1、Dynasties in English HistoryMany people feel it is difficult to learn about the replacement of the dynasties, it will not be difficult to understand when connects the important events with the monarchs. British history so far has a total of ten dynasties. In chronological order they are: House of No
2、rmandy, House of Plantagenet, House of Anjou, House of Lancaster, House of York, House of Tudor, House of Stuart, House of Hanover, House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha and House of Windsor. Turnover is caused mainly by the alien subjugation, the civil war and the succession to the throne.Now, I would to intr
3、oduce them as follows:House of Normandy (1066-1154), in the year 1066, Williams army crossed the English Channel, less than a year to conquer territory of England. He established the British history of the first dynasty: the Norman Dynasty. The establishment of Norman Dynasty means that England had
4、changed from military democracy period into the period of feudalism.During this period there are four kings ruling, they are William the Conqueror, William II, Henry I, Stephen. House of Plantagenet (House of Anjou (1154-1399), the House of Plantagenet is also called House of Anjou. In this period,
5、feudalism was established and Simon de Montfort summoned the Great Council to meet at Westminster in 1265, which is seen as the earliest parliament. The most important event is about Magna Carta, the royal charter of political rights given to rebellious English barons by King John in 1215. This Dyna
6、sty totally has eight kings, including John King. The John King was the king who had been signed with the parliament about the Magna Carta. During civil war in 1264, Henry III was Simon de Monfort. In 1265, de Montfort summoned Parliament, as the beginning of the British parliament. Since 1343, Cong
7、ress divided into composed of nobles of the House of Lords and the representative knight, public house, established the parliamentary monarchy.House of Lancaster (1399-1461), the last king of the House of Plantagenet, Henry II, was replaced by his cousin. The newly elected Henry IV was the son of th
8、e Duke of Lancaster, was so named. The Lancaster family to red roses for logo, York white rose family to sign. The two contending for the throne of the war is called “the war of the roses“. This dynasty experienced four monarchs and was eventually overthrow by the York family. During this period, fe
9、udalism began to decline. Lancaster dynasty ruled by three generations of three Henry, its Henry IV, Henry V, and Henry VI. Henry V also made the Agincourt campaign this victory. But under the leadership of the French king Charlie VII gradually restore inferior, finally connecting Britain people fro
10、m outside of France except Calais. The hundred years War to the British people, it also brings great burden. As the war gradually fail, the succession and various grievances.After the death of Edward IV, his son Edward V succeeded to the throne. But Edward P is soon uncle Duke of Gloucester Richard
11、into Tower of London and then disappear, Edward IVs brother Richard became the king of Richard Sans. This caused the family division of YorkHouse of York (1461-1485), York Dynasty is a British Dynasty, the dynasty in the second half of fifteenth Century and Lancaster Dynasty for the crown, this last
12、 battle led to the war of the roses. War named was due to the two dynasty family have a rose. York Dynasty is a white rose; Lancaster Dynasty was a red rose. This Dynasty experienced only 25 years. Most of the time is the reign of Edward IV and it is also the shortest time dynasty rule. In 1470 Henr
13、y VI reduction, Edward IV in the French army help defeated the Earl of Warrick, and Henry VI died in the Tower of London. 1483 Edward P ascended the throne, the same year the same brother the Duke of York Richard was Regents uncle the Duke of Gloucester to Tower of London. The bones were discovered
14、in 1674. 1483 Richard Sans ascended the throne, as Edward IVs brother, the Duke of Gloucester. In 1483 to become regent, killed his nephew Edward V ascended the throne after. But in the Earl of Richmond Henry Tudor Yubo beauty wilderness fighting men, because of William Stanleys treachery and killed
15、 the end of defeat, York.House of Tudor (1485-1603), this dynasty to founder named Tudor was a descendant of the Lancaster family, won the throne as Henry VII. This dynasty relies on new business owners and the new nobility to consolidate rule. Henry VIII due to marital problems with the Pope of Rom
16、e break, the results establish the Church of England. One of the last monarchs is Queen Elizabeth I. This is also the transition time, Feudalism to Capitalism; Religion Reformation. Calais, the last British possession on the Continent was lost to France in 1558. Elizabeth I, 1558-1603. Born in Green
17、wich PuLeiSen and palace of England in November 17, 1558, and Elizabeth I acceded to the throne, in November 17, 1558 to March 24, 1603 of the England and Ireland queen, she was the fifth and last monarch in Tudor. Reign in the history of the United Kingdom known as the “Elizabeth period“, also know
18、n as “the golden age of British“. Elizabeth has never married, no children, so it is called the “virgin queen“.The mercantilism policy on all aspects of British society in the Tudors has exerted a tremendous influence. The British mercantilist policies had revitalized the national industry, and this
19、 had offered a premised condition for the British capitalist industry; Mercantilist policies unveiled the prelude of the agricultural capitalism, pushed the British feudal serf system; also neutralized the feudal nobles territory ownership, led to the redistribution of land ownership; to establish e
20、xtroversion economy pattern, drive the British move toward the world.Although not last for long, but the Tudors in Britain from feudal society to capitalist society transition in such a critical time, thereby the implementation of policies also have times distinguishing feature extremely.What is nee
21、ded to mention is the renaissance. The Renaissance was a cultural movement in the fourteenth Century to seventeenth Century, during the late middle Ages originated in Florence, later extended to countries of Europe. “Renaissance“ one word can be roughly refers to the period of this one history, but
22、as a result of Europe because of its changes is not entirely consistent, so the “Renaissance“ was generally called in this period.House of Stuart (1603-1714), all the monarchs in the Stuart, in addition to Charlie II, had poor relationship with the England congressional. James Stuart didnt know well
23、 about the British Parliament and looked down upon of the British House of Commons; he advocated the divine right of kings. During the reign of Charlie I, son of James Stuart, broke the British bourgeois revolution. And people overthrow the reign of Charlie I of England; England became the republic
24、with no king and the House of Lords. On 1660, there happened the restoration of the Stuart. The reason why the new bourgeois and aristocratic underwent restoration of the Stuart.But for Congress in an attempt to limit his power, Charlie I didnt convene parliament as long as 11 years. A new bourgeois
25、 and aristocratic in Parliament formed advocated limiting Royal opposition, and Charlie I began nearly 2 years of struggle. The fight was upgraded to the English Civil war. During this period, there had happened a revolution called: The Glorious Revolution. The Glorious Revolution is a nonviolent pa
26、lace coup concerned about the Christianity. This was not the bloody coup is known as the “Glorious Revolution“, marking the end of British bourgeois revolution, after the glorious revolution, Britain gradually established a constitutional monarchy.The establishment of the constitutional monarchy had
27、 produced an important influence for the development of the English historical and many countries in Europe and America political.House of Hanover (1714-1910). Hannover Dynasty and the Brown Shiv F Dynastys predecessor, is the Welf Dynasty, the ancestors can be traced back to Isaacson and the Bavari
28、an Duke Henry the lion. Henrys son William became Duke of Lu to Fort. The Brown Shiv F Dynasty Lu to Fort Branch, after years of development, in 1692 to become a Hannover elector country. Since then, the royal staff to the country name, was renamed the Hannover branch, which is a dynasty of Hannover
29、. In 1714 Sophia before Anne died, and his son George Louis inherited the throne to be. When Anne died, George Louis got the British throne, called George I, thus beginning the British Hannover dynasty.Vitoria and Germany from Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Sachse - states married Albert, so when their son A
30、lbert Edward succeeded to the throne in 1901 (as Edward VII), had called the Hannover Dynasty as Sachse - Coburg and Gotha dynasty. This is why people think that the British Empire only experienced the replacement of eight Dynasties. During this period, the Capitalism was established. There was anot
31、her important event that was the Industrial Revolution. The British Industrial Revolution or called the industrial revolution in England generally considered to be in eighteenth Century originated in the central region of Englands industrial revolution. The British industrial revolution has affected
32、 the entire continent of Europe, and led at that time many countries have occurred in the industrial revolution. From the view of the production technology, industrial revolution makes the factory system to replace the manual workshop, machines replaced manual, creating huge productivity; mankind en
33、tered the age of steam, the UK as the “world factory“.The Chartist Movement is also very important for us to know about it. In nineteenth Century 30-50 time British towards “the peoples charter“ of the labor movement. In 1832 the British Parliament reform (see monarchy of Britain) for the industrial
34、 bourgeoisie opens into the parliaments gate, in this one reform played a great role in the struggle of the masses of people are still in the right position. They were determined to independent political struggle, strive for new electoral reform.House of Windsor (1910-), In July 17, 1917 the Privy C
35、ouncil issued a royal decree, announced the British royal family and the Royal parent offspring private name, changed to Windsor. Windsor from Fort Windsor is one of Britains oldest palaces. In 1938, King Edward Bath abdicated the throne, his brother succeeded to the throne as George VI, Duke of Yor
36、k. But king George knee only princess two, to the British royal family once again facing the change dynasties. But king Georges eldest daughter, today after Queen Elizabeth Ss marriage to the things that bring a favorable turn. In December 20, 1947, Elizabeth and his three cousins Prince Philip marr
37、ied Greek. Prince Philip married in March 18th of the same year, abjure the Greek line of succession, and in accordance with his uncle Louis Mountbatten Duke will changed his name to Louis Mountbatten. After the wedding of Prince Louis Mountbatten presented the British Empire will be renamed the Lou
38、is Mountbatten Dynasty requirements. This is Elizabeths grandmother, Queen Marie veto. She asked the then British Prime Minister Sir Churchill queen Elizabeth S descendants surname and dynastic name will remain as Windsor bill to Congress, Congress later in 1952 April passed a resolution. In 1960, t
39、he Queen Mothers death, the queen issued a royal decree of the Privy Council, announced their descendants surname is Louis Mountbatten Windsor, Windsor Dynasty name keep. This means the continuation of Windsor Dynasty. Of course, this decision is temporary, the Queens successor can at any time in th
40、e Privy Council issued a royal decree, overturned this decision.In this Dynasty, the famous Queen is Elizabeth II; she is also the British monarchy. In February 6, 1952 she was crowned, June 2, 1953, is the current (as of 2012 January) in second long head of state. She is not only a British, Commonwealth and 15 members of the head of state, but also in the Church of England Supreme leader.We can know well about the British history from the view of the ten Dynasty.
