1、常见的冲压外观质量缺陷The common stamping appearance quality defects1 开裂 Split开裂是一种开放性的金属裂口，主要是由于材料在拉伸过程中，应变超过其极限，而形成失稳。 开裂通常产生在深拉深的部位，也会不经常地出现在凹槽、翻边法兰面和急剧变化的轮廓面上。 A split is an open tear in the metal.Split are usually found in deep draw area and less frequently found in notches,flanged areas,and sharp contour
2、.2 暗裂 Thinning通常叫做减薄或者缩颈，是开裂的早期阶段。当材料厚度变薄的一定程度，如果继续施加应力，它就会完全的裂开。暗裂发生的区域和开裂的一样，但是更难以发现。暗裂有向开裂转化的特性，加热、应力和和振动因素大多会使减薄发展成为开裂。Thinning or necking as it is ofen called,is splitting in its earliest stage.The metal gauge has been reduced to a level that if it were stretched any further,it would split comp
3、letely.Thinning will occur in the same areas as a split but is more difficult to detect.Thinning should be in dispositioned as if were a split due to the fact that heat,stress and vibration,in most cases will develop into a split.3 起皱 Wrinkles起皱是一种严重的波浪，通常出现在深拉深的地方。起皱与普通波浪相比，其波浪起伏更急、更密。 Wrinkles are
4、 sharp waves that are usually found in deep draw areas.Wrinkle are sharper and occur in a much tighter pattern than ordinary waves.4 叠料 Folded metal叠料是材料叠在一起的严重的起皱，它可能会伴随着开裂的出现。A metal fold over is a wrinkle that is severely over lapped.This condition should be handled the same as if were a split.5
5、沙粒（麻点）Dirt在冲压或者焊接过程中，由于外界的小颗粒状杂质被压进工件表面而产生的小凸点。Foreign material compressed into the surface of a stamping or assembly causing a small raised spot.6 表面凸凹不平 Buckle单一拱起的波浪或低洼的区域。A single up wave or hollow depression. 7 凸点 /凹点 High/Low spot 轻微凸/凹点，在同一部位重复出现直至其产生原因被消除。 A light outward peak or inward depr
6、ession that tends to repeat in the location until fixed. 8 拉伤 Scoring拉伤是零件表面被粗糙的模具表面滑过而产生的刮痕，拉伤一般会发生在深拉深的区域。Scoring is the scratching of a part as it slides over a rough die surface.scoring will usually occur in deep draw areas.9 变形（碰伤造成）Damaged在生产、搬运过程中受到外力或尖锐物碰伤而产生的质量缺陷。A scratched or deformed par
7、t originating from the process or carrying.10 毛刺 Burr毛刺是零件剪边线边缘或者周边翻起的锯齿状毛边，是由于刀块磨损、不当的凸凹模间隙或者剪边过程中材料出现了偏移造成的。在板料冲裁中，毛刺不可避免，但是改变冲压条件能减小毛刺。轻微的毛刺经常是允许的，车身上可以触摸得到的毛刺是不允许的。A burr is rough jagged edge on or around a trim edge of a part.Burrs can occur on operations such as trimming,punching or lancing.Mi
8、nor burrs are often acceptable.Burrs may not be acceptable due to handling.11 少孔 Missing Holes 由于漏工序或冲头断裂造成的。Failed punch or piercing operation.12 孔位不对 Hole Out of Location孔的位置不符合其位置尺寸要求。A hole that fails dimensional requirements for feature location.13 孔径不对 Wrong Size Hole孔的大小尺寸不符合要求。 A hole that f
9、ails dimensional requirements for feature size.14 飞边 Pull Back在一个冲压周期里，在下死点后，凸模在回程的过程中拖拽料边缘的材料带起，于是在料边缘便呈翘起的形态。Pull back is distortion to the trim line of a punched area usually caused when a punch retracts to its original starting position creating turnup shaped.15 废料压痕 Slug mark它是在冲孔工序中，小块废料片或者圆形废
10、料没有落入废料槽，而是掉入或弹到工件表面而造成的。The result of offal or slugs in a piercing operation not exiting the tool via the scrap chutes, but falling/bouncing onto working surfaces. 16 回弹 Spring back 反弹是在零件下部弯曲圆角附近出现的一种离开正常状态的金属面弹开。Spring back is a kickback of metal from the normal surface which appears as a low area near a bend radius.17 锈蚀 Rust表面被腐蚀或产生氧化铁的氧化层。The corrosion/oxidation of ferrous metal.
