1、knowliemistakeriserideringseeshakeshowspeakswimswear,knewlay mistookroseroderangsawshookshowedspokeswamswore,knownlain mistakenrisenriddenrungseenshakenshownspoken swumsworn,现在完成时(The present Perfect Tense),1. 结构: have (has) +过去分词 2.用法: 1). 现在完成时表示过去某一时间开始，一直延 续到现在的动作或状态, 通常用于延续性动词. 常与表示延续性的时间状语连用,如
2、:so far, up to now, recently, in the past 6 years, since, for 等等,I have lived in Zhuhai for 3 years.,2).表示发生在过去的某一动作对现在造成的影响 或结果,常用的时间状语有: just ,already, yet, ever, never, once等等.We have finished our lunch already. Have you ever tried this method?,比较一般过去时与现在完成时,1). 一般过去时只表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态, 不涉及对现在的影响；
3、现在完成时表示发生在过去的动作或状态一直延续到现在,或强调过去的事情对现在的造成的影响。My family lived in Zhuhai ten years ago.（现在不在了)My family have lived in Zhuhai for 10 years.(目前还在珠海),2). 过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与不确定的或包括现在在内的时间状语连用，或无时间状语. I studied in Zhongshan university in 2000. (2000年表示具体的过去时间） I have studied in Zhongshan universi
4、ty since 2000. (since 2000表示从2000年至今,包括现在在内) I have just bought an apartment. (just表示不确定的时间状语）,比较since和for,since +时间点, 用来说明动作起始时间 for+ 时间段, 用来说明动作延续时间长度。 I have lived here for more than twenty years. I have lived here since I was born 特殊句型： It is the first （second/third）timethat从句 It/This/That is th
5、e first time that I have come to Zhejiang. （注:以上句型把is改为was,则从句时态相应改为过去完成时态）,现在完成进行时（have/has been v-ing） 表示现在以前一段时间里一直在进行的动作, 这一动作一直持续到现在,e.g.It has been raining since two days ago.,-Isnt it hard to drive downtown to work? -Yes, thats why I _ to work by train. have been going have gone was going to
6、will have gone,过去完成时 (The past perfect Tense),结构: had + 过去分词 概念：表示过去的过去 -|-|-|- 过去之前 过去 现在 将来,1.表示过去的过去，常用于宾语从句及状语从句中，e.g.I had hardly opened the door when he hit me. He said that he had been to Beijing. 用好过去完成时,关键在于理解它的时间是“过去的过去”。,2.一些特殊句型中的过去完成时: 1“It/This/That was the first （second/third）timethat
7、从句” It was the first time that he had eaten sea food. 2by（ the end of ) / by the time 过去时间, e.g.We had learnt 3,000 words by the end of last term.By the time he came back, we had repaired the machine. 3no sooner than ; hardly /scarcely whenNo sooner had he gone to the garden than his son went to pla
8、y with his classmates.Hardly had he heard the news when he cried.,练习1：句子填空 1、They _ (wait) for the famous film star for two hours and they would wait until he arrived. 2、Zhang Hong _(work) as a reporter since she came to Paris. 3、By the time he left university, he _ (gain) much working experience. 4
9、、When they reached the station, the train_ (leave) already. 5、This is the first time I (watch) such an exciting game. 6、It is ten years since I _ (move) to Guangzhou. 7、The boy, who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home, _ (reply) in a way that shocked his father. 练习1：1. had been waiting 2. has been working 3. had gained 4. had left 5. have watched 6. moved 7. replied,练习2：翻译 1、这是我第二次来中国访问.This is the second time that I have visited China. 2、从我来这所学校工作到现在已经有15年了。It is/has been fifteen years since I came to work in this school.,
