1、1Unit 4单元语法专练冠词 a/an/the冠词分为不定冠词 a/an 和定冠词 the。1.不定冠词的用法。不定冠词有 a 和 an。a 用于以辅音音素开头的单词前,an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前。用法 举例泛指人或事物的某一类别,以区别于其他种类。A plane is a machine that can fly.飞机是一种能飞的机器。首次提到某个单数可数名词。 Theres a bird in the tree.树上有一只鸟。表示数量,但数的概念没有 one强烈。 I have a sister.我有一个姐姐/妹妹。用于固定短语中。 a little 一点儿;wait a minu
2、te 等一会儿2.定冠词的用法。用法 举例特指某些人或物。 The children are coming.孩子们就要来了。用于上文提到过的事物或双方都知道的事物前。Mr Li works in a factory.The factory is far from his home.李先生在一家工厂上班,那家工厂离他家很远。用于世界上独一无二的事物前。 The Moon goes around the Earth.月亮绕着地球转。用于序数词或形容词最高级前。Who is the youngest girl in your class?谁是你们班年龄最小的女孩?用于姓氏复数名词前,表示一家人。Th
3、e Greens are going for a picnic next Sunday.格林一家打算下周日去野餐。用于乐器名称前或方位名词前。 play the guitar 弹吉他;the east 东方用于固定搭配中。 in the morning 在上午;at the end of 在的尽头方位介词方位介词用来表示地点、方位和位移。介词是一种虚词,不能单独使用,它必须与后面的名词或代词构成介词短语在句中充当句子成分。常用的方位介词可分为以下几组。1.at 与 in。at 后常接小地点,in 后常接大地点。例如:I often stay at home at the weekend.周末我
4、常待在家里。When will you arrive in Shanghai?你什么时候到达上海?2.between 与 among。between 一般指在两者之间,among 表示在三者或三者以上之间。例如:I sit between Daniel and Amy.我坐在丹尼尔和埃米中间。Look!Mr Li is standing among his students.看!李老师正站在他的学生们中间。3.beside,next to 与 near。2beside 意为“在旁边”,next to 意为“紧挨着,紧靠着”,near 意为“在附近”。例如:Come and sit beside
5、 me.过来坐在我的旁边。The pretty girl is standing next to the window.那个漂亮的女孩正站在窗户旁边。Do you live near here?你住在这附近吗?4.above,below,over,under 与 on。above“在上方”,反义词是 below“在下方”;over“在正上方(垂直)”;under“在正下方”;on“在(物体)的上面”,指物体之间相互接触。例如:Theres a bridge over the river.河上有一座桥。Shall I write my answer below or above the line
6、?我应该把答案写在线的下方还是上方?There are some apples on the table.桌上有些苹果。5.in front of 与 behind。in front of 意为“在前面”,表示在一定距离的前面,也可理解为在物体范围外的前面,其反义词是 behind。例如:Theres a park in front of the house.在那座房子的前面有一个公园。Who sits behind you?谁坐在你后面?.根据句意用 a,an 或 the 填空1.What do you want to be in the future,Nick?I want to be a
7、 pilot.It is an exciting job. 2.There is a big supermarket in the centre of our city. 3.Will you get there by bus?No,Ill ride a bike. 4.Theres an apple on the table. The apple is for my little brother. 5.His brother is an engineer.He works in a big company. .根据句意用适当的方位介词填空1.You must ride your bike a
8、long/on the right side of the road. 2.Mr Smith lives in that building.His house is on the fifth floor. 3.There is an exciting moment in our class when a large bird flies over our heads. 4.The girl is taller than her friend Henry,so she sits behind him in the classroom. 5.Beijing is in the north of China. 6.Before 2000,there was no airline between the two cities.
