1、Ease of Doing Business inBrazilREGION Latin America can all types of debts and obligations be secured between parties; and can thecollateral agreement include a maximum amount for which the assets are encumbered?NoIs a collateral registry in operation for both incorporated and non-incorporatedentiti
2、es, that is unified geographically and by asset type, with an electronicdatabase indexed by debtors name?NoDoes a notice-based collateral registry exist in which all functional equivalents canbe registered? NoDoes a modern collateral registry exist in which registrations, amendments,cancellations an
3、d searches can be performed online by any interested third party? NoAre secured creditors paid first (i.e. before tax claims and employee claims) when adebtor defaults outside an insolvency procedure? NoAre secured creditors paid first (i.e. before tax claims and employee claims) when abusiness is l
4、iquidated? NoAre secured creditors subject to an automatic stay on enforcement when a debtor entersa court-supervised reorganization procedure? Does the law protect secured creditorsrights by providing clear grounds for relief from the stay and/or sets a time limitfor it?YesDoes the law allow partie
5、s to agree on out of court enforcement at the time a securityinterest is created? Does the law allow the secured creditor to sell the collateralthrough public auction and private tender, as well as, for the secured creditor tokeep the asset in satisfaction of the debt?YesScore (number of “yes“ respo
6、nses) 2.00Depth of credit information index (0-8) Creditbureau Creditregistry ScoreAre data on both firms and individuals distributed? Yes Yes 1Are both positive and negative credit data distributed? No Yes 1Are data from retailers or utility companies - in addition todata from banks and financial i
7、nstitutions - distributed? Yes No 1Are at least 2 years of historical data distributed? (Creditbureaus and registries that distribute more than 10 years ofnegative data or erase data on defaults as soon as they arerepaid obtain a score of 0 for this component.)No No 0Are data on loan amounts below 1
8、% of income per capitadistributed? Yes No 1By law, do borrowers have the right to access their data in thecredit bureau or credit registry? Yes Yes 1Can banks and financial institutions access borrowers creditinformation online (for example, through an online platform, asystem-to-system connection o
9、r both)?Yes Yes 1Are bureau or registry credit scores offered as a value-addedservice to help banks and financial institutions assess thecreditworthiness of borrowers?Yes No 1Score (“yes“ to either public bureau or privateregistry) 7.00Coverage Credit bureau Credit registryNumber of individuals 100,
10、767,834 72,234,944Number of firms 8,729,110 4,137,992Total 109,496,944 76,372,936Percentage of adult population 79.00 55.10DB 2016 DTF (%POINTS) 65.00 DB 2015 DTF (%POINTS) 65.00 CHANGE IN DTF (%POINTS) 0.00Protecting Minority InvestorsIndicator SoPaulo Latin America miscellaneous grains, seedsand f
11、ruit; industrial ormedicinal plants; straw andfodderHS 8708: Parts andaccessories of motor vehiclesTrade partner China ArgentinaBorder Santos port Santos portDistance (km) 84 84Domestic transport time(hours) 9 11Domestic transport cost (USD) 763 763Domestic transport speed(km/hour) 9.8 7.9Domestic t
12、ransport cost perdistance (USD/km) 9.1 9.1Time to export: Bordercompliance (hours)Cost to export: Bordercompliance (USD)Time to export: Documentarycompliance (hours)Cost to export: Documentarycompliance (USD)Time to import: Bordercompliance (hours)Cost to import: Bordercompliance (USD)Time to import
13、: Documentarycompliance (hours)Cost to import: Documentarycompliance (USD)Commercial invoiceCustoms Export DeclarationExport Invoice (Nota Fiscal)Health certificatePacking listBill of ladingCargo release orderCommercial invoiceCustoms import declarationImport Invoice (Nota fiscal)Packing listTechnic
14、al standard certificateDB 2016 DTF (%POINTS) 66.48 DB 2015 DTF (%POINTS) 66.48 CHANGE IN DTF (%POINTS) 0.00Enforcing ContractsIndicator SoPaulo Latin America &Caribbean OECD highincome731.0 736.9 538.320.7 30.8 21.112.5 8.4 11.0IndicatorTime (days) 731Filing and service 41.0Trial and judgment 480.0E
15、nforcement of judgment 210.0Cost (% of claim) 20.7Attorney fees 12.6Court fees 7.0Enforcement fees 1.1Quality of judicial processes index (0-18) 12.5Court structure and proceedings (0-5) 3.5Case management (0-6) 4.0Court automation (0-4) 3.0Alternative dispute resolution (0-3) 2.0Time (days)Cost (%
16、of claim)Quality of judicial processesindex (0-18)DB 2016 DTF (%POINTS) 52.68 DB 2015 DTF (%POINTS) 54.52 CHANGE IN DTF (%POINTS) -1.84Resolving InsolvencyIndicator SoPaulo Latin America &Caribbean OECD highincome22.4 31.2 72.34.0 2.9 1.712.0 16.6 9.01 0 113.0 7.2 12.12.5 2.3 2.85.5 3.1 5.32.0 0.5 1
17、.73.0 1.8 2.2Answer ScoreStrength of insolvency framework index (0-16) 13.0Commencement of proceedings index (0-3) 2.5What procedures are available to a DEBTOR whencommencing insolvency proceedings? (a) Debtor may file forboth liquidation andreorganization1.0Does the insolvency framework allow a CRE
18、DITOR tofile for insolvency of the debtor? (b) Yes, but a creditor mayfile for liquidation only 0.5What basis for commencement of the insolvencyproceedings is allowed under the insolvencyframework?(c) Both (a) and (b)options are available, butonly one of them needs tobe complied with1.0Management of
19、 debtors assets index (0-6) 5.5Does the insolvency framework allow the continuationof contracts supplying essential goods and servicesto the debtor?Yes 1.0Does the insolvency framework allow the rejection bythe debtor of overly burdensome contracts? Yes 1.0Does the insolvency framework allow avoidan
20、ce ofpreferential transactions? Yes 1.0Does the insolvency framework allow avoidance ofundervalued transactions? Yes 1.0Does the insolvency framework provide for the Yes 1.0Recovery rate (cents on the dollar)Time (years)Cost (% of estate)Outcome (0 as piecemeal sale and 1as going concern)Strength of
21、 insolvency frameworkindex (0-16)Commencement of proceedings index(0-3)Management of debtors assetsindex (0-6)Reorganization proceedings index(0-3)Creditor participation index (0-4)possibility of the debtor obtaining credit aftercommencement of insolvency proceedings?Does the insolvency framework as
22、sign priority topost-commencement credit? (a) Yes over all pre-commencement creditors,secured or unsecured0.5Reorganization proceedings index (0-3) 2.0Which creditors vote on the proposed reorganizationplan? (b) Only creditors whoserights are affected by theproposed plan1.0Does the insolvency framew
23、ork require thatdissenting creditors in reorganization receive atleast as much as what they would obtain in aliquidation?No 0.0Are the creditors divided into classes for thepurposes of voting on the reorganization plan, doeseach class vote separately and are creditors in thesame class treated equall
24、y?Yes 1.0Creditor participation index (0-4) 3.0Does the insolvency framework require approval bythe creditors for selection or appointment of theinsolvency representative?Yes 1.0Does the insolvency framework require approval bythe creditors for sale of substantial assets of thedebtor?No 0.0Does the insolvency framework provide that acreditor has the right to request information fromthe insolvency representative?Yes 1.0Does the insolvency framework provide that acreditor has the right to object to decisionsaccepting or rejecting creditors claims?Yes 1.0
