1、Grammar,Participles,现在分词：doing 过去分词：done,现在分词与过去分词的区别,时态上：现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成语态上：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动,二、分词的作用,1、作定语（1）前置定语Make less noise. Theres a sleeping child. 不要出太大声音，有个孩子在睡觉。 We only sell used books. 我们只卖用过的书。,（2）后置定语 The young man () is the editor of the campus newspaper. 坐在约翰和玛丽之间的那个年轻小伙子是校园报的编辑。 The
2、 bridge () last month needs repairing. 上个月建造的那座桥需要修理。,（3）分词短语作定语必须置于被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。如： Those () should sign here. 想加入本俱乐部的人在这里签名。,1. Anyone _ bags, boxes, or whatever, was stopped by the police.A. seen carry B. seen carryingC. saw to carry D. saw carrying2. The plane crashed, _ all 200 people aboar
3、d. A. killed B. having killedC. killing D. had killed3. We solved the problem by reducing our costs and _ more money. A. borrowed B. borrowingC. would borrow D. had borrowed,I asked the boss for a months holiday and, _ it or not, he agreed. A. believe B. to believeC. believing D. believedBefore you
4、decide to leave your job, _ the effect it will have on your family. A. consider B. consideringC. to consider D. consideredHe arrived at the office early, _ a good example to the others.A. set B. to setC. to be set D. having set,He pushed his way through the crowd, _ “Excuse me.” A. to say B. saidC.
5、saying D. having sayingThe film star walked to his car, _ a crowd of journalists. A. followed by B. following byC. to follow D. to be followed by,According to Judging from Talking of Allowing for Frankly speaking Roughly speaking Honestly speaking Strictly speaking Theoretically speaking Leaving on
6、one side Generally speaking Taking everything into consideration,1.There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed2.The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B. C., didnt include women until 1912. A. first holding B. to be first held C. first he
7、ld D. to be holding3.Whats the language _ in Germany?A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak4.Most of the people _ to the party were famous scientists.A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting,5.The computer centre, _ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A.
8、 open B. opening C. having opened D. opened6.The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language, came out in the 16th century.A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written,1.This news sounds _. A. encouraging B. encouraged C. encourage D. to encourage2. -How did Bob do
9、 in the exams this time? -Well, his father seems _ with his results.A. pleasing B. please C. pleased D. to please3. -How did the audience receive the new play? -They got very _. A . excite B . excited C . excitedly D . exciting,1.The next morning she found the man _ in bed, dead. A. lying B. lie C.
10、lay D. laying2. -Good morning. Can I help you?-Id like to have the package _, madam.A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed3.If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air _ against your face.A. moved B. moving C. moves D. to move,作状语,（1）表示时间 Arriving in Paris, I los
11、t my way. 到了巴黎，我迷了路。 The hunter walked slowly in the forest, followed by his wolf-dog. 吃饭时不要说话。过马路时要小心。 Exercise: 从山上看这个公园非常漂亮. 在讨论了多次之后, 问题终于解决了。,（2）表示原因在伦敦住过多年，我几乎对每个地方都很熟悉。 由于缺钱，孩子们只好退学。 Exercise 由于在农村出生并长大, 他对生物很感兴趣。,3, 表示条件 联合起来我们就能站立，分裂我们必然倒下。 如果你更细心，你会犯更少的错误。 Exercise 一旦失去这次机会你就很难找回。 再给他一次机会，
12、他会做得更好。,作让步状语1. 尽管被许多人嘲笑, 他还是继续他的研究。2. 尽管已经累得筋疲力尽，那位老人决定爬到山顶。 3. 尽管放弃了这次机会，他一点不后悔。4. 尽管只懂一点点英语，他仍然可以跟老外交流。,现在分词的被动式和完成式,被动式： being done 表示一个现在进行的完成动作。 1.The building being repaired is our library. 2.The question being discussed is very important. 3. As we approached the village, we saw new houses be
13、ing put up. 正在被问话的那个小男孩是我的邻居。 那个正在被讨论的问题是非常重要的。,完成式：having done 所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。 在做完作业之后，他出去散步了。,Having finished his homework, he went out for a walk.因为我看过这部电影，所以我能告诉你这个故事。 Having seen the film before, I can tell you the story.,1. Having been to the Great Wall many times, he didnt go there las
14、t week. 2. Having turned off the radio, he began to go over his lessons. 3. Not having received his fathers letter, he decided to make a call to him.,3._ since the night before, I felt very hungry. A. Having not eaten anything B. Not eating anything C. I hadnt eaten anything D. Not having eaten anyt
15、hing4. _hard before, Tom is afraid of failing in the exam. Having been worked B. Not to have worked C. Having never worked D. Never have worked 5. _ many times, but he still couldnt understand it . A. Having being told B. Though had been told C. He was told D. Having told6. The accident _ yesterday
16、was caused by carelessness Ahappened Bhaving happened C which happened D happening 7.They found a _ old woman _ on the ground when the door was broken down. dying, lying B. dead, lied C. death, laying D. died, lain,浇完菜之后，农民们才休息了一会。这部电影已经看了两次了，他不想再看了。没有完成的很好，我决定再做一次。,用所给动词的v-ed或v-ing形式填空： 1)The journ
17、ey was quite_(tire) 2)The story is very_We are_ in it(interest) 3、The result of the exam made me _ (disappoint) 4)This was really an _moment(excite) 5)The _boy couldnt believe his ears(astonish) 6)It was a _ storyWe didnt want to listen again(bore) 7)He seemed quite _at the idea(delight) 8)The problem was quite_(press) 9)The present situation is _(encourage) 10)I was _at what she said(puzzle),
