1、- 1 -2012 考研英语（一）真题参考答案 Section Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or Don ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 points)The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices became an important issue recently. The court cannot_ its legitima
2、cy as guardian of the rule of law_ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that_ the courts reputation for being independent and impartial。Justices Antonin Scalia and Samuel Alito Jr., for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes
3、it less likely that the courts decisions will be_ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not _ by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself_ to the code of conduct that _to the rest of the federal judiciary。This and other cases _the question of whe
4、ther there is still a _ between the court and politics。The framers of the Constitution envisioned law_ having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions _ they would be free to _those in power and have no need to_ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law
5、 apart from politics precisely because they are so closely _。Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social _like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it _is inescapably political which is why decisions split a
6、long ideological lines are so easily _ as unjust。The justices must _doubts about the courts legitimacy by making themselves _to the code of conduct. That would make their rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, _, convincing as law。1 A emphasizeB maintainC modifyD recognize 2 A
7、 whenB bestC beforeD unles 3 A renderedB weakenedC establishedD eliminated4 A challengedB compromisedC suspectedD accepted 5. A advancedB caught C boundD founded 6. A resistantB subjectC immuneD prone 7. A resortsB sticksC leadsD applies 8. A evadeB raiseC denyD settle 9. A lineB barrier C similarit
8、y D conflict 10. A byB asC throughD towards 11. A soB sinceC providedD though 12. A serveB satisfyC upsetD replace 13. A confirm B express C cultivate D offer 14 A guardedB followedC studiedD tied15. A concepts B theories C divisions D convenience16. A excludes B questions C shapes D controls17. A d
9、ismissed B released C ranked D distorted18. A suppress B exploitC addressD ignore 19. A accessibleB. amiableC agreeable D accountable20. A by all meansB at all costsC in a wordD as a resultSection Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each t
10、ext by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (40 points)Text 2 Pretty in pink: adult women do not remember being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls lives. It is not that pink intrinsically bad, but it is a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it
11、 may celebrate girlhood in one - 2 -way, it also repeatedly and firmly fused girls identity to appearance. Then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence. Looking around, despaired at the singular lack of imagination about
12、girls lives and interests。Girls attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, its not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era before domestic washing machines al
13、l babies wore white as a practical matter, since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them. Whats more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses. When nursery colours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel version
14、 of red, which was associated with strength. Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity. It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant childrens marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, wh
15、en it began to seem innately attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years。I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kids, including our core beliefs about their psychological development. Ta
16、ke the toddler. I assumed that phase was something experts developed after years of research into childrens behaviour: wrong. Turns out, according to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularised as a marketing gimmick by clothing manufacturers in the 1930s。Trade publications
17、 counselled department stores that, in order to increase sales, they should create a “third stepping stone“ between infant wear and older kids clothes. It was only after “toddler“ became common shoppers term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or adults, into
18、 ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one of the easiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differences or invent them where they did not previously exist。26 By saying “it is . The rainbow“(line 3, Para 1)， the author means pink _。A should not be the sol
19、e representation of girlhoodB should not be associated with girls innocenceC cannot explain girls lack of imaginationD cannot influence girls lives and interests27 According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours?A Colors are encoded in girls DNA B Blue used to be regarded as the
20、color for girlsC Pink used to be a neutral color in symbolizing gendersD White is preferred by babies28 The author suggests that our perception of childrens psychological devotement was much influenced by _。A the marketing of products for childrenB the observation of childrens natureC researches int
21、o childrens behaviorD studies of childhood consumption29. We may learn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advised _。A focuses on infant wear and older kids clothesB attach equal importance to different gendersC classify consumers into smaller groups D create some common shoppers terms- 3 -
22、30. it can be concluded that girls attraction to pink seems to be _。A clearly explained by their inborn tendency B fully understood by clothing manufacturersC mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmenD well interpreted by psychological expertsPart B Directions:For questions 41-45, choose the most
23、suitable paragraphs from the list A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraph E has been correctly placed. There is one paragraph which does not fit in with the text. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 points)Part C Directions:Read the following text carefully
24、 and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. ( 10 points)Section Writing Part A 51. Directions:You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice. Use “Postgraduates Associat
25、ion“ instead. ( 10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you shoulddescribe the picture briefly,explain its intended meaning, and give your comments。You should write neatly on answer sheet 2.2012年全国硕士 研究生入学考试英语试题 National Entrance
26、Test of English for MA/MSCandidates (NETEM) 跨考英语教研室 杨凤芝 Section Use of English Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blankand mark A, B, C or Don ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 points)The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices became an important issuerecently.
27、 The court cannot_ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule oflaw_ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances,justices acted in ways that_ the courts reputation for being independentand impartial。Justices Antonin Scalia and Samuel Alito Jr., for example, appeared atpolitical events. T
28、hat kind of activity makes it less likely that the courtsdecisions will be_ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is thatthe justices are not _ by an ethics code. At the very least, the courtshould make itself_ to the code of conduct that _to the rest of thefederal judiciary。This and other cas
29、es _the question of whether there is still a _between the court and politics。The framers of the Constitution envisioned law_ having authority apartfrom politics. They gave justices permanent positions _ they would be freeto _those in power and have no need to_ political support. Our legalsystem was
30、designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they areso closely _。- 4 -Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted infundamental social _like liberty and property. When the court deals withsocial policy decisions, the law it _is inescapably political whichis w
31、hy decisions split along ideological lines are so easily _ as unjust。The justices must _doubts about the courts legitimacy by makingthemselves _to the code of conduct. That would make their rulings morelikely to be seen as separate from politics and, _, convincing as law。1 A emphasize B maintain C m
32、odify D recognize 2 A when B best C before D unless3 A rendered B weakened C established D eliminated4 A challenged B compromised C suspected D accepted 5. A advanced B caught C bound D founded 6. A resistant B subject C immune D prone 7. A resorts B sticks C leads D applies 8. A evade B raise C den
33、y D settle 9. A line B barrier C similarity D conflict 10. A by B as C through D towards 11. A so B since C provided D though 12. A serve B satisfy C upset D replace 13. A confirm B express C cultivate D offer 14 A guarded B followed C studied D tied15. A concepts B theories C divisions D convenienc
34、e16. A excludes B questions C shapes D controls17. A dismissed B released C ranked D distorted18. A suppress B exploit C address D ignore 19. A accessible B. amiable C agreeable D accountable20. A by all means B at all costs C in a word D as a resultSection Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read
35、 the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text bychoosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (40 points)Text 2Pretty in pink: adult women do not remember being so obsessed with thecolour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls lives. It is not that pinkintrinsically b
36、ad, but it is a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it maycelebrate girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly and firmly fused girlsidentity to appearance. Then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds,between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence。Looking around, despa
37、ired at the singular lack of imagination about girlslives and interests。Girls attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA,but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies,its not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20thcentury: in
38、the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as apractical matter, since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boilthem. Whats more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses. When nursery colours were introduced, pink was actuallyconsidered the
39、 more masculine colour, a pastel version of red, which wasassociated with strength. Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary,constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity. It was not until themid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominantchildrens marketing strategy, t
40、hat pink fully came into its own, when itbegan to seem innately attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female,- 5 -at least for the first few critical years。I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perceptionof what is natural to kids, including our core beliefs abo
41、ut their psychologicaldevelopment. Take the toddler. I assumed that phase was something expertsdeveloped after years of research into childrens behaviour: wrong. Turns out,according to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it waspopularised as a marketing gimmick by clothing manufacture
42、rs in the 1930s。Trade publications counselled department stores that, in order to increasesales, they should create a “third stepping stone“ between infant wear andolder kids clothes. It was only after “toddler“ became common shoppersterm that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage.
43、Splittingkids, or adults, into ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way toboost profits. And one of the easiest ways to segment a market is tomagnify gender differences or invent them where they did not previously exist。26 By saying “it is . The rainbow“(line 3, Para 1)， the author means pi
44、nk _。A should not be the sole representation of girlhoodB should not be associated with girls innocenceC cannot explain girls lack of imaginationD cannot influence girls lives and interests27 According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours?A Colors are encoded in girls DNA B Blue
45、 used to be regarded as the color for girlsC Pink used to be a neutral color in symbolizing genders D White is preferred by babies28 The author suggests that our perception of childrens psychologicaldevotement was much influenced by _。A the marketing of products for children B the observation of chi
46、ldrens natureC researches into childrens behaviorD studies of childhood consumption29. We may learn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advised _。A focuses on infant wear and older kids clothes B attach equal importance to different gendersC classify consumers into smaller groupsD create so
47、me common shoppers terms30. it can be concluded that girls attraction to pink seems to be _。A clearly explained by their inborn tendencyB fully understood by clothing manufacturersC mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmenD well interpreted by psychological expertsPart BDirections:For questions 4
48、1-45, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the listA-G and fill them into thenumbered boxes to form a coherent text. ParagraphE has been correctly placed. There is one paragraph which does not fit in withthe text. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 points)Part CDirections:- 6 -Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segmentsinto Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.( 10 points)Section Writing Part A51. Directions:You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name a
