1、,上海交通大学出版社,Book 2,应用型大学英语系列教程,应用型大学英语综合教程,Application-oriented college English Course,上海交通大学出版社,Back,Next,Language Skills Development,Language in Use,Enhancement of Language Abilities,Unit 6,Unit Six,Table of Contents,上海交通大学出版社,Focus1 content,Back,Next,Part 1 Language Skills Development,Starter,Text
2、: The Debtor Generation,Working with words and phrases,Discussion,Practice: interpreting,Practice: translation,Practice: writing,Surfing the Internet,Highlights,Table of Contents,上海交通大学出版社,focus1highlights,Back,Next,Highlights S: Talking about cartoons: street beggars & bank card debtors L: Paying w
3、ith bank cards at City Supermarket R: The debtor generation W: How to write parallel constructions Internet work: Introducing a student credit card with favorable clauses,Part 1 Language Skills Development,A. Look at the two cartoons below and discuss the following questions.,上海交通大学出版社,1. Starter,Ba
4、ck,Next,上海交通大学出版社,focus1text,1. Is it better to be a beggar or a debtor? Why?,It depends. On the one hand, a debtor who tries to repay his debt as soon as he is able to is surely better than a beggar who begs simply because he is a shameless lazybones. On the other hand, a beggar who is too weak, to
5、o old or too disabled to avoid begging is undoubtedly more understandable than a debtor who owes a lot of money and cant repay it.,Back,Next,1. Starter,上海交通大学出版社,focus1text,2. What are the advantages of using credit cards?,There are several advantages of using credit cards. 1) It is safe alternative
6、 to carrying cash. 2) It allows the credit card account holder to build a solid credit history. 3) It can access funds in case of emergency. 4) It allows extra time to pay for goods and services purchased. 5) It is clean and environment-friendly.,Back,Next,1. Starter,上海交通大学出版社,focus1text,3. Do you a
7、gree that credit cards build up debts?,Yes. For one thing, it is so convenient to swipe the card for shopping that you may use it more often than you realize it. For another, the card may lead you to the misconception that you have more consumption power than you really do.,Back,Next,1. Starter,B. L
8、isten to a conversation at City Supermarket and answer the following questions.,上海交通大学出版社,1. Starter,Back,Next,上海交通大学出版社,1. Starter,Back,Next,1. Does City Supermarket accept bank cards?,Yes, it does.,2. Why does the cashier ask the customer to show a valid proof of identity?,Because the customers si
9、gnature on the receipt is not the same as that on the back of the card.,上海交通大学出版社,focus1starter,Signing the Receipt at City Supermarket,Tapescript,1. Starter,Back,Next,上海交通大学出版社,focus1starter,1. Starter,Back,Next,( ) 1. Generation Y ( ) 2. Generation X,上海交通大学出版社,Focus2 working with words,a. the debt
10、or generation or people growing up with a credit-fueled lifestyle and digital devices b. people born in 1978 or later c. people born between 1965 and 1977 d. people enrolled in high school or university on September 11, 2001,Back,Next,Text Lead-in,Warm up A. Match the generation terms (1-4) with the
11、ir definitions (a-d).,( ) 3. Generation 9.11 ( ) 4. Generation D,b,c,d,a,上海交通大学出版社,Back,Next,Text Lead-in,Warm up B. Look at the chart. Describe the trend it reveals.,Reference Answer,In 1998, about 68% of undergrads had credit cards. In 2000, approximately 79% of undergrads had credit cards. The ch
12、art reveals more and more undergrads are and will be using credit cards.,Text Lead-in,Text organization,上海交通大学出版社,Back,Next,1-2,Introduction to Generation D and the problems they may face.,3-14,Lifestyle of Generation D and their attitude towards debts caused by credit cards,3-6,Generation D is diff
13、erent from previous generations in many aspects.,7-10,Generation D has to face reality when it is contradictory to their dreams.,11-14,Generation D does not postpone lifes milestones by debts.,Back,Next,Translation,2 Text: The Debtor Generation,1 When they turn 18, they get calls from credit card co
14、mpanies. A few years later, theyve got a load of debts many of them with thousands of dollars in student loans and credit card bills. Then they buy cars, furniture and nice new clothesmostly on credit.,turn link v. to reach or pass (a certain age, time, amount etc.) 达到（某一年龄或时间） e.g. He has turned fo
15、rty. 他已年过四十。 It has just turned twelve. 刚过十二点钟。,a load of: British English informal a lot of 很多，大量 e.g. Youre talking a load of rubbish. debt: n. 1) C a sum of money that a person or organization owes 债务；欠款 e.g. If I pay all my debts Ill have no money left. 2) U the state of owing; the duty of repay
16、ing something 负债情况 e.g. We were poor, but we never got into debt. debtor: 借款方 creditor: 债权人,credit: n. U 赊购 e.g. No credit is given at this shop. on credit: 借贷，赊账 e.g. I bought a car on credit.,credit: n. U an arrangement with a shop, bank etc that allows you to buy something and pay for it later 赊购
17、 e.g. No credit is given at this shop. on credit: 借贷，赊账 e.g. I bought a car on credit.,负债的一代1 他们一满18岁，就会接到信用卡公司的电话。几年后，他们就会背负一大笔债务他们中很多人都会欠下几千美元的学生贷款和信用卡账单。接着，他们还会买汽车，买家具，买漂亮的新衣服，几乎全是刷卡消费。,Back,Next,Translation,2 Text: The Debtor Generation,2 他们不会一直那样天真。当负债的一代还没有得到收入丰厚的全职工作，就要为偿还信用卡公司的债务而付出代价的时候，很多人
18、就会醒悟过来。,2 They dont remain innocent for long. Many members of Generation D feel disillusioned when they make sacrifices to repay lenders who gave them credit before they had well-paying, full-time jobs.,innocent: a. 1) not having much experience of the bad things in the world, so that you are easily
19、 deceived = naive无知的，头脑简单的 e.g. Dont be so innocent as to believe everything the politicians tell you. 2) not guilty of a crime 清白的，无罪的 e.g. A man is accounted innocent until he is proven guilty. n. innocence,Generation D comes from the title The Debtor Generation and can be shortened as D Generatio
20、n or Generation D (负债的一代).,disillusioned: a. disappointed because you have lost your belief that someone is good, or that an idea is right 不再抱幻想的，大失所望的，幻想破灭的 e.g. Disillusioned voters want an alternative to the two main parties. Shes disillusioned with life in general. dis- 否定、相反或相对 e.g.dishonest (不
21、诚实的); disagreeable (令人不快的，讨厌的); disagreement (分歧，不一致，意见不合); disengage (放开；挣脱开，摆脱开),repay: vt. 1) to pay back money that you have borrowed 还（钱）；偿还 e.g. Ill repay you the money you lent me next week. 2) to do something for someone, or give them something, in return for helping you 报答，酬谢 repay someone
22、for something/with something/ by doing something e.g. Id like to buy them something to repay all their kindness. repayable: a. 可偿还的；应偿还的；应回报的 repayment: n. U归还借款，偿还债务,well-paying: a. (used of work etc) offering good payment. 高工资的，报酬优厚的,sacrifice: n. 1) C, U loss or giving up something of value, espe
23、cially for what is believed to be a good purpose. 牺牲，舍弃 e.g. Getting rich isnt worth the sacrifice of your principles. 2) C, U the act of offering something to a god, especially in the past, by killing an animal or person in a religious ceremony 祭献，祭祀 e.g. It was common to make sacrifices to the god
24、s to ensure a good harvest. v. sacrifice something for something sacrifice something to do something sacrifice yourself (for something),Back,Next,Translation,2 Text: The Debtor Generation,一场真正的变革 3 前几代刚成年的时候，往往生活窘迫客厅中摆放着牛奶箱，冰箱里放着老密尔沃基牌的啤酒。他们在为了舒适的物质生活而兢兢业业的奋斗中，学会了一个道理花钱与赚钱密切相关。,A Real Revolution3 Pr
25、evious generations tended to begin adulthood in reduced circumstances milk crates in the living room, Old Milwaukee in the fridge. They worked their way into material comfort while absorbing the lesson that buying is closely related to earning.,adulthood: n. U the time when you are an adult成年 -hood
26、状态；时期 e.g. parenthood (做父母的身份); manhood (成年，成年时期); childhood (童年); neighborhood (街区，域区),reduced circumstances:（委婉表达从富到穷）生活窘迫,work ones way into: 兢兢业业地达成e.g. He works his way into being a successful contractor.,Meaning: They obtained a comfortable material life by hard work. Meanwhile, they learned t
27、hat if they want to buy, they have to earn first.,absorb: vt. 1) to read or hear a large amount of new information and understand it理解；吸取 e.g. Clever children absorb knowledge easily. 2) to take in liquid, gas, or another substance from the surface or space around something吸收（水、光、蒸汽等） e.g. Plants ca
28、n absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.,work ones way into: to achieve something gradually by working 兢兢业业地达成e.g. He works his way into being a successful contractor.,reduced circumstances: old-fashioned to be poorer than you were before （委婉表达从富到穷）生活窘迫,Back,Next,Translation,2 Text: The Debtor Ge
29、neration,4 与此相反，负债的一代中很多人刚成年的时候往往享受着优越的物质生活客厅中摆着各种架子，冰箱里放着皮特牌淡啤酒。紧接着，如果他们稍不注意（开销），就不得不控制这种依赖信用卡消费的生活方式以便可以付清账单。而这一点，并不是所有的人都能做到，那么他们就会因此付出代价。,Question about Para. 4,4 In contrast, many in Generation D begin adulthood with material comfortshelves in the living room, Petes Wicked Ale in the refrigerat
30、or. A A little later, if theyre not careful, they have to throttle back on their credit-fueled lifestyle so they can pay the bills. Not all can, and they pay the consequences.,in contrast: in comparison 相比 e.g. In contrast with their system, ours seems very old-fashioned. His white hair was in sharp
31、 contrast to his dark skin.,Meaning: On the contrary, many people of Debtor Generation grow up in comfortable conditionall kinds of shelves in the living room, top-grade beer in the refrigerator.,throttle: vt. 1) 1) to reduce the amount of fuel flowing into an engine, in order to reduce its speed 调节
32、油门，减/加速 e.g. I throttled back as we approached the runway. High tariffs throttle trade between countries. 2) to kill or injure someone by holding their throat very tightly so that they cannot breathe = strangle 使窒息，掐死 e.g. He throttled the guard with his bare hands. throttle back: 控制，收敛 e.g. He hope
33、s to throttle back on his emotions.,throttle: vt. 1) to reduce the amount of fuel flowing into an engine, in order to reduce its speed 调节油门，减/加速 e.g. I throttled back as we approached the runway. High tariffs throttle trade between countries. 2) to kill or injure someone by holding their throat very
34、 tightly so that they cannot breathe = strangle使窒息，掐死 e.g. He throttled the guard with his bare hands. throttle back: 控制，收敛 e.g. He hopes to throttle back on his emotions.,Meaning: Later on, if theyre careless with their spending, they have to control their credit on which their life is dependent so
35、 that they will be able to repay their debts.,focus1text,The Generation D begins adulthood with material comfort and depends too much on credit while the previous generations began their adulthood in reduced circumstances, working their way into material comfort, thus knowing that buying is closely
36、related to earning.,上海交通大学出版社,2. Text: A Story of Steve Jobs,1. How is the lifestyle of the Generation D different from that of their previous generations?,Back,Next,2 Text: The Debtor Generation,Back,Next,Translation,2 Text: The Debtor Generation,Question about Para. 5,5 Experts agree that todays 1
37、8- to 30-year-olds have more debts than their forebears. Thats especially true of the majority of high school graduates who go on to college or trade school, where people commonly get student loans and credit cards, even if they dont have jobs.,be true of: based on facts and not imagined or invented
38、 合乎事实的；真的；真实的；确实的 e.g. Possibly the same is true of social work. The same is true of all political parties.,go on to sth.: next to do something after you have finished doing something else 接着开始另一个项目 e.g. Lets go on to the next item on the agenda.,5 专家们认为，现在18至30岁之间的人比他们上几代欠的债更多。尤其对大多数高中毕业就上大学或职业学校的学
39、生来说，情况更是如此。在大学或职业学校里，尽管学生没有工作，通常也可以申请学生贷款和信用卡。,上海交通大学出版社,focus1text,2. What do the experts have in common with regard to their opinions concerning the 18-to 30-year-olds debts?,Experts agree that todays 18- to 30-year-olds have more debts than their forebears.,Back,Next,2 Text: The Debtor Generation
40、,Back,Next,Translation,2 Text: The Debtor Generation,Question about Para. 6,6 People disagree about whether thats so bad. After all, young adults accept student loans and credit cards gladly and most repay dutifully. But critics worry that corrosive social effects result from the habit of taking on
41、debt before one has sufficient income to repay.,corrosive: a. written gradually making something weaker, and possibly destroying it = damaging 逐步起破坏作用的，损害性的 e.g. Fear of unemployment is having a corrosive effect on the countrys economy.,result from: if something results from something else, it is ca
42、used by it 由产生 e.g. Her injuries resulted from a fall. cf. result in: to make something happen = cause 造成，导致 e.g. The cyclone has resulted in many thousands of deaths.,take on: to agree to do some work or be responsible for something 承担 e.g. Dont take on too much work - the extra cash isnt worth it.
43、,6 人们对这种情况是否很糟糕意见不一。毕竟，年轻人很乐意接受学生贷款和信用卡， 而且大多数人能尽责地偿还。但是评论家们担心，这种个人还没有足够的收入来还款就背上债务的习惯会造成不良的社会影响。,上海交通大学出版社,focus1text,3. Do people agree on the issue of student debts? What are the two opposing views?,No, they dont. Some believe that young adults accept student loans and credit cards gladly and mos
44、t repay dutifully. But critics worry that corrosive social effects result from the habit of taking on debt before one has sufficient income to repay.,Back,Next,2 Text: The Debtor Generation,Back,Next,Translation,2 Text: The Debtor Generation,梦想与债务7 20世纪90年代，负债生活的诱惑日增。学杂费暴涨，联邦政府也提高了学生贷款上限，信用卡在校园市场的推销
45、如火如荼。2000年，78% 的大学本科生拥有信用卡。,Dreams and Debt7 The lure of living on debt increased in the 1990s. Tuition and fees skyrocketed, the federal government increased student loan limits, and credit cards were marketed vigorously on campus. In 2000, 78 percent of college undergraduates had credit cards.,tui
46、tion: n. 1) U the money you pay for being taught 学费 e.g. When I started college, tuition was $350 a quarter. 2) U teaching, especially in small groups 讲授，教诲 e.g. He received private tuition in English. tutor n. someone who gives private lessons to one student or a small group, and is paid directly b
47、y them,skyrocket: vi. if a price or an amount skyrockets, it greatly increases very quickly （指物价等）飞涨，猛涨 e.g. The trade deficit has skyrocketed.,vigorous a. using a lot of energy and strength 精力充沛的，元气旺盛的，有力的 e.g. Environmentalists have begun a vigorous campaign to oppose nuclear dumping in the area.
48、vigorously: ad. 有力地 e.g. They were arguing vigorously on the responsibility of the death of the four college students.,Back,Next,Translation,2 Text: The Debtor Generation,8 更微妙的变化到处可见。经济蓬勃发展，复活节假在异国旅游胜地拍摄的MTV充斥荧屏，老友记描述了一群年轻人在曼哈顿宽敞公寓里的舒适生活。二十几岁的年轻人梦想着大学或职业学校一毕业就过上富足的生活。,Question about Para. 7- 8,8 Su
49、btler changes abounded. The economy boomed, MTV broadcasted from exotic spring-break locales, Friends portrayed young adults living comfortably in roomy apartments in Manhattan. Twenty-somethings expected to live well right out of college or trade school.,Meaning: Delicate changes exist everywhere.,
50、abound: vi. to exist in very large numbers 大量存在，有许多 e.g. Grass abounds here all the year round.,boom: vi. usually in progressive if business, trade, or a particular area is booming, it is increasing and being very successful.迅速发展，繁荣 e.g. By the 1980s, the computer industry was booming. booming a. a booming economy baby boomer n. someone born during a period when a lot of babies were born, especially between 1946 and 1964,
