildin
47、g activities slowed and the culture fell into war and unrest.The evidence for a drought has been growing in recent years.A 2012 study in the journal Science analyzed a 2,000yearold stalagmite (石笋) from a cave in southern Belize and found that sharp decreases in rainfall coincided with periods of dec
48、line in the culture.But the data came from just one cave, which meant it was difficult to make predictions for the area as a whole, Droxler said.To look for signs of a drought, the team drilled the sediments in the Blue Hole of Lighthouse Lagoon.The lagoons are surrounded on all sides by thick walls
49、 of coral reefs.During storms or wetter periods, excess water runs off from rivers and streams, overtops the retaining walls, and is deposited in a thin layer at the top of the lagoon.From there, all the sediments from these streams settle to the bottom of the lagoon, piling on top of each other and leaving a record of the historical climate.The team found
