1、Unit 5,Omission 减省译法,I. What is Omission as a skill?,A method to avoid translating some words in the original language without reducing or changing the original meaning. (Prerequisite condition: Faithfulness in meaning doesnt suffer) 前提：忠实于原文 The purpose of omission is to make the translation sound
2、smooth and natural in the target language. (A strategy to achieve Expressiveness and sometimes Elegance as well) 目的：通顺，自然，增强表达力,I. What is Omission as a skill?,The decisive factors: a. meaning and structure of the original language b. grammatical and lexical structure of the target language,II. Two
3、Types of Omission,1. Syntactic Omission 句法性减省differences at both word and sentence level2. Rhetoric Omission 修辞性减省differences in the way of expressing, e.g.: the source language - more general while the target language - more specific.,Examples:,1. We are looking forward with interest to your reply.
4、我们带着极大的兴趣盼望贵方的答复。盼复。 2. A gentleman will die for one who appreciates his worth while a woman will beautify herself for one who attracts her.士为知己者死，女为悦己者容。,3. Please make serious efforts to get the goods dispatched with the least possible delay.请尽快发货，尽量不要延误。请速发货，切勿延误。 4. Your prompt reply would be gr
5、eatly appreciated.贵方的快速回复将使我们不胜感激。若能及时回复，不胜感激。即复为感。,Syntactic Omission： 1. 冠词省译,1. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳东边升起西边落。 2. The policeman asked the driver to describe the accident in greater detail. 警察要求司机把事故经过讲得更详细些。 3. The little boy pretended like a man.小男孩假装大人。,Syntactic Omis
6、sion ：2. 介词省译,1. The students from Guangzhou live at home while the others live in the dormitory.广州的同学住家里，其他同学住宿舍。 2. Now complaints are heard in all parts of that country.该国各地目前怨声载道。 3. The Peoples Republic of China was founded in 1949.1949年中华人民共和国成立。,Syntactic Omission ：3.代词省译,人称代词、反身代词、关系代词 1. In
7、 Japan it is rude to blow your nose and as in China, rude to leave your chopsticks standing up in a bowl of rice. 在日本，擤鼻子很不文雅。而在中国，将筷子竖直插在饭碗里是很不恰当的。 2. All the fellows gathered around, stretching their necks like geese.所有的小伙子都聚拢来，像鹅一样伸长脖子。,3. “You must finish your homework before you go out to play,
8、” said Mum to Tom.母亲对汤姆说：“你必须做完家庭作业后，才可以出去玩。 4. How do atoms arrange themselves in solid?原子在固体中是如何排列的？,5. When deeply absorbed in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating and sleeping.他经常聚精会神地工作,往往废寝忘食. 6.If you want to kill a snake you must hit it first on the head and if you want
9、 to catch a band of robbers you must first catch their leader.打蛇先打头，擒贼先擒王。,Syntactic Omission： 4.形式代词“It”的省译,形式主语、形式宾语、时空和天气概念 1. It is only shallow people who judge by appearances.只有浅薄的人才以貌取人。 2. He took it upon himself to pay off the debt.他自愿负责还清债务。,3. It was just growing dark, as she shut the gar
10、den gate.她关院子门时，天黑了。 4. It looks like rain. Youd better go home now.好象要下雨了。 你回去吧。,Syntactic Omission： 5.连词省译,并列连词、从属连词(因果连词、条件连词、时间连词等) 1. He looked gloomy and troubled.他看上去有些忧郁不安。 2. If winter comes, can spring be far behind?冬天来了，春天还会远吗？,3. Just like the ever-changing weather, peoples life is unpre
11、dictable. 天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福。 4. Lets think of a situation where this idiom can be used.我们来想一个可以使用这个习语的场合。,5. As it was already rather dark, we decided to stop at the temple for the night.天已经很黑了，我们决定在庙里过夜。 6. When the masses are of one heart, everything becomes easy.群众齐心协力了，一切事情就好办了。众人一条心，其力可断金。,Syntacti
12、c Omission： 6.动词省译,1. When the pressure gets low, the boiling point becomes low.气压低，沸点就低。 2. Thirty years ago, concern for environmental issues was restricted to small groups of scientists. 三十年前只有少数科学家关注环境问题。,3. The representatives of the two sides have now agreed on the proposals put forward by the
13、 coordinator. 双方代表（已）一致同意协调人的方案。 4.These developing countries cover vast territories, comprise a large population and abound in natural resources.这些发展中国家土地辽阔，人口众多，资源丰富。,Rhetoric Omission： 1.原文重复词语的省译,1. University postgraduate applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those wh
14、o had not.报考大学硕士生的人，有工作经验的优先录取。 2. The crowd was pushing harder. Those in the middle were squeezed against each other so tightly they could not move in any direction. 人群越挤越厉害，夹在当中的人被挤得动弹不得。,Rhetoric Omission： 2.不言而喻的词语的省略,1. For our part, we fully realized that to avoid the possibility of any further ceasefire violations, the troops must be withdrawn.我们充分认识到，要避免可能再一次违反停火协议，就必须撤军。 2. Could you help me in any way?你能帮帮我吗？ 3. We should never take advantage of someone who is in trouble.我们不能乘人之危。,
