1、Unit 1 Great scientists,Reading,Pre-reading,What do you know about infectiousdiseases?,Infectious diseases can be spread easilyThey may have an unknown cause anddo great harm to people., People could be exposed to infectious diseases,so may animals,such as bird flu., AIDS,SARS are infectious disease
2、s., Infectious diseases are difficult to cure.,1., What do you know about cholera?, Cholera is caused by a bacterium called Variant cholera., It infects peoples intestines,causing diarrhea,vomiting and leg cramps.,The most common cause of cholera is that people eat food or drink waterthat has been c
3、ontaminated by the bacteria., Cholera can be mild or even without symptoms,but a severe one can lead todeath without immediate treatment.,2. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research?Discuss in small groups the stages in examining a new scientific idea.What order would you put them
4、in?,Draw a conclusion Think of a method Collect results Make up a question Find a problem Analyse the results Repeat if necessary,Repeat if necessary,Draw a conclusion, Analyse the results,Collect results,Think of a method,Make up a question,Find a problem,Read the text and put the correct stagesint
5、o the reading about research intoa disease.,Read the text and answer these questions:,1)Why did thousands of people die every time there was an outbreak of cholera?,2)How many theories explaining how cholera killed people? What are they?,3)Which theory did John Smith believe in?,4)What was it that c
6、aused the illness? Why?,5)What extra evidence did John Snow find?,6)What should be done to prevent cholera from happening again?,Look at the map in the text and read the sentences on the right of it. Try to understand the map and its importance.,Read the whole text and do the exercises in Coprehendi
7、ng on page 3.,Fill in the chart after reading the passage.,1,Read the passage again and answer these questions.,Two diseases,which are similar today, are SARS and AIDS. Because they are both very serious , have an unknown cause and need public health care to solve them.,2,1.Cholera was a 19th centur
8、y disease.What disease do you think is similar tocholera today?Why?,He found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera,collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.,2.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?,No.The map helped J
9、ohn Snow organized his ideas.He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits.He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits.The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.,3.Do you think
10、 John Snow would have solved this problem without the map? Give a reason.,Explanation:,Finally,we _their class and _ the game.A. won;defeated B. defeated;wonC. won;won D. defeated;defeated,注：defeat + 人/集体(a team,a class,an army)win + a game / battle / war / prize,1.John Snow defeats “King Cholera“,2
11、. attend vt , vi 1)to be present at;go to (meeting, school, conference, lecture)出席；参加。,He decided to attend the meeting himself.,2)to look after,care for,serve 照顾，看护,Which doctor is attending to(on) you?,3)to go with 伴随The work was attended with much difficulty. 这项工作带来许多困难。,attendance n. 照顾，出席人数,他决定
12、亲自赴会。,哪位医生护理你的？,3. expose vt. (与to连用)暴露，揭露，受到风险,1)Being exposed to sunlight for too much time willdo harm to ones skin.,2)Her innocence and youth will expose her to many dangers,4. cure v. 治愈 n. 痊愈，疗法，良药,A cure of this disease is not yet to be found.,A cure for this disease is not yet to be found.,搭
13、配 to cure sb. of sth. , BUT a cure for sth.,n.,v.,5.control v. / n. 统治，控制,The government tries its best to control the prices.,1)lose control of / be(go) out of control失去控制，无法控制,The driver lost control of his car and it knocked into a tree. =The car,was out of control and knocked into a tree.,2)in c
14、ontrol of / under the control of,Mr Brown is in control of the money. =,The money is under the control of Mr Brown.,政府努力控制物价。,6. Notice these sentences:,1)John Snow was a well-known doctor in London so famous,indeed,that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.,2)Neither its cause
15、,nor its cure was understood.,3)So many thousands of terrified peopledied every time there was an outbreak.,4)He got interested in two theories explain-ing how cholera killed people.,7. absorb vt. / vi.,1)to take or suck in(liquids) 吸收,A sponge absorbs water.,2)to take in (knowledge,ideas) 专心于,The l
16、ittle girl was absorbed in reading a tale.,8.severe adj.,1)so serious;so bad （人,纪律）严厉的,严格的,His severe looks frightened me.,2)very harmful or painful;serious or uncomfortable （疼痛）剧烈的，严重的,- severe acute respiratory syndrome 严重的、急性的呼吸道综合病,海绵吸水,这个小姑娘正在全神贯注地阅读一篇故事。,他的严厉表情使我恐慌。,SARS,blame vt. 责备；谴责；把归咎于n.
17、 过失，责备,9.It seemed the water was to blame.,He is to be blamed.,He is to blame.,注意:be to blame 该受责备主动语态表被动意义,blame sb. for sth. 因而责备某人 blame sth. on /upon sb. 把归咎于某人 eg. They blamed him for the accident.,Truth may be blamed but shall not be shamed. 真理可能受责难，但不能受污辱。,I feel it is your husband who _for t
18、he spoilt child.A. is to blame B. is going to blameC. is to be blamed D. should blame,10.The map gave a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.= The map gave a clue about the causeof the disease.The clue was of,value,adj.,n.,11. in addition = as well “另外”in addition to=as well as besides “除之外”
19、 eg. 1) ,there are six applicants.2) lending me his camera,he taught me how to use it.,In addition,In addition to,12. announce v.,1) to make known publicly 发表，告知，宣布,The government announced its new economic policies.,2)to state in a loud voice(the name of a person or thing on arrival,as of people at
20、 a party or aircraft at an airport)宣布(客人名字、到达等),His servant announced Mr and Mrs White.,3)to make clearly known(事情)显示，预告,Warm sunshine announces the coming of spring.,政府发布了新经济政策。,他的仆人通报怀特夫妇驾临。,温暖的阳光预示春天即将来到。,13.A woman,who had moved away from Broad Street,liked the water so much that she hadhad it d
21、elivered from the pump to her house every day.,14.To prevent this from happening again,John Snow suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined and new methods of dealing with polluted water be found.,eg. 1) The teacher suggested that he (write) an English diary every day.,write,2) Gran
22、dfather suggests (take) the children to the zoo this weekend.,taking,(should),3) All evidence suggested that he (be) the murderer.,was,Homework:,Fill in the gaps according to the text.,John Snow was a famous doctor in London in the 19th century.He _ Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies. At
23、 the time he lived,cholera was the most frighten- ing disease, _killed many thousands of people in the industrial cities in England. Nobody knew the _ of the disease and the _ for it. Snow got interested in two _ .The first suggested that cholera _ in the air without reason. The second suggested peo
24、ple _ this disease into their bodies with their meals.He believed in the_ theory. So he collected much information to _ it. He did a lot of research and experiments. He _ the results and drew a _: It seemed the water was to_ , that is,it was the polluted water that caused the illness.,attended,which
25、,cause,cure,theories,multiplied,absorbed,second,prove,analysed,conclusion,blame,Some examples for Ex.3 at page 4,1. The teacher asked us not to make faces in class. 2. I try to make friends with my new neighbours. 3. He works hard to make money for further study. 4. I didnt like them collect me in t
26、heir car so I made my way to the restaurant on foot by myself. 5. If you often make phone calls abroad it will cost you lots of money. 6. Before you pay for that new car， make sure it has a guarantee,which will protect you against any problems during the first year. 7. I make up my mind to study hard and go to a top university in the future. 8. Please make the bed before you leave the flat. 9. He is cleaning the corner to make room for the piano.,The End,
