1、全新版大学英语综合教程(第二版)4第四册(Unit 1-6)课后练习答案 Unit 1 Text AKey to ExercisesP14I.1. 1. alliance 2. at the cost of 3. stroke 4. limp 5. minus 6. regions 7. declarations8. siege 9. raw 10. bide his time 11. have taken their toll 12. in the case ofP152.1. is faced with 2. get bogged down 3. is pressing on/presse
2、d on 4. drag on5. get by 6. dine out 7. have cut back 8. get through3.1). lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future.2). has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workersstrike.3). will/should never get in the way of her career.4). caught the foreign m
3、inister off guard.5). of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date/obsolete.4.1) Being faced with, the occupation, regions2).crucial to, efficient, to reckon with, weaken, be brought to a halt3).a heroic, the decisive, turned the tide, siege, by launchingII.1) During the Firs
4、t world war, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy tranches of France and Belgium .2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts/homework paid off.3) I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the
5、settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words.4) Pnuemonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.III. Usage1) fall ill2) lay dead at home for 2 weeks3) dropped dead from a heart attack4) fell asleep5) marrying young6) to sit stil
6、l for longer than a few minutesComprehensive Exercises1 text-related1 invasion 2. stand in the way 3. Conquest 4. catching off his guard5. launching 6. declaration 7. campaign 8. drag on9. reckon with 10. bringing to a halt2 Theme-related1. allow 2. reckoned 3. highly 4. forecasts 5.rapidly6. instan
7、t 7. delivery 8. advantage 9. observing 10. powerfulTranslation1.1) Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.2) We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.3) Having been out of a job/Not having a job
8、 for 3 months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate.4) Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgement.5) Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of population, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.2. T
9、he offensive had really lasted 3 days, but we had not gained much ground. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack To do so, however, we had to cross a marshand and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud.
10、Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. Lucky enough, thanks to the severely cold weather which made the marshland freeze over, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surre
11、nderedUnit 2 Text AKey to ExercisesP41I.1. 1. expansion 2. automated 3. Vapor 4. take control of 5. hazards 6. satellite 7. vibrated 8. magnetic 9. bunched 10. in the air 11. Got/was stuck in 12. approximatelyP422.1. send out 2. stand up for 3. pass for 4. were closing in on5. starting up 6. went th
12、rough 7. fill out 8. fall into3.1). incorporate all the latest safety features.2). two trees ten feet apart.3). awarding lucrative contracts to his construction firm.4). the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make the cars.5). are correlated in all racial groups.4.1) the applic
13、ation, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to2).that vibrate, can detect, frequency3).lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazardII.kilogram medical carememorandum electronic mailgymnasium communications satelliteliberation news broadcastdoctor sky hijackveterinarian European dollarpreparatory
14、breakfast and lunchautomobile television broadcastinfluenza Oxford and CambridgeIII. Usage1) swimming pool2) drawing board3) enriched Middle Engish4) disturbing change5) fully developed prototype6) Canned foods7) working population8) puzzling differencesComprehensive ExercisesA1 computerized 2. star
15、t up 3. be poised to 4. alert 5. hazards 6. monotonous 7. take control of 8. steer 9. lane 10. decrease 11. calculate 12. eliminate 13. getting stuck in14. mounted 15.detect 16. vaporB1. generates 2. related 3. revolutionized 4.enabled 5.opportunities6. overall 7. manufacturing 8. dependent 9. inter
16、act 10. fatalitiesTranslation1. There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance.2. The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problems.3. The research shows that
17、 atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperatures.4. The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minutes recently.5. The diver stood on the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach.Automobiles have, sine their invention, revoluti
18、onized transportation, changing forever theway people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of the computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to
19、eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of gettin
20、g stuck in traffic jams.Unit 3Text AText Organization 1.Parts Paragraphs Main IdeasPart One Paras 1-6 An ill-prepared college graduate failed his interviewPart Two Paras 7-27 Four pieces of advice on being a successful intervieweePart ThreeParas 28-31Make your own tracks in whatever you do.2.Suggest
21、ions Examples1) Prepare to win. 1) Michael Jordan2) Never stop learning. 2) a 90-year-old tennis player3) Believe in yourself, even when no one else does.3) the four-minute mile, the New YorkMarathon and the Vietnam veteran4) Find a way to make a difference.4) New York cabdriversVocabularyI. 1. 1) r
22、ude 2) physically3) structure 4) made a difference5) blurted out 6) chuckling7) measurable 8) prospective9) preparations 10) sparkled11) took a crack at 12) partner2. 1) go after 2) look back on/at3) be put up 4) stood for5)build in 6) follow up7) be hooked up to 8) closed up3. 1) Marys parents gril
23、led her about where she had been all night.2) it was beyond Cinderellas wildest dreams that she could one day in the kings palace.3) The translation of the popular novel has just finished and a Chinese version will be in readers hands soon.4) As with anything else, it is important to do your homewor
24、k before going on an interview.5) Jims car broke down last week and the repair cost was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars.4. 1) The director of the Urban Development Office will interview the two local applicants, aswell as the two veteran landscapers recommended by the staff committee this afterno
25、on, to pick out the prospective designer for the construction of the city square.2) From his standpoint, the project manager has made every endeavor to go after the best engineer for the work of cleaning up the river before the deadline set by the mayor.3) Life is short, as the saying goes. People i
26、n my age bracket often want to have a crack at everything they think is interesting, but the problem is they barely have the time or energy for such endeavor.II. Words with Multiple Meanings1. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. (behave)2. Richard suggested I keep all my friends addresses on my compu
27、ter, as he does his. (keep: used to avoid repetition)3. Elizabeth told her daughter that if she did the bathroom, the kitchen and the living room, shewould get $10.00 every week, (clean)4. Since the Smiths business is doing well, they are thinking of starting a similar type of business in Canada, (g
28、et along)5. If you are prepared, you can certainly do the job. (perform or complete )6. Knowing what you cannot do is more important than knowing what you can. (perform or complete )7. When I asked John why he does philosophy, he said that he does it simply because he finds it interesting, (study)8.
29、 A small piece of cake will do for me, thanks, (be enough)9. Leisure is a beautiful garment, but it will not do for constant wear, (be acceptable)III. Usage1. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where to begin. OK, Ill talk about myself first.2. Thank you very much, John, for your beautif
30、ul Christmas card. By the way. I have something here for you.3. The new computer language can be quite easily understood by anyone who can read the daily newspaper. Now, why is this an advantage?4. Im going to work out the outline and will let you know how it goes. By the way. I will see you in Febr
31、uary, as I plan to attend your seminar in Shanghai.5. OK, you got the job. Now, how to maximize your profits with as little effort as possible?6. Chris has been back from Australia. Incidentally, those pictures you sent me are wonderful.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze2. As I see it4. beforehand6. st
32、ructure8. Respond10. from the standpoint12. follow UP(A)1. prospective3. done your homework5. endeavor7. partners9. take a crack11. make a difference(B)1. encouraging2.inquiring3.relevant 4. samples5. references 6. advice7. preparing 8. seriously9.probably 10. exhibitII. Translation1.) Despite the i
33、nadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteran pilot manage to stop the plane after taxing for only a short while.2) Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted (out)That she had undergone two plastic surgeries.3) We have the technology and our partner has th
34、e capital. Working together, well have the future in our hands.4) I f I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made better preparations. You see, I have barely enough food and drinks.5) People gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with stronger str
35、uctures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area.2Well begin, half done, as the old saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment. From my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a difference in his chance of
36、 success.I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of 100,000 dollars a year in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn
37、 as much as about his prospective employers as possible dont have much of a chance of success.Part III Text BComprehension Check1. b 2. c3. a 4. a5. a 6. bTranslation1. 父母亲都觉得我不会被录用。“你要有后台才行。那可是一家美国机构，洛克菲勒基金会。你一定要有后台。”2. 当然， 不工作就没饭吃，除非嫁人，那叫做“终于有了归宿。”3. 她留着新式的发型，是我所喜欢的那种满头卷发竖立着的式样，穿着下摆印有花纹的裙子。由于她怀孕已快
38、足月，所以她向我走过来时似乎是她的肚子最先到达我的面前。4. 我跟哈内德先生说了，你刚才是因为害羞不安而没法做记录的。他挺不错的，只要慢慢习惯起来就性了。Language practice1.1) g 2) f3) a4) e5) h6) b7) c8) d2.1) intricate2) came at3) administration4) benign5) get in6) scaps7) brand8) carved9) coiled10) quivered11) take on12) put in a (good ) wordUnit 4Text AText rganization 1
39、.Parts Paragraphs Main IdeasPart One Paras 1-3 Introduction to Davos Man and the World Economic ForumPart Two Paras 4-5 Debate over the impact of globalization on current society and culturePart Three ppppPTThreeThreeParas 6-8 History of globalization and its recent trends and future prospectsPart F
40、our Paras. 9-11Globalization versus nationalism and the challenges it faces2.Main Events1. Davos man spends a lot of time in places other than his native country.2. Davos Man sees their identity as a mater of personal choice, not an accident of birth.3. Davos Man believes that globalization, the uni
41、mpeded flows of capital, labor and technology across national borders, is both welcome and unstoppable.4. Davos Man sees the world increasingly as one vast, interconnected market-place in which corporations search for the most advantageous locations to buy, produce and sell their goods and services.
42、VocabularyI. 1) advantageous 2) let alone3) witnessing/vanishing 4) landmark5) entitled 6) displace7) Establishment 8) patriotic/strengthen9) contradictions 10) aspires11) divorced 12) pendulums2. 1) come to 2) dozed off3) believed in 4) was set apart5) take in 6) sucks in7) clean up 8) turn away3.
43、1) For me, it makes no/little difference whether we go there by train or by bus.2) Toyata has overtaken General Motors as the worlds biggest car maker. 3) Shortly after their marriage, Mr. Chambers was at odds with his wife over money matters. 4) Henry has been at the forefront of nanotechnology res
44、earch. 5) She doesnt even know how to boil potatoes, let alone cook a meal. 5. a) is increasingly/to accelerate/their investmentb) economy/make an earnest/domestic/strike a balance betweenc) a handful of/be endorsed by/on a large scaleII. Word FormationWTO World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织GDP Gross do
45、mestic product 国内生产总值ATM Automated teller machine 自动出纳机VAT Value-added tax 增值税CAD Computer-aided design 计算机辅助设计IT Information technology 信息技术IDD International direct dialing 国际直拨电话MTV Music television 音乐电视Radar Radio detecting and ranging 雷达IOC International Olympic Committee国际奥委会VIP Very important
46、person 贵宾，大人物Laser Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation激光CPU Central processing unit 中央处理器III. Usage1. An unusual present, a book on ethics, was given to Henry for his birthday.2. The reason(he gave) that he didnt notice the car till too late was unsatisfactory.3. Football, his on
47、ly interest in life, has brought him many friends.4. Cloning had been raised as a possibility decades ago, then dismissed, something that serious scientists thought was simply not going to happen anytime soon.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze2. networking4. growth6. facilitate8. outlook10. patriotic12. strike a balance(A)1. academics 3.a variety of5. vanish7. endorsing9. sweeping aside11. er
