1、Section Grammar & Writing,过去分词作宾语补足语英语中，过去分词可以用作宾语补足语。能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或完成意义，有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。主要有下面几种情况：,1在表示感官动词或心理状态的动词，如see，hear，feel，watch，notice，think，find等后可用过去分词作宾语补足语。 When we got to school，we saw the door locked. 当我们到学校时，我们看见门锁着。 We can hear the win
2、dows beaten by the rain drops. 我们可以听到雨点敲打窗户的声音。,2使役动词，如have，make，keep，get，leave等后可用过去分词作宾语补足语。 They kept the door locked for a long time. 他们把门锁了好长一段时间。 Dont leave the windows broken like this all the time. 不要让窗户一直像这样破着。 What made him so frightened？什么让他如此害怕？,提醒 “have宾语过去分词”可以表示三种含义： (1)表示“让某人做某事” I h
3、ave had my bike repaired. 我让人修了我的自行车。 (2)表示“遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击” My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month. 上个月，我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。 (3)做完某事(主语可能参与其中) The villagers had many trees planted just then. 就在那时，村民们种了许多树。,3表示“愿望”“希望”“命令”等意义的动词，如want，wish，like，expect，order等后可用过去分词作宾语补足语。 The teacher wou
4、ldnt like the problem discussed at the moment.老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。 I want the suit made to his own measure. 我想要这套衣服照他自己的尺寸做。,4在“with复合结构”中可用过去分词作宾语补足语。 The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back. 小偷被带进来了，双手被反绑在后面。 With many brightlycolored flowers planted around the building，his house loo
5、ks like a beautiful garden. 周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，他的房子看上去就像一座漂亮的花园。,提醒 现在分词，过去分词和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别： (1)宾语与宾语补足语之间的关系若是主动或进行时则使用现在分词。 I heard them singing in the room when I passed.,(2)宾语与宾语补足语之间的关系若是被动或完成时则使用过去分词。 The teacher explained the problem several times but still couldnt make himself understood.老师几次解释这个
6、问题，就是不能让他们明白自己表达的意思。 (3)不定式作宾语补足语则侧重将来的动作或强调动作的全过程。 With much work to do，he had to get up early. 由于有很多工作要做，他不得不早起。,(2011浙江卷) Even the best writers sometimes find themselves_for words. Alose Blost Cto lose Dhaving lost 解析： 句意为：甚至连最好的作家有时也发现自己词穷(找不到好词)。本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。(be)lost for words表示“难以用言语表达、无以应对”。
7、答案： B,(2011重庆卷) Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself_of his own dreams. Areminding Bto remind Creminded Dremind 解析： 句意为：迈克尔把姚明的画像挂在床边，目的是提醒自己记住自己的梦想。本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。宾语himself与remind为逻辑上的被动关系，故答案为C项。 答案： C,(2011陕西卷) Claire had her luggage_an hour before her plane left. Ach
8、eck Bchecking Cto check Dchecked 解析： 句意为：Claire在飞机起飞一小时前对行李进行了安检。本题考查非谓语动词。本句中luggage与check为被动关系，所以用过去分词，构成have sth.done结构。 答案： D,.单项填空 1To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English_as much as we can. Aspeak Bspeaking Cspoken Dto speak 解析： 句意为：为了把英语学好，我们应当尽可能抓住一切机会去听别人讲英语。本题关键要
9、意识到English和speak之间是被动关系。 答案： C,2Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English_in a short period. Aimproved Bimproving Cto improve Dimprove 解析： 考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句中written English与improve之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作宾补。 答案： A,3John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work_，he
10、gladly accepted it. Afinished Bfinishing Chaving finished Dwas finished 解析： 本题考查的是with的复合结构，由于work和finish之间是被动关系，所以选择finished。 答案： A,4(上海高考)She wants her paintings_in the gallery，but we dont think they would be popular. Adisplay Bto display Cdisplaying Ddisplayed 解析： 此处考查want宾语宾语补足语，根据题意宾语her painti
11、ngs与宾补display之间是动宾关系，所以选择displayed。 答案： D,5He looked around and caught a man_his hand into the pocket of a passenger. Aput Bto be putting Cto put Dputting 解析： 句意为：他环顾四周，发现一个男子正把手伸进一个乘客的口袋。因此应填putting作宾语补足语。 答案： D,6In the recent coal mine accident，only 24 miners were rescued and 29 were left_undergro
12、und. Ato be trapped Bbeing trapped Ctrapped Dtrapping 解析： 考查过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。leave.done使处于某种状态。 答案： C,7I would like it_by credit card，may I? Sure. Ato pay Bpay Cpaid Dbeing paid 解析： 分析句子结构可知，此处缺少宾补，而pay与it之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补。 答案： C,8(2011湖州高二检测)I can make you_what I say，but you cant make yourself_in
13、 English. Aunderstand；understand Bunderstand；understood Cto understand；understand Dunderstand；to be understood,解析： 考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。make sb.do sth.使某人干某事；make sb.done使某人被。I can make you understand what I say中，understand和you之间构成主动关系。在第二个分句中understand和yourself之间构成被动关系，故用过去分词。 答案： B,9With a lot of difficu
14、lties_，they went to the seashore and had a good rest. Asettled Bsettling Cto settle Dbeing settled 解析： 考查with复合结构中复合宾语的形式。宾补settled和宾语difficulties构成被动关系，故选A项。 答案： A,10You should understand the traffic rule by now.Youve had it_often enough. Aexplaining Bto explain Cexplain Dexplained 解析： 本题考查过去分词作宾补。
15、句意为：你现在应该理解交通规则了。因为已经给你解释得够多了。it与explain之间是被动关系。故选过去分词explained。 答案： D,11Now when people refer to England you find Wales_as well. Awas included Bhaving been included Cbeing including Dincluded 解析： 考查“find宾语宾语补足语”结构。Wales与include之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。 答案： D,12We are pleased to see the problem _so qu
16、ickly. Asettled Bhaving been settled Cbe settled Dsettling 解析： 本题考查过去分词作宾补。句意为：我们很高兴看到这个问题这么快就被解决了。由于the problem与settle之间是被动关系，排除D。B项一般用作状语，表示被动和完成。而C项是谓语动词的被动形式。 答案： A,13I have had my bike_，and Im going to have somebody_my radio tomorrow. Arepair；to repair Brepairing；to be repaired Crepaired；repair
17、 Dto repair；repairing,解析： 本题考查过去分词作宾补。在第一空中，my bike与repair之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。在第二空中，somebody与repair之间是主动关系，又因为在have宾语宾补结构中如果是不定式作宾补则不能带to。 答案： C,14(2012福州高二检测)In the reading room，we found her_at the desk，with her attention_on a book. Asitting；fixing Bto sit；fixed Cseated；fixed Dseating；fixing 解析： 考查过去分词作
18、宾语补足语。seat使就座，与her之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语；fix ones attention on注意力集中在，attention与fix之间为被动关系，故也用过去分词作宾语补足语。 答案： C,15The woman kept her eyes_on her baby for quite some time. Ato fix Bfixed Cfixing Dbeing fixed 解析： 本题考查过去分词作宾补。题干中缺少eyes的宾补。her eyes与fix之间是被动关系，排除A项和C项。D项表示进行，这显然与for quite some time不符。 答案： B
19、,.用动词的适当形式填空 1When I opened the door，I found the ground_ (cover) by fallen leaves. 答案： covered 2When you come back again，you will see your hometown completely_(change) 答案： changed 3Dont leave the water_(run) while you brush your teeth. 答案： running,4With a lot of things_(do)，I cant attend the party t
20、onight. 答案： to do 5Look at your dirty clothes，youd better get them_(wash) 答案： washed 6The customer with his cellphone _(steal) wanted to see the manager. 答案： stolen,7With a lot of difficult problems_(settle)，the newlyelected president is having a hard time. 答案： to settle 8Why did you go back to the
21、shop? I left my friend_(wait) there. 答案： waiting,9Having passed all the tests，she felt a great weight_(take) off her mind. 答案： taken 10Before he came to London，he had never heard a single English word_(speak) 答案： spoken,如何写导游词导游词是导游人员引导游客观光游览时的讲解词，是导游员同游客交流思想，向游客传播文化知识的工具，也是应用写作研究的文体之一。,一、导游词的结构 一篇完
22、整的导游词，一般包括下面三个部分。 1见面时的问候语 主要是表达对游客的问候、欢迎、游览注意事项和对游客的希望等方面，放在导游词的最前面。常见的表达方式有： Hello，my dear visitors.Welcome to. Its so nice to meet you here! First of all，please allow me to introduce myself. I feel it a great honour to be your tour guide today.,2景点介绍 景点介绍包括旅游景点的位置、范围、地位、意义、历史、现状和发展前景等，目的是帮助旅游者对景点
23、有个总体了解，引起游览兴趣。常见的表达方式有： At first Ill have a brief introduction of. Id like to take this opportunity to give you a brief introduction about. It was built in.so it had a very long history. Everyone knows that.are changing since.,3结束语 结束语包括感谢语、惜别语、征求意见语、致歉语和祝愿语等方面，放在导游词的最后面。常见句式有： Please allow me，then，
24、take this opportunity to thank you for your cooperation and understanding. Wish you have a good time and enjoy yourself. Thanks again for listening.Have a good time!,常用句型 It is convenient for you to.做很方便。 It is wellknown for/as.它以著名。 It plays an important part in.它在起重要作用。 Besides，.而且 Im sure.我确定 We
25、can benefit from.我们能从中获益。,It is harmful to.它对有害。 I hope you will have a good time. 我希望你们过得愉快。 During the tour，I hope we can care for each other and pay attention to safety. 在旅游的过程中希望大家能相互照顾并注意安全。,二、写作模板 Ladies and gentlemen， Good_(问候语)I feel it a great honour to be your guide here.First of all，on be
26、half of my company，I warmly welcome you to_. Located in_，the_is now the symbol of the city.Built in_and opened to the public in_，the_is now the highest building in_and the third highest in Asia.The_has a quite unique structure and it consists of_.Inside the building，you can have a birds eye view of
27、the_.,Finally please do remember to_to enjoy your lunch.Thanks for_._(祝愿语),假设你的居住地是远近闻名的生态旅游村。8月1日一批美国客人要对你村进行参观游览，请根据下表提供的信息写一篇英语导游词。,注意： 1.词数：120左右； 2参考词汇：采摘园orchard；水上乐园Boating Paradise；垂钓园Fishing Garden；小吃snack。 参考范文 Ladies and gentlemen， Welcome to our village and Im more than glad to be your g
28、uide.Our village is very beautiful where the climate is very pleasant.Besides，being rich in tourist resources，it attracts hundreds of thousands of tourists from home and abroad every year.Now Id like to tell you something about our tour.,At 7 oclock on the morning of August 1，well meet at the hotel
29、gate and then walk to an orchard where you can pick some fresh fruits and taste them yourselves.Then，at 9 oclock well walk to the Boating Paradise in which you can sail on the water and taste all kinds of local snacks.Next，at 11 oclock well go to the Fishing Garden where you can get lots of fun out
30、of fishing.At 12 oclock，well return to the hotel and have lunch together. Finally，I hope sincerely every one of you will enjoy yourself here.,.审题谋篇 1在进行写作时大家要注意导游词的四个要素要齐全，而且在解说的过程中要努力做到条理清晰、表意清楚。 2介绍景点时多用一般现在时，向游客介绍活动安排时多用将来时。,.写作要点 1欢迎来我村参观。我非常荣幸做大家的导游。 Welcome to our village and I feel_to be your
31、 guide. Welcome to our village and Im_to be your guide. Welcome to our village and its_to be your guide. 答案： greatly honored more than happy my pleasure,2因为旅游资源丰富，每年它吸引了数十万国内外的游客。 _tourist resources，it attracts hundreds of thousands of tourists_every year. _rich in tourist resources，_it attracts hun
32、dreds of thousands of tourists from home and abroad every year. Hundreds of thousands of tourists_by the tourist resources every year. 答案： As it is rich in；from home and abroad It is；so are attracted,3我衷心祝愿大家在这里度过一段快乐的时光。 I sincerely_all of you_a good time here. I hope sincerely that_of you will_ here. I_hope all of you will enjoy_here. 答案： hope；will spend every one；have a good time do；yourselves,
