1、1Section Language Points （Cultural Corner however, Chinese is mostly spoken today. The Bai have an agricultural economy, their main crops being rice, wheat, beans and cotton. Their staple foods are pork, rice and wheat. The Bai have a tradition of building houses as a community, usually beginning on
2、 a festival day. The houses are in the style of traditional Chinese architecture. They also build halls known as Yunhe halls, which can hold about 200 people and are used as community centres. The Bai prefer the colour white, and Bai women wear white and red costumes, while the men wear white shirts
3、 and long wide trousers. Known as good singers and dancers, the Bai have an opera, which combines both music and dance. Another tradition is the Bai tea ceremony, in which tea is served three times. The most wellknown Bai festival is the Torch Festival. During this festival, a tree, known as the tor
4、ch tree, is burnt. Young mothers and their children walk round the tree three times for good luck, while others wish for a happy life for the village. Children then light torches and run through the fields.4白族白族拥有大约二百万人口，其中 90%住在云南。他们的土生地区是云南的洱海，它的主要城市是大理。白族有着他们自己的方言，与汉语相像，而今天，大多数的人讲汉语。白族人以农业经济为主，主要
5、作物有水稻、小麦、豆类和棉花。他们的主食是猪肉、米饭和小麦。白族传统上经常在某个节日开始时将房屋建成社区。房屋的样式都是中式传统建筑，他们也建造被称为“云河大厅”的建筑，大厅可容纳 200人，并且被用作社区中心。白族人喜欢白色，妇女穿红白相间的服装，而男人穿白衬衫和宽松的长裤。白族人因能歌善舞出名，他们也有结合了音乐和舞蹈的歌剧。另一个传统是白族茶道，这里茶要上三次。最为出名的白族节日是火把节。节日时，人们烧一种被称为火把树的树。年轻的母亲和她们的孩子绕着树走三圈，祈求好运，而其他人祈求全村人的生活幸福。然后孩子们点燃火把，跑过田野。Reading PracticeNo Problem“Ouc
6、h！” I howled in pain as I dropped the hammer onto my foot. I felt foolish.It was pouring with rain, and, lame for a moment, I hopped around to the drivers side.“No luck？” said George. We had a flat tyre and I was trying to change the wheel. But it was stuck firm.We had driven ten hours along the roa
7、d through the jungle without seeing another soul. In the distance was an ox working in a field.“So what do we do now？” asked George, as I got back into the car.About fifteen minutes later, the rain stopped. Out of the jungle came an old woman. She walked towards us carrying something long and thin.“
8、Uh oh, here comes danger！” said George, “Shes got a spear.”She was wearing traditional garments, with short sleeves, a colourful necklace and other jewellery. As she got closer, we saw the spear was just a wooden pole. I got out.“Hello！” I said, in English. “Can you help us？” I pointed to the wheel.
9、She stared at it, and then made a gesture to follow her back to the jungle. George and I looked at each other, then set off after her.5Soon we came to a tent under an arch of trees. It had a rigid framework of wooden poles, like the one the woman was carrying, covered with heavy cloth, and fastened
10、with rope made with some kind of loose plant fibre. All around were corn plants. It was harvest time for the grain, and a spade, a fork and other tools were lying on the ground. Nearby were some chicks and a rooster, and a pig tied to a post.The woman folded back a cloth and invited us in. My eyes h
11、ad to adjust to the darkness inside. The tent was furnished with a few mats on the floor, and a low table with a teapot. She picked up a photo and showed it to us. Was it her husband? The man in the photo was bare to the waist. He looked much too young. She was probably a widow. Maybe her son or her
12、 nephew?Our hostess poured some tea, and watched as we drank. “Say something， ” ordered George.“Cheers！” I said and raised my cup. “Can we contact a garage？”Suddenly, there was a tap at the door. It was the man in the photo. The old woman said something, and he looked at us. I felt awkward, so I smi
13、led at him.“No problem， ” he said, in English. He pulled out a mobile phone and made a call.“Twenty minutes. No problem. Lets wait by the car， ” he said.As we walked back to the car, the sun pierced the clouds. Over the hills beyond was the most beautiful rainbow.没问题“噢！”当我不小心将锤子砸到脚上时，我痛得大叫。我觉得自己挺傻的。
14、天下着倾盆大雨，我的腿瘸了一会儿，然后我单腿跳着绕到了驾驶室的一旁。“倒霉了？”乔治说道。我们的车胎爆了，我设法换个新胎，可车胎纹丝不动。我们已沿着公路行驶了十小时穿过丛林，途中一个人影也没见到。在远处，有头牛在田地里干活。当我返回车里时，乔治问：“现在该怎么办？”大约十五分钟后，雨停了。从丛林中出来了一个老妇人，她向我们走来，手里拿着又长又瘦的什么东西。“噢，危险来了！”乔治说， “她拿着根长矛。 ”老妇人穿着民族服装，短袖，戴着彩色的项链以及其他的饰品。她越走越近，我们看到所谓的“长矛”不过是根木杆，我下了车。“你好！”我用英语说道。 “能帮帮忙吗？”我指着车胎。6她盯着车胎看了会儿，然后
15、做了个手势让我们跟着她进入丛林，乔治和我对视一眼，然后跟着她出发了。没过多久，我们来到了一个坐落于树荫浓郁的树下的小屋，小屋的框架是由扎实的木杆建成的，木杆就和老妇人手里拿的一样。小屋外面盖着厚实的布匹，用由某种松散的植物纤维而制成的绳子固定着四周。房子周围都种着谷物，这时是作物丰收的时节，地上零散放着锹、耙及其他农具。附近有些小鸡和一只公鸡，木桩上拴着一头猪。老妇人掀起布帘，请我们进去。屋里一片黑暗，我只好努力让眼睛适应。在小屋里，地上铺着几块地毯，一张矮桌上放着一个茶壶。老妇人拿起一张相片给我们看。是她丈夫吗？相片里的男人赤裸上身，他看上去相当年轻。也许她是个寡妇，这男人也许是她的儿子或侄
16、子？女主人给我们倒茶，看着我们喝。“说点什么， ”乔治命令我。“干杯！”我边说边举杯， “我们能联系上一家汽车维修站吗？”突然，门口传来了敲门声。正是相片中的男子。老妇人对他说了些什么，然后他看着我们。我觉得有些不自在，就对他笑笑。“没问题。 ”他用英语说。他掏出手机打了个电话。“二十分钟就到，没问题，我们在车旁等。 ”他说。当我们走向汽车时，太阳穿透云层。在远处的山上，挂着一道最漂亮的彩虹。Cultural CornerNative Americans and Australian AboriginesAmong the most wellknown ethnic minorities of
17、 the Englishspeaking world are the Native Americans of North America, and the Australian Aborigines.It is generally agreed that Native Americans came across from Asia, somewhere between 12,000 and 25,000 years ago. Until the arrival of the Europeans in the 15th century, it is thought that there were
18、 between 1.8 million and 10 million Native Americans in North America. The people had thick straight black hair, dark eyes and brown skin. They were a hunting, fishing culture, but as they moved round, many kinds of society developed, speaking many languages. For example, in the west people lived in
19、 villages and developed an agricultural economy, whereas in the east, where it was colder, people remained a hunting culture. With the arrival of the Europeans, there were many battles over land, and the Native American population became much smaller, 7partly because they died from European diseases
20、. Today, Native Americans live in only a few areas of North America. They were made citizens of the US in 1924.The native people of Australia, called Aborigines, probably came from somewhere in Asia more than 40,000 years ago. It is thought that at the time of the arrival of the Europeans in the lat
21、e 18th century, the population was about 350,000.Like the Native Americans, they were hunters and gatherers, living in small groups across the continent. These groups did not have leaders and the older men of the group made their decisions together. When important ceremonies took place, hundreds of
22、people from different groups travelled great distances to attend them. For Aborigines, the land is very important and no part of it can be owned by a particular person.After the arrival of the Europeans, Aboriginal numbers became smaller and smaller, as the Europeans took more and more land. However
23、, in the 1960s, the importance of Aboriginal culture began to be understood. Today, Aborigines make up just over 1.5% of Australias population.美洲土著居民和澳洲土著居民北美的美洲土著居民及澳洲土著居民是讲英语的国家中最为著名的少数民族。人们普遍认为美洲土著居民来自大约 12 000 到 25 000年以前亚洲的某个地区。在 15世纪欧洲人来到之前，人们认为北美洲有 180万到 1 000万的印第安人。他们有浓密的且又黑又直的头发、黑眼睛和棕色的皮肤。他
24、们是渔猎民族，但随着他们四处迁移，便演变出许多不同的社会群体，他们讲着不同的语言。比如，西部人驻村而居发展起了农业经济，而在更冷些的东部，人们依然处于狩猎文明阶段。随着欧洲人的到来，发生了很多争夺土地的斗争，印第安人的人口数目大为减少，部分原因是他们死于欧洲人带来的疾病。如今，美洲土著居民仅居住在北美的一小部分地区。他们在 1924年成为美国公民。被称为土著的澳洲本土居民很可能来自 40 000多年前亚洲的某个地区。人们认为在18世纪末欧洲人到来的时候，他们的人口大约是 350 000。像美洲土著居民一样，他们以狩猎和采集为生，以小群体的方式住在这个大陆上。这些群体里没有领袖，凡事均由年龄比较
25、大的人共同商议决定。举行重要仪式时，成百上千来自不同部落的人们赶很远的路来参加活动。对土著人来说，土地是非常重要的，任何一部分土地都不能被个人占有。欧洲人来了之后，随着他们占据的土地越来越多，土著居民的人口数量越来越少。然而，在 20世纪 60年代，土著文化开始被重视。今天土著居民仅占澳大利亚人口总数的1.5%多一点。81The Bai ethnic group has a population of around two million, 90% of whom live in Yunnan. (P65)白族的人口在 200万左右，90%居住在云南。have a population of
26、有人口The world has a population of more than 7 billion.世界上有 70多亿人口。(1)population 作主语时意为“人口数” ，谓语动词要用单数形式；“分数/百分数 of the population”作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。(2)对 population 进行提问时常用 what 或 how large，而不用 how much 或 how many。(3)表示人口“多”要用 large 或 great 修饰，表示人口“少”要用 small 修饰。What is (be) the population of Europe in
27、1900?欧洲在 1900年的人口是多少？Over 70% of the population are (be) peasants in China.在中国，70%以上的人是农民。2In the distance was an ox working in a field.(P67)远处，一头牛在耕地。in the distance 在远处The noise of the car died away in the distance.汽车的声音消失在远方。(1)at/from a distance 从远处；隔开一定距离keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持一定的距离at a di
28、stance of 在的距离(2)distant adj. 遥远的；远亲的The painting can be only admired at_a_distance.这幅画只能在远处欣赏。I often warn my daughter to keep those bad guys at_a_distance.我经常警告我的女儿要与那些坏孩子保持一定的距离。That lovely summer holiday in Beijing already felt like a distant (distance) memory.9在北京度过的那个美好的暑假感觉好像已是遥远的回忆了。3George
29、and I looked at each other, then set off after her. (P67)乔治和我对视了一眼，就起身跟着她。set off 出发，动身；引起，激起；引爆；使某人开始做写出下列句中 set off的含义I wanted to set off early in order to avoid the traffic jam. 出发，动身The incident set off a chain of events which resulted in the outbreak of World War. 引起Any movement could have set
30、off the bomb. 引爆Whatever you say will set her off crying now. 使某人开始做set about doing sth. 开始/着手做某事set out 出发，启程set out to do sth. 开始做某事set down 让下车；记下，写下set up 建立，创立；设置；产生I was setting down the name of the company that Tom had set up when the pen out of ink.我正在记下汤姆创建的公司的名称，这时钢笔没墨水了。He set out to_pain
31、t (paint) the whole house but finished only the front part.他开始着手粉刷整幢房子，可是只完成了前面的部分。4The woman folded back a cloth and invited us in.(P67)妇人掀起布帘邀请我们进去。fold v折叠；对折Score the paper to make it easy to fold.在纸上先划好印子，以便折叠。fold back 折叠起来fold ones arms 交叉手臂fold sb./sth. in ones arms 抱住某人/物fold up 折叠；失败，倒闭unf
32、old v. 打开；展开He folded_his_arms and lowered his head as usual before he was in deep thought.跟平常一样在他陷入沉思之前把双臂交叉起来，低下了头。10Please fold_up the chairs and put them away.请把椅子折叠起来收好。You should unfold (fold) your thought clearly and step by step.你应该一步一步地清楚地展示你的想法。5My eyes had to adjust to the darkness inside
33、. (P67)我的眼睛得适应一下屋里的黑暗。adjust v(使)适应；调整If the chair is too high you can adjust it to suit you.如果这把椅子太高，你可以调整它来适合你。(1)adjust sth.to sth. 调整以适应/适合adjust to (doing) sth. 适应/习惯(做)某事adjust oneself to sth. 使自己适应(2)adjustment n. 调整；适应make an adjustment to 对作出调整(3)adjustable adj. 可调整的；可调节的It took time to adj
34、ust_myself_to motherhood.我需要时间来使自己适应妈妈这个角色。Ive made_a_few_adjustments_to the design, which I think is better.我对这个设计做了一些调整，我认为它更好了。6The tent was furnished with a few mats on the floor, and a low table with a teapot. (P67)这帐篷里的摆设就是地板上的几块垫子与一张矮桌子，桌子上面有个茶壶。furnish v为(房屋或房间)配备家具，布置；供应，提供Having bought the
35、 house, they couldnt afford to furnish it.买了这所房子以后，他们买不起家具来布置它了。Will these findings furnish more information on prehistoric man?这些发现能否提供更多有关史前人类的资料呢？(1)furnish sth. with sth. 用布置furnish sb./sth. with sth. furnish sth. to sb./sth. 为某人/某物提供某物be furnished with 备有，安装有，陈设有(2)furnished adj. 配备家具的(3)furnit
36、ure nU 家具(总称)His office is_furnished_with only a desk and two chairs.11他的办公室里只陈设有一张桌子和两把椅子。She returned home and found all her furniture (furnish) has been ruined by the flood.她回到家发现所有的家具都被洪水毁掉了。7It is generally agreed that Native Americans came across from Asia, somewhere between 12,000 and 25,000
37、years ago. (P69) 人们普遍认为美洲土著居民来自大约 12 000到 25 000年以前的亚洲的某个地区。句中 It is generally agreed that . 相当于 People generally agree that .，意为“人们普遍认为/同意” 。其中 it为形式主语，that 从句为真正主语。Its generally agreed that this director has a good understanding of music.人们普遍认为这位导演能很好地理解音乐。(1)常用于该句型的过去分词还有：said, believed, thought,
38、 reported, known, supposed, considered, hoped等。(2)该句型可以转化为以下两种句型：People say/hope/think that .sb./sth. is said/hoped/thought to do/to have done/to be doing sth.It_is_reported_that there are some disagreements between the two countries. 据报道这两个国家之间有些分歧。It is believed that this picture was painted by Pi
39、casso.People_believe that this picture was painted by Picasso.This picture is_believed_to_have_been_painted by Picasso.人们认为这幅画是毕加索画的。 .单句语法填空1The style of the famous director was showed apparently (apparent) in his early movies.2He was then appointed by the boss as a gatherer (gather) of all the sta
40、ff information these days.123She dived into her bag and brought out a folded (fold) piece of paper.4You should loosen (loose) up your muscles before and after doing physical exercises.5The train was pulling out of the station just as we got there.6It was foolish (fool) of me to take the test without
41、 preparation.7Mr.Wangs success has made many people around him green with envy.8If we want to catch that train wed better set off for the station immediately.9Please keep your seat belts fastened (fasten) until the captain has turned off the seat belt sign.10Furnished (furnish) with some more chairs
42、, tables and so on, the room looked more beautiful and sweeter.11He falls for surfing the Internet and doesnt go home all day long.12He had no choice but to make up an excuse to explain his being late.13The American diplomat is said to_have_adopted (adopt) a Chinese girl, who is receiving American e
43、ducation now.14Theres no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery while another man, also intelligent, fails.15In the dark forests lies (lie) a lake, which is large enough to hold several English towns.完成句子1本来步行十分钟就能到那里的，你真傻还打的去。It_was_foolish_of_you_to_take a taxi when you could walk
44、 there in ten minutes.2站在路边，我们看着汽车渐渐地消失在远方。Standing by the road, we saw the car gradually disappear in_the_distance.3很显然，我们犯了个错误。It_is_apparent_that we have made a mistake.4房子里有几张旧桌子、一块黑板和一个旧炉子。The house was_furnished_with some old tables, a blackboard, and an old stove.5这个城市有 3万人口，其中 40%为工人。The cit
45、y has_a_population_of thirty thousand, 40% of whom are workers.一句多译131人们认为孩子们不应该长时间玩电脑游戏。It_is_thought_that children shouldnt play computer games after a long time.People_dont_think_that children should play computer games for a long time.Children are_thought_not_to_play computer games for a long ti
46、me.2你应该尽快使自己适应新环境。You should adjust_yourself_to the new environment as soon as possible.(adjust)You should adapt_yourself_to the new environment as soon as possible.(adapt)You should make_adjustments_of_yourself_to the new environment as soon as possible.(adjustment)对应学生课下能力提升(十九).根据提示写出单词的正确形式1The
47、soil was washed away by the flood, exposing bare (光秃的) rock.2I folded (对折) the handkerchief and put it in my pocket.3David had to pull out of the Championships when his horse went lame (瘸的)4At the formal party I felt very awkward (尴尬的) and out of date.5A rainbow (彩虹) is usually seen after a heavy ra
48、in.6The adjustable (adjust) seat can be raised.7Apparently (apparent), he is weak, but he has hidden strength.8He was angry with himself for having made such a foolish (fool) mistake.9My classmate told me to hold the rope firmly (firm)10You need to take some exercise to loosen (loose) up your muscle
49、s. .选词填空fold back， have a population of， in the distance， set off， make up， stare at， come across， pull out， pick up， green with envy1We need to fold_back all the towels in an hour because all our guests have already been on their way here.2When I come_across a new word in reading, I put it down in my notebook.143I could even hear the sound of my dog in_the_distance because I am so familiar with that.4Hunan Province has_a_population
