1、,激活思维：破译高考,英语,S, 完形填空,S, 完形填空,认识高考英语中的完形填空,1. Those who had little or no training in science might not have made their inventions , _ a ground-work had not been laid by scientists years before. ( ),A. as,B,D. while,C. because,B. if,2. It was 4 oclock when the front doorbell rang.Mrs Clarke was _ tea
2、 at the time. ( ),A. cooking,B,D. serving,C. burning,B. making,S, 完形填空,利用前后对照关系解答完形填空题,When he was speaking to people _ he had no _ understanding what they said . _ , when he was speaking on the phone , he _ had a problem.,(1),(4),(3),(2),(1) A. slowly B. in public C. in person D. carefully ( ),(2)
3、A. difficulty B. idea C. mistake D. interest ( ),(3) A. Instead B. Therefore C. Meanwhile D. However ( ),(4) A. even B. just C. still D. seldom ( ),C,D,A,C,S, 完形填空,利用阅读材料中的复现信息巧解完形填空,利用句子的逻辑关系巧解完形填空,1. I used to call people _ , from the moment I woke up to the time I went to sleep. ( ),A. now and th
4、en,B,D. at work,C. at home,B. all the time,1. The house next door had been empty for so long that we had quite _ what it was like to have neighbors. ( ),A. remembered,B,D. thought of,C. reminded,B. forgotten,S, 完形填空,完形填空对动词的考查,1. There was no choice next morning but to _ my work . Two days passed be
5、fore Mr Fleagle returned the graded papers. ( ),A. give up,C,D. delay,C. hand in,B. continue,2. Her back was so badly twisted by some sadness that her face nearly _ the table top. ( ),A. struck,D,D. touched,C. stuck,B. reached,S, 完形填空,完形填空对名词的考查,1. The clothes a person wears may express his _ or soc
6、ial position. ( ),A. curiosity,B,D. significance,C. determination,B. status,2. The manager lost his _ just because his secretary was ten minutes late. ( ),A. mood,B,D. passion,C. mind,B. temper,S, 完形填空,高考完形对形容词和副词的考查,1. Experts fear that the tendency for women to use most of the parental leave could
7、 make employers _ to give young women the permanent jobs they need to qualify for paid maternity leave. ( ),A. willing,B,D. unable,C. likely,B. reluctant,2. She decided to go home and spend the holiday with her parents.The next day she drove her old car home along the road. _ she found she got a fla
8、t. ( ),A. Suddenly,A,D. Fortunately,C. Immediately,B. Finally,S, 完形填空,完形填空对虚词的考查,1. The traditional approach _ with complex problems is to break them down into smaller , more easily managed problems. ( ),A. to dealing,A,D. to deal,C. dealing,B. in dealing,完形填空的措辞运用,1. It was so obvious _ the deserte
9、d landscape that everybody on the train began to “_” it with their eyes wide open. ( ),A. enjoy,D. see,C. inspect,B. hear,A,41,41,S, 完形填空,跨行信息与词的准确运用,1. Alice became friends with Jane and would _ talk to her at lunch . She did it that way in order to avoid the other kids _ her. ( ),A. secretly,A,D.
10、eagerly,C. quietly,B. happily,42,41,S,41,41的正确答案的跨行信息在文章倒数第二段：She also encouraged her daughter not to feel like she should secretly be friends with Jane but to feel proud of her _ with her.,55,2. She knew the result would depend only on the _ of the younger woman. ( ),A. patience,D. words,C. charact
11、er,B. attitude,C,总之，有的跨行信息时通过某个词在上下文的出现，或是同义词的出现，或是语境的出现，或是主题的思想出现，尤其在文中的中间部分出现这种情况： AAAAA_BBBBB_CCCCC_DDDDD,提醒：做完后一定要通读，看是否符合行文逻辑。, 阅读理解,一、阅读理解高考要求：,理解主旨和要义；理解文中具体信息；推断词义；作出判断和推理；理解文章结构；理解作者意图，观点和态度。,S, 阅读理解,二、历年高考阅读理解的设置特点：,S, 阅读理解,南昌二模阅读理解A篇：,56. Because of the nature of his jokes when he was a c
12、hild , Mark.Twain would _ . ( ),A. run away from school,B. cause his parents to quarrel with others,C. get into trouble with his friends and neighbors,D. like to sit on the bank of the Mississipi river,C,三、两大核心：定位与转换,S, 阅读理解,The author concludes that historical changes would _ . ( ),A. be delayed wi
13、thout leaders with inspiring personal qualities,B. not happen without heroes marking the necessary sacrifices,C. Take place if there were heroes to lead the people,D. produce leaders with attractive personalities,A,S, 阅读理解,S, 阅读理解,先从与题干对应的原文句子或相邻句中找到非生词部分的信息，然后分析选项，唯一能与这部分表达构成或同义替换关系的选项就是正确答案。,Accor
14、ding to the author , in the area of the Central Valley, _. ( ),A. rains usually come without thunder and lighting,B. it is usually dry in April,C. children pay no attention to natural phenomena,D. parents are not interested in thunder and lighting,A,S,原文：doesnt generally experience usually come with
15、out atmospheric sound thunder lighting lightingthat can accompany those rains rainscome, 阅读理解,五、懂单词依 然是做错,单词的一词多义,出题人对选项进行了修饰，通过添词、减词或换词的手法，使选项的意思发生了变化，无法与原文构成真正的同义转换关系,S, 阅读理解,六、长句难句的划分,S, 阅读理解,S, 阅读理解,对应性同义转换,1. People like to collect things.2. People tend to amass possessions.,相反性同义转换,1. The yout
16、h nowadays is the first generation in U.S history that has never experienced the death of a friend or a family member.2. The older generations were quite familiar with the pass away of someone they know.,S, 阅读理解,解释性同义转换,Downsingthe laying off of thousands of workers to keep expense low and profits h
17、igh _ creates feelings of insecurity for many.,归纳性同义转换,1. Apples、oranges、and bananas are his favorite.2. He loves to eat some kinds of fruits.,S,A companys efforts to keep expenses low and profits high may result in the reduction of numbers of employee., 阅读理解,S, 阅读理解,九、出题常考点,开头结尾：认真辨析开头结尾,因果关系：A. 动词
18、表示因果关系,C. 不明显的因果关系词表示因果关系,D. 利用引语来解释因果关系,B. 句子的先后顺序表示因果关系,转折关系,对比关系,例证与观点关系,冠词的考查,S,（2005.27）,1. If you grow up in _ large family,you are more likely to develop _ ability to get on well with _ others. ( ),A. /,an;the,B. a,the,/,C. the,an,the,D. a,the,the,D,（2007.26）,2. Many people have come to reali
19、ze that they should go on _ balanced diet and make _ room in their day for exercise. ( ),A. a,/,B. the,a,C. the,a,D. /,a,A,S,（2008.30）,3. I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting. It is not your fault.With _ rush hour traffic and _ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late. ( ),A. a,a,B. the,
20、the,C. /,/,D. /,a,B,（2009.25）,4. Some people fear that _ air pollution may bring about changes in _ weather around the world. ( ),A. /,the,B. the,/,C.an,the,D. the,a,A,S,高频考点,抽象名词的具体化 ； 例如success考查不定冠词表泛指，定冠词表特指。强调的是特指说话人与听话人心目中都知道的事。The的特指或对照课文重点冠词的固定搭配,S,高频考点,A. the,a,B. the,the,C. /,the,D. the,/,
21、2. Dont worry if you cant come to _ party. Ill save _ cake for you. ( ),A. the,some,B. a,much,C.the,any,D. a,little,A,I looked under _ bed and found _ book I lost last week. ( ),B,A. a,a,B. the,a,C. the,the,D. a,the,3. For him _ stage is just _ means of making a living. ( ),B,S,代词的用法,S,高频考点,不定代词的用法及
22、辨析（90%）some、any、every、no one、nobody、nothing 兼作限定词的不定代词：any、all、none、both、neither、another、each、either、few、little、many、much、other、some等。考查人称代词、物主代词、反身代词等考查指示代词的用法 it、that、one、ones、these。 it还可作形式主语或形式宾语,S,名词的考点,名词的近义词的辨析名词的固定结构在语境中的运用抽象名词的具体化强调课本 integrating skills (综合技能法),S,时态与语态,一般过去时态和完成时态的区别进行时态和完成
23、进行时态的区别根据句中明确的时间状语确定时态根据具体的语境判断时态进行时态和完成时态的被动句时态与定语从句，主谓一致及虚拟语气的结合,S,一般过去时态和完成时态的考查,一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时；,(2009，北京),32. John was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather _ with them to school. ( ),A. took,B. had taken,C. were taking,D. would take,B,28. He _ football regularly for many years w
24、hen he was young. ( ),(2008,天津),A. was playing,B. played,C. has played,D. had played,B,S,进行时态和现在完成进行时态的考查,进行时态：now、always、constantly、forever或以look、listen开头的句子中。,过去进行时：this morning、the whole morning、all day yesterday、 from nine to ten last evening、when、while等。,Eg：I was doing my homework when my mothe
25、r came in.,现在完成进行时：表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去，强调中间没有中止过。,Eg：It has been raining for two weeks.,S,根据句中明确的时间状语或者固定的句子结构确定时态,It is the first time (现在完成时),It was the first time (过去完成时),hardlywhen no soonerthan (现在完成时)scarelywhen.,S,进行时态和完成时态的被动句。,其特点是隐去明显的时间状语，通过巧设语境，在具体情境中考查动词的时态；,The price _ , but I
26、 doubt whether it will remain so. ( ),A. went down,B. will go down,C. has gone down,D. was going down,C,根据具体的语境确定时态。时态与定语从句，主谓一致及虚拟语气的结合,S, 情态动词,Can/Could：表示一般性的或理论上可能性，而不是要发生或正在发生的可能性；, I cant find my purse anywhere. You _ have lost it while shopping. ( ),A. may,D. would,C. should,B. can,A,(2009，北京
27、),(2009，北京),Peter _ be really difficult at times ,even though hes a nice person in general. ( ),C,A. shall,D. must,C. can,B. should,May /Might ：表示实际发生的可能性,注意：may not指“可能不”can not指“不可能”,S,Must：用于条件句或疑问句中，译为“偏要，硬要”；, May I smoke here？ If you _ ，choose a seat in the smoking section. ( ),A. should,D. mu
28、st,C. may,B. could,D,(2006，山东),(2001，上海),You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady. ( ),C,A. might,D. would,C. should,B. need,Should：表示说话人对某事不能理解，感到意外，惊异；,S,Shall：用于第一人称和第三人称，常用于疑问句中；, What does the sign over there read？ “No person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette,cig
29、ar or pipe in this area”. ( ),A. will,D. must,C. shall,B. may,C,(2007，四川),(2008，四川),We had to make the corrections by hand as the computer _ do them for us. ( ),C,A. mightnt,D. wouldnt,C. shouldnt,B. neednt,Will/Would：,S,Sometimes she would take a walk in the neighbouring woods.,Go where you will，I
30、will accompany you. Come what would, I would go my own way.,Either pen will do. It would not do to work too late.,S,情态动词：must have done、should have done、ought to have done、neednt have done；,He must have been working hard these years.,情态动词+动词进行式和完成进行式,S,非谓语动词,S,（2008.辽宁）,He was busy writing a story,o
31、nly _ once in a while to smoke a cigarette. ( ),A. to stop,B. stopping,C. to have stopped,D. having stopped,B,（2006.陕西）,He hurried to the booking office only _ that all the tickets had been sold out. ( ),A. to tell,B. to be told,C. telling,D. told,B,S,（南昌二模）,AIDS is said _ the number one killer of b
32、oth men and women over the past few years in that poor area where no medical services are available. ( ),B,My cousin hired a room to live in.,应该注意与修饰词的逻辑关系。,A. to be,B. to have been,C. being,D. having been,S,状语从句,S,A. It is/has been + 时间段 + sinceB. It will be/was + 时间段 + beforeC. It is/was + 时刻点 + w
33、henD. It is + 介词短语(表时间) + that,高频考点,S,While：,高频考点,用在句中表示前后对比和转折 用在句子开头表示让步。“尽管”、“即使” 用在句中，引导表示时间的状语从句，表“在期间”,When：,用作句中，构成句式 表示让步“既然”,Before：,表“还未来得及就” 表“过一段时间才”，多用于it开头的句中,S,名词性从句,S,特殊句型,（2007.山东）,1.倒装句,2.强调句,3.省略句,4.独立主格结构, Where did you get to know her？ It was on the farm _ we worked. ( ),A. that,B. there,C. which,D. where,D,It was on the farm (where we worked) that I got to know her.,S,
