1、 句型转换龙首坝中学 孙 镇“ 句型转换 ” 题主要有两大类：一是 基本句式的转换 ；二是 同义句的转换。基本句式的转换主要是指 “ 肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句和选择疑问句、祈使句、感叹句 ” 的转换。 一、肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的转换 这三种句型的转换有共同的规律可循，有几个要点必须牢记。我们可以把各种句式归为两大类： 1、含有 be动词、助动词和情态动词的句子； 2、只有行为动词的句子。 第 1类句子，肯定句改为否定句时，一律在be动词、助动词和情态动词后加 “not”。改为一般疑问句时，一律将 be动词、助动词和情态动前移到句首（首字母大写）。肯定回答用 “Y
2、es”；否定回答用 “No”。 “Yes”或 “No”后面的主语必须用代词， “No”后面必须用否定缩略式。 将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句，并做肯定、否定回答。 1 There are some computers in this school（ be动词） There arent any computers in this school Are there any computers in this school？（ Yes， there are No， there arent） 2 Li Mings father can drive a car（情态动词） Li Mings fathe
3、r cant drive a car Can Li Mings father drive a car？（ Yes， hecan No，hecant） 3 She has already finished her homework now（助动词） She hasnt finished her homework yet Has she finished her homework yet？（ Yes， she hasNo， she hasnt） 第 2类句子必须借助助动词 do； does； did。改为否定句，在行为动词前加 dont（一般现在时态，主语是除第三人称单数之外的人称和数时）； do
4、esnt（一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数时）； didnt（一般过去时态）。改为一般疑问句时，在句首加 Do； Does或 Did。肯定回答用 “Yes”，后面动词用 do； does或did”；否定回答用 “No”，后面动词用 dont；doesnt； didnt。 将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句，并做肯定、否定回答。 1 The children like playing games The children dont like playing games Do the children like playing games？（ Yes， they doNo， they dont） 2
5、 Mary usually goes to school on foot Mary doesnt usually go to school on foot（原第三人称单数改为原形） Does Mary usually go to school on foot？（ Yes， she does No， she doesnt） 3 Tom went to London yesterday Tom didnt go to London yesterday（原过去式改为原形） Did Tom go to London yesterday？（ Yes， he did No， he didnt） 二、特殊疑
6、问句的转换 把句子转换为特殊疑问句，首先要确定划线部分的 “疑问词 ”，人、物、时间、地点、原因、数量等分别用： who； whom； whose； what； when； where； why； how； how many； how much； how often；how old； how long等。将相对应的疑问词放在句首，其余部分改为一般疑问句的形式，就是特殊疑问句。改完后要注意检查句首的首字母大写和句尾的标点符号。 1 My licence number is 573968Whats your licence number？ 2 Mike watches TV every eveni
7、ng What does Mike do every evening？ 3 Jim studied in China last year Where did Jim study last year？ 三、选择疑问句和反意疑问句的转换 改为选择疑问句时，只需注意根据句子的内容用 “or”连接两个并列的成分就可以了。如： Lucy is a student Lily is a doctor改为： Who is a doctor， Lucy or Lily？ 反意疑问句的结构是 “陈述句简短问句 ”，我们必须记住： “前面肯定；后面否定 ”和 “前面否定；后面肯定 ”的规律和简短问句的主语必须用代词
8、的要求。如： Tom likes playing football， doesnt he？ Xiao Hong didnt like singing， did she？ 注意：祈使句的反意疑问句，一般都用 will you？以 Lets开头的一般用 shall we？ 四、祈使句和感叹句的转换 改为祈使句，必须记住：肯定的祈使句，是原形动词开头，否定的祈使句是 “Dont”开头，后跟原形动词。（主语是 I或 we时，句子开头用 let me或 lets）。如： 1 You should remember his telephone number改为： Remember his telephon
9、e number， please 2 Youd better not tell him the bad news改为： Dont tell him the bad news 3 We can go there together改为： Lets go there together 改为感叹句，必须记住，强调的是名词，句首用 What， What后的名词前可以有形容词；强调的是形容词或副词，句首用 How，后面必须紧跟形容词或副词。如： The park is beautiful改为： What a beautiful park！ 或： How beautiful the park is！ He
10、studies English very hard改为： How hard he studies English！经典例题 1 I think teachers are quite busy (否定 ) I teachers quite busy 填 dont think； are。当主句为 I think，否定其从句的含义时，在形式上要否定主句的谓语动词。2 English is very useful.useful subject English is！ 填 What a。感叹词 what修饰可数名词单数时，该名词（或名词前的形容词）前要加 a或 an。3 Alice does her h
11、omework at seven . (否定 ) Alice her homework at seven 填 doesnt do。 do是原句 does的原形，有的同学很容易漏掉。4 Dont forget to close the door， please Dont forget to close the door， ？ 填 will you。祈使句的反意疑问句，简略问句部分用 will you5 The woman is a nurse (复数 ) They are all 填 women nurses。变复数句时，作前置修饰语的名词一般不改为复数形式，但 man， woman例外。6 C
12、ome on， or（否则） well miss（错过） the early bus we hurry， well miss the early bus 填 If， dont。将 “祈使句 or简单句 ”结构转换为含 if条件状语从句的复合句时，从句中的谓语须用其否定形式。 7 Work hard， and youll learn well If ， youll learn well 填 you work hard。 “祈使句 and简单句 ”结构转换为含 if条件状语从句的复合句时，从句谓语用肯定形式。练习 ：一、句型转换：1 She has no brother or sister (改为
13、肯定句 )She has brother a sister 2 Youd better not ask your teacher（改为否定祈使句） your teacher， please 3 Your dormitory（宿舍） is very bright your dormitory is！ 4 The meat is delicious delicious meat it is！ a andDont askHow brightWhat 5 My brother has lunch at the school every day your brother lunch at the sch
14、ool every day？ 6 We are going to learn French next year you to learn French next year？ 7 Mr Hu taught her maths last year Mr Hu her maths last year？ Does haveAre youDid teach二、陈述句与特殊疑问句的转换（即：对划线部分提问） 8 At the age of five， Martin weighed（重） 25 kilos did Martin weigh at the age of five？ 9 The hospital
15、 is about 300 meters away is the hospital？ 10 Bill met the twins last night did Bill the twins？ How muchHow far When meet11 This book is fifteen yuan is this book？ 12 I read 30 pages of the story yesterday pages of the story did you read yesterday？ 13 Lin Tao put the radio on the desk Lin Tao put th
16、e radio？ 14 Its very wet and cold today is the weather today？ How muchHow manyWhere didWhat like15 We are going to study in a new school in two months are you going to study in a new school？ 16 He spent（花费） a whole（整个）morning cleaning the room did he spend cleaning the room？ 17 Wei Hua stayed in bed
17、 yesterday because she was ill Wei Hua stay in bed yesterday？ How soonWhy didHow long答案与解析 ,供教师参考 :1填 a； and。改为肯定句时，原句中的 or应变为 and。 2填 Dont ask。否定祈使句就是在动词原形前加上 Dont。 3填 How bright。是 “How adj adv主语谓语！ ”结构。 4填 What。修饰不可数名词 meat。 5填 Does； have。原句中的 has须恢复成 have。 6填 Are； going。 7填 Did；teach。 8 How much。
18、询问重量； 9 How far。询问距离； 10 When meet。询问时间； 11 How much。询问价格； 12 How many。询问可数名词的数量； 13 Where did。询问地点， put的过去式是 put。 14 What like。询问天气状况； 15 How soon。对表示将来的时间状语提问； 16 How long。对 “时间段 ”提问； 17 Why did。对原因状语从句提问三、比较等级之间的同义转换 1 Jane jumps farther than any of the other girls Jane jumps all the girls 2 She
19、studies more carefully than any other student in her class She studies in her class farthest ofmost carefully四、其他类型的转换 3 Before talking， he told me his name and I told him my name We before talking 4 The foreigners want to know how they can learn Chinese kung fu well The foreigners want to know _ _
20、learn Chinese kung fu well told each others nameshow to5 Tom had no time for breakfast He went to school in a hurry Tom to school breakfast 6 When he saw me in the street， he was surprised（惊奇） He was surprised me in the street 7 Where does he live？ I dont know（合为一句） I dont know hurried withoutto see
21、where he lives8 Mary visited the new school Mary visited the new school，？ 9 There are some sheep on the hill(单数） There on the hill Didnt sheis a sheep答案与解析 ,供教师参考 : 1 farthest of。考查比较级与最高级之间的同义转换。2.most carefully。多音节副词的最高级由 “most原级 ”构成，其前可不加 the。 3.told each others names 4.how to。动词 know， ask， teach， tell等后常用 “疑问词不定式 ”结构，在句中作宾语。 5.hurried， without。 6.to see。 be surprised to do sth意为 “对做某事感到惊奇 ”。 7.where he lives。宾语从句须用陈述句语序。 8 didnt she。简略问句中的主语须用代词。 9 is a sheep。 sheep的单复数同形。Thank you
