1、句子的种类,句子种类,根据用途,1. 陈述句,2. 疑问句,3. 祈使句,4. 感叹句,肯定句 否定句,一般疑问句 选择疑问句 特殊疑问句 反意疑问句,肯定祈使句 否定祈使句,根据 句子结构,1. 简单句,2. 并列句,3.主从复合句,状语从句 宾语从句 定语从句 表语从句等,（一）按使用目的，句子可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。,1）陈述句（Declarative Sentences）：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。,光比声传播速度快。这部电影很乏味。,Light travels faster than sound.,（说明事实）,The film is rather boring.,（
2、说明看法）,英语的否定句除了用not 否定谓语动词来体现外， 含有以下词汇的也是否定句：never, nothing, none, neither, neither nor, no one等。,将下列句子改为否定句 Youd better shut down the computer.Youd better _ _ down the computer. 2. Sue scored in the football match, too.Sue _ _ in the football match, _. 3. He always goes back to his hometown during t
3、he winter holiday.He _ goes back to his hometown during the . 4. Both chemistry and physics are interesting._ chemistry _ physics _ interesting. 5. There is some soil on the rock. There _ _ soil on the rock. 6. The student has already made a study plan. The student _ made a study plan _.,not shut,di
4、dnt score,either,never,Neither nor is,isnt any,hasnt yet,按要求变问句 ： We are doing eye exercises.（一般问句）2. They slept well last night.(用badly改写）3. Theres going to be an English film tomorrow.4. The children drew pictures once a week.5. Everybody has come.(反意问句）,Are you doing eye exercises?,Did they sleep
5、 well or badly last night?,When is there going to be an English film?,How often did the children draw pictures?,Everybody has come, havent they?,2）疑问句（Interrogative Sentences）：提出问题。有以下四种：,a. 一般疑问句（General Questions）：,你能按时完成工作吗？,Can you finish the work in time?,b. 特殊疑问句（Wh-Questions）：,你住那儿？,Where do
6、you live?,c. 选择疑问句（Alternative Questions）：,你是要茶还是要咖啡？,Do you want tea or coffee?,d. 反意疑问句（Tag-Questions),他不认识她，对不对？,He doesnt know her, does he?,特殊疑问句 1.结构：疑问词+ 一般疑问句？ 2.常用的疑问词：人：who, whom, 物：what, 地点：where, 时间：when, what time 问定语的：which, whose 3.由how组成的疑问词：how， how old, how far, how long, how many,
7、 how much, how often, how soon, 4. 常见以what 开头的句型：Whats your mother? Whats this in English?Whats the date today?What day was （it）yesterday?What colour/size are your shoes?,1.She had breakfast at home.Where did she have breakfast? 2. My mother is going to attend a parents meeting.3. I went to see him
8、once a week.How often did you go to see him? 4. They have written for an hour.How long have they written? 5. They will be back in a month.How soon will they be back? 6. The girl with blue eyes is Jean.Which girl is Jean? 7. The boy was one and a half meters tall last year.How tall was the boy last y
9、ear?,Who is going to attend a parents meeting?,3）祈使句（Imperative Sentences）： 提出请求，建议或发出命令。动词用原形,当心！ Look out! 别紧张！ Dont be nervous!,4）感叹句（Exclamatory Sentences）：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。常以What/How 开头。,多好的消息啊！ What good news (it is)! 多结实啊！ How strong !,用动词适当形式填空： Its an important meeting. _( not be) late. 2.
10、_( not make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping. 3. _( not speak) with your mouth full of food and _(be) polite. 4. _(not talk) and _(read) aloud. 将下列句子变为感叹句： 5. Nanjing Road Walkway looks beautiful at night._ _ Nanjing Road Walkway looks ! 6. They are good children._ _ children they are! 7. She has
11、 a very useful dictionary.What _ _ dictionary she has!How _ _ dictionary she has!,Dont be,Dont make,Dont speak,be,Dont talk,read,How beautiful,What good,a useful,useful a,1）简单句（Simple Sentences）：只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句。,二、句子按其结构可以分为以下三类：,She is fond of collecting stamps. 她喜欢集邮。,2）并列句（Compound Sentences）：包含两
12、个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句，句与句 之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接。,3）复合句（Complex Sentences）：包含一个主句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句，从句由从属连词引导。The film had begun when we got to the cinema. 我们到达电影院的时候，电影已经开演了,She is good at English, and I do well in maths.,（三）基本句型（Basic Sentence Patterns）：英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的：,1）主 + 不及物动词（SV）例如：I
13、work. 我工作。 2）主 + 连系动词 + 表（SVP）例如：John is busy. 约翰很忙。 3）主 + 及物动词 + 宾（SVO）例如：She studies English. 她学英语。 4）主 + 及物动词 + 宾 + 补（SVOC）例如：Time would prove me right. 时间会证明我是对的。 5）主 + 及物动词 + 间宾 + 直宾（SVOiOd）例如：My mother made me a new dress. 我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。,常见带双宾语的动词： give, pass, ask, tell, show, lend, hand, retur
14、n, offer, send, write, bring等此节中的动词后的间接宾语常可以换为由to 引起的短语 2. make, buy, do, get, cook, sing, find, fetch, play等 此节中的动词后的间接宾语常可以换为由for 引起的短语,1.She felt asleep.主语+连系动词+ 表语 2. We are studying.主语+ 不及物动词 3. Mr. Smith has taught us for two years.主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语 4. Would you tell us more about that question?主语+ 及物动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语 5. The teacher wants him to clean the room at once.主语+ 及物动词+宾语+宾补,
