1、1北京市东城区 20182019 学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一） 英 语 2019.4本试卷共10页，共120分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ATons of waste is being left on Mount Qomolangma by a 1 (grow) number ofvisitors,
2、which bothers many people. A team will deal with the task 2 theclimbing season ends this May, by which time there will be fewer visitors. Garbage3 (collect) on Qomolangma requires two to three years of training, according toCering Dandar, a mountaineer and guide. BFood is one of the most basic and i
3、mportant daily needs. It gives us the strength andenergy we need 4 (work) and play. Food also plays a role in our socialinteractions. Whether we 5 (celebrate) important occasions or just relaxing withfriends, eating is an important social pastime. It is also an important part of our culture.6 a part
4、icular people like to eat can tell us a lot 7 a countrys geography,history and traditions. CGoing to museums has become a trendy thing to do during the holidays in China. Apopular choice this Spring Festival was the Palace Museum, 8 a special exhibitionwas staged to provide a virtual royal experienc
5、e for visitors. The entire museum9 (decorate) with newly-restored ancient royal lanterns and spring couplets,including a set of the Chinese character “Fu” 10 (write) by five Qing Dynastyemperors.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。During my second year in hi
6、gh school, I got sick and missed a few days. When I211 , I was greeted with two essays due, three days of math and history homework,plus several tests. 12 I went home from school that day exhausted, I had to stayup really late to finish them all.The next day at school, I got a rude awakening: Id tot
7、ally forgotten to prepare forthe 13 on Romeo and Juliet, which Id take 14 my lunch hour! Worse still, Ihad 15 the in-class discussion and all the notes. When lunch came, I went to theEnglish room to face my certain doom(厄运). All I could do was try to 16 on thequestions I didnt know.As it turned out,
8、 I didnt know the majority of the questions. I was just about to give17 when my pencil accidentally fell and broke. Standing by the blackboardsharpening my pencil, I 18 down and there in full view lay the answer sheet forthe test! What good fortune! I can kiss good-bye to all my 19 of failing the te
9、st!My heart started beating, and my brain 20 , Yes! Read over the answersquickly!This was quickly followed by another voice, No! Youll get caught! My mind turningback and forth, Yes! No! Yes! No! This went on for ten of the 21 seconds in myentire life.Finally, I decided to finish the test on my own,
10、 without 22 ! I was satisfiedwith my decision but pretty 23 I had failed the test.The next day when I walked into the English room, my great joy of having been an24 soul changed into a wave of doom as I saw my test paper lying face down onmy desk. I knew what awaited me. I stared at it a few seconds
11、 before I got up the 25to turn it over.You can only imagine my 26 when I learned that I had passed the test! I havenever in my whole life been so happy to see my 27 , a C-.My mom says the victories that 28 the most courage are won within. Now Iknow 29 what she means. Now not only can my conscience(良
12、心) rest easy, but Idont have to worry about getting caught and meeting a sad 30 like Romeo andJuliet.11.A. arrived B. returned C. appeared D. finished12.A. If B. Because C. Until D.Although13.A. lecture B. essay C. play D. test14.A. by B. upon C. over D. toward15.A. missed B. carried C. lost D. drop
13、ped16.A. depend B. agree C. guess D. improve17.A. in B. off C. out D. away18.A. wrote B. settled C. calmed D. looked19.A. boredom B. worries C. loneliness D. tiredness20.A. whispered B. warned C. persuaded D. chanted21.A. coldest B. saddest C. longest D. fastest322.A. suffering B. checking C. cheati
14、ng D. thinking23.A. certain B. regretful C. annoyed D. relieved24.A. open B. honest C. optimistic D. energetic25.A. wisdom B. encouragement C. intention D. nerve26.A. anxiety B. shock C. fear D. appreciation27.A. paper B. credit C. rate D. grade28.A. take B. put C. find D. gain29.A. gradually B. exa
15、ctly C. willingly D. seemingly30.A. film B. fact C. ending D. love第二部分：阅读理解（共两节， 40 分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe Perfect Sleep Chair is designed to be the mostcomfortable recliner chair. Whether you are sittingupright, relaxing in your favorite TV viewing
16、position,or lying completely flat for sleeping, its like being ona cloud. A cloud that has built-in heat and massagesettings to match your own personal comfort level. Iteven has a battery backup in case of a power cut.With Perfect Sleep Chair, theres a perfect position for everybody, even those that
17、prefer to lie flat but want the additional support that most mattresses(垫子) dontprovide. At the touch of a button, the Perfect Sleep Chair gently lifts you to an almoststanding position so you can get back on your feet with ease. Some owners use thisfeature daily, while others use it when recovering
18、 from an illness.Time and time again, our customers tell us they are tired of having to replace theirrecliners due to quality issues. We hear you! That is why the Perfect Sleep Chair ishandmade in the USA using quality hardwoods and only the highest qualityupholster(垫衬物). Each chair is carefully cra
19、fted by workers and not just a bunch ofrobots. Every chair structure is guaranteed for life and the electronic components aregenerously warranted for three years. Simply put, its the highest quality chair on themarketbut it doesnt end thereWhen you purchase the Perfect Sleep Chair, youll get your ch
20、oice of cloth andcolors! Youll also receive White Glove Delivery. Professionals will carry the chair tothe exact spot in your home where you want it, unpack it, inspect it, test it, position it,and even take the packaging away!4To ensure that your product and purchase process is of the highest quali
21、ty, ourcustomer service team is here to answer any question, five days a week, from 9 a.m. to 8p.m. Please call us at 800-958-8324.31. According to the advertisement, Perfect Sleep Chair .（事实信息）A. helps detect illnessesB. supports various body positionsC. comes with an additional mattressD. adjusts
22、its temperature accordingly32. What is the key feature of Perfect Sleep Chair introduced in Paragraph 3? (推理判断) A. It is safe. B. It is lasting.C. It is portable. D. It is comfortable.33. What service can customers receive?A. Home delivery. B. Free replacement.C. A 24-hour hotline. D. A money-back g
23、uarantee.BIn the short time Steve and Zach had been inside their tent packing their tools,wind-blown flame had skipped from the top of one tree to another. The long drysummer had turned the forest into a tinderbox.“Lets go! We can make it back to the river we crossed today!” Steve kept Brady onthe l
24、ead and their heads down against the fire-wind. But Brady barked a sharp warning.Ahead of them lay a thick curtain of smoke across the track. They would never make itthrough that. The dog was pulling at his lead trying to draw them away from the smoke,and yet Steve was uneasy. It seemed to him that
25、they were moving away from the river.Suddenly, Zach cried. “Zach!” Steve shouted. “Are you OK? Where are you?” ThenBrady pulled Steve down a sharp slope(坡).At its base, Zach was rubbing his ankle.As Steve helped his friend to his feet, Brady lifted his head and snuffed(嗅) thesmoke-laden wind. Next m
26、oment, the dog bounded away and disappeared. The boysshouted for him, but he didnt come back. Steve couldnt blame Brady for panicking. Hehimself wanted to run even though he didnt have a clue which way.Steve and Zach hadnt gone far when there was a familiar bark, and Brady camebounding, stopped dire
27、ctly in front of Steve and hit him with his head, pushing himback toward the slope theyd just climbed. But Steve didnt get it. Then Brady grabbedthe boys jeans and started pulling. The message was clear, but Steve hesitated. Ofcourse he remembered Brady saving his uncles life when the dog was much y
28、ounger.Was he still sharp enough to get them through this?Nearby, a pine went up in a whoosh of smoke. Brady pulled again, urgently. “OK,5big guy,” Steve gritted(咬紧牙关). Brady led them back down the slope and into thetrees. Not far from them fire was touching underbrush. Several times the big dogstop
29、ped. Often he changed directions. Steve was so tired that he just wanted to rest, butBrady wouldnt have it. The dog bullied both boys to go on. How long theyd walkedSteve had no idea. He was almost numb when he heard itthe wonderful sound ofrushing water!34. What happened to Steve and Zach at first?
30、A. They got injured. B. They lost their dog.C. They were trapped. D. They became separated.35. Brady ran away to _.A. seek help B. find a way outC. rescue Zach D. escape for life36. How did Steve feel after Brady pulled his jeans?A. Uneasy. B. Impatient. C. Numb. D. Uncertain.37. The passage basical
31、ly describes _.A. an adventure B. an explorationC. an escape game D. a training programCMost groups of plants and animals are richer in species and more plentiful near theequator. In the ocean, that holds true for cold-blooded predators(掠食者). Butwarm-blooded predators are more diverse toward the pol
32、es and noticeably missing fromseveral warm hot spots. Why?John Grady, an ecologist, and his team considered the possibilitywarm-bloodedanimals need a lot to fuel their metabolism(新陈代谢). Perhaps colder waters are justricher in small fish? But they found that at higher, colder places, there isnt actua
33、llymuch more food around. Its more that warm-blooded animals are eating a much biggershare of it than their cold-blooded competitors.The real explanation is simple. An animals speed, swiftness, and intelligencedepend on its metabolism, which in turn depends on its temperature. Since birds andmammals
34、 can keep heating their bodies in icy conditions, they remain fast and attentive.By contrast, the fish they hunt become slower and duller. At some tipping point oftemperature, seals, dolphins, and penguins start outswimming their prey(猎物). Theybecome more likely to come upon targets and outpace the
35、cold-blooded predators oftheir own.In Gradys words, “Warm-bodied predators are favoured where preys are slow,stupid and cold.” Thats why sharks and other predatory fish dominate near the equator,but colder waters are the kingdom of whales and seals. By keeping food to themselves6in the poles, these
36、creatures can then specialize on specific types of prey, which makesthem more likely to split into separate species. The killer whales of the North Pacific,for example, include mammal-eating transients and fish-eating, year-round residents.But the world is changing. Its likely that the surface of th
37、e oceans will warm by 2to 3within this century. Gradys team estimates that every time the oceans surfacewarms by 1, populations of sea mammals will fall by 12%, and populations of sealsand sea lions will fall by 24%.But “predictions are hard,” Donna Hauser from the University of Alaska Fairbanksnote
38、s. “Polar bears are losers of a warming world, but some populations are still doingwell. Some groups of whales have changed the timing of their migrations; others arehunting in deeper, colder waters. These changes might make sea mammals moreadaptable to changing climates. Maybe they just need to fin
39、d the places where fishremain slow, stupid and cold.”38. Why are there more types of warm-blooded predators near the poles?A. Because there is more food.B. Because there are fewer enemies.C. Because they are faster and wiser.D. Because they consume less energy.39. The author mentions the killer whal
40、es to show _.A. the benefit of biological evolutionB. food preference of different sea mammalsC. the distinction of specific types of predatorsD. the advantage of constant body temperature40. What is Donna Hausers attitude towards the future of the sea mammals?A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D
41、. Sceptical.41. Which is the best title for the passage?A.Are the Poles Heaven for Sea Predators?B. How Do Sea Mammals Track Their Prey?C. Why Do the Warm-Blooded Like Food Cold?D. Is the World Too Hot for the Warm-Blooded?DLast fall, I happened to overhear a student telling the others he had decide
42、d not tosign up for an introductory philosophy course. The demands of his major, he saidseriously, meant he needed to take “practical” courses, and “enlightenment” wouldsimply have to wait. For now, employability was the most important.The studentsconversation fits into a larger alarming narrative a
43、bout the role of thehumanities in higher education. In a time of dizzying technological achievement and ofrapid scientific innovation, sceptics of the humanities may question the usefulness of7studyingAristotle, the Italian Renaissance or Chinese fiction.Actually, I regret not interrupting that stud
44、ent to argue for taking that introductoryphilosophy course. I would have started by reminding him that, for much of Americashistory, college graduates were not considered truly educated unless they had masteredphilosophy, literature, political theory and history. The key role of higher education was
45、to invite students into the conversations about matters like what it means to be alive andthe definition of justice. Fostering engagement with these subjects is still an essentialpart of the universitys function in society.I would have also mentioned to the student that he was misinformed about the
46、jobmarket. It is true that many employers are looking for graduates with specializedtechnical skills, but they also look for other capabilities. As the world is transformed byartificial intelligence, machine learning and automation, the unique human qualities ofcreativity, imagination and moral reas
47、oning will be the ultimate coin of the realm. Allthese skills are developed in humanities courses.Further, I would have argued that while a degree anchored in the sciences is animportant precondition for many jobs, it is not the only route. Look no further than thefounders of companies such as Linke
48、dIn, Slack and Flickr, who are among the manytech businesspersons with degrees in the humanities, and who credit that training fortheir success.Contrary to the widely held belief that humanities majors have a hard time gettingjobs, recent studies show that those with humanities degrees are successfu
49、l in theworkplace, experiencing low rates of unemployment and reporting high levels of jobsatisfaction. The ratio between average median(中位数) incomes for humanities degreeholders and those with business, engineering, and health and medical sciences degreeshas been shown to narrow over the course of a career.The case for the humanities can also be understood in less transactional terms andmore as a foundational preparation for a life well lived. A humanities education plays avital role in encouraging citizens to lead an examined l
