1、 2011 年职称英语考试理工类 A 级真题及答案一、词汇选项1. For some obscure reason, the simple game is becoming very popular.A. unclear B. obvious C. major D. minor2. The sea turtles natural habit at has been considerably reduced.A greatly B suddenly C generally D slightly3.I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch.
2、A instructing B notifying C pushing D inviting4.It is possible to approach the problem in a different way.A raise B pose C experience D handle5.The decision to invade provoked storms of protest。A ignored B organized C caused D received6.Jane said that she couldnt tolerate the long hours.A spend B ta
3、ke C last D stand7. At 80,Peck was still vigorous and living in Paris.A energetic Bhappy C alone D busy8.Forester stared at his car，trembling with rage.A shaking B turning C jumping Dshouting9.A young man is being hailed a hero tonight after rescuing two children.A reported B proved Cpraised D caugh
4、t10.I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse.A anxious B sure C sad D afraid11.At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.A give B attach C lose D understand12.Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do .A doubting B saying C thi
5、nking D knowing13.He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source.A maintained B recommended C considered D acknowledged14.The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.A relative B general C continuous D sharp15.She always f
6、inds fault with everything,A criticizes B simplifies C evaluates D examines答案：1、unclear- obscure.模糊不清晰的2、greatly considerably， greatly 意思为 adv. 相当地;非常地3、push- urge 催促某人做某事 push 推; 促进;逼迫4、handleapproach 解决问题5、caused -provoke: 激怒.惹起 .驱使，造成6、stand= tolerate 忍受、 承受7、energetic-vigorous 精力充沛的 有活力的8、shake
7、tremble 颤抖 颤动9、praised -hail: 招呼.致敬. 万岁.向.欢呼10、afraid- scared 害怕.恐惧11、understand- grasp 理解，明白12、saying- remarking 说话，说出13、maintain assert 主张、声称、断言14、continuous steady . 稳定的15、criticizes- finds fault with 挑错，批评二、阅读判断Earth Rocks on16. The ground beneath our feet is indeed still.-Wrong17. The shape of
8、lands and oceans are slowly changed with the movements of plates.-Right18. Earth cooled down shortly after it was formed.-Not Mentioned19. Scientists once estimated that Earths crust started shifting three billion years ago.-Wrong20. It took a long time for the melted crust to become hard. -Right21.
9、 The formation of the Isua supracrustal belt is thought to have started about 3.8 billion years ago. -Right22. The Isua supracrustal belt is now a popular holiday resort. -Not Mentioned三、概括大意与完成句子The IPadThe IPad is a tablet computer（平板电脑）designed and developed by Apple. It is particularly marketed
10、as a platform for audio and visual media such as books, periodicals（期刊）, movies, music, and games, as well as web content. At about 1.5 pounds （680 grams）, its size and weight are between those of most contemporary smartphones and laptop computers. Apple released the IPad in April 2010, and sold 3 m
11、illion of the devices in 80 years.The IPad runs the same operating system as IPod Touch and IPhone. It can run its own applications as well as ones developed for IPhone. Without modification, it will only run programs approved by Apple and distributed via its online store.Like IPhone and iPod Touch,
12、 the IPad is controlled by a multitouch displaya break from most previous tablet computers, which uses a pressure-triggered stylus（触控笔）. The IPad uses a Wi-Fi data connection to browse（浏览） the Internet, load and stream media, and install software. Some models also have a 3G wireless data connection
13、which can connect to GSM 3G data networks. The devices is managed and synchronized（同步）by ITunes on a personal computer via USB cable.An IPad has different features and applications one can use to execute different and interesting things. There are lots of IPad applications that the owner can use to
14、enhance the way they communicate. Some of these are how to use social networking sites and other online options. One of the most common uses is for e-mail services. IPand applications like Markdown Mail allow the adoption of specific and particular options. They enable the owner to personalize their
15、 email accounts.While the IPad is mostly used by consumers it also has been taken up by business users. Some companies are adopting IPads in their business offices by distributing or making available IPads to employees. Examples of uses in the workplace include lawyers responding to clients, medical
16、 professionals accessing health records during patient exams, and managers approving employee requests. A survey by Frost 如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。A new era is upon usA new era is upon us. Call it what you will: the service economy, the information age, the knowledge society. It all tr
17、anslates to a fundamental change in the way we work. Already were partly there. The percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen dramatically in the Western World. Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan ( two thirds or more in many of these countries) are i
18、n the service industry, and the number is on the rise. More part-time jobs, more people are self-employed. But the breadth of the economic transformation cant be measured by numbers alone, because it also is giving rise to a radical new way of thinking about the nature of work itself. Long-held noti
19、ons about jobs and careers, the skills needed to succeed, even the relation between individuals and employers-all these are being challenged.We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead. No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could have foreseen the ways in which a single i
20、nvention, the chip (集成块), would transform our world to its applications in personal computers, digital communications and factory robots. Tomorrows achievements in biotechnology, artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar wave of dramatic changes. But on
21、e thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more vital, and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantage and produce the wealth. Computer knowledge will become as basic requirement as the ability to read and write. The ability
22、to solve problems by applying information instead of performing routine tasks will be valued above all else, if you cast your mind ahead 10 years, information services will be predominant. It will be the way you do your job.16.The service industry is relying more and more on female work force.A.Righ
23、tB.WrongC.Not mentioned.17.Most of the job opportunities can now be found in the service industry.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned.18.Peoples traditional concepts about work no longer hold true.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned.19.People have to change their jobs from time to time.A.RightB.WrongC.Not menti
24、oned.20.By referring to computers and other inventions, the author means to say that future achievements in technology will bring about inconceivable dramatic changes.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned.21.The future will probably belong to those who possess and know how to make use of information.A.Right
25、B.WrongC.Not mentioned.22.The passage is mainly about features and implications of the new era.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned.第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(第 2330 题，每题 1 分，共 8 分)下面的短文后有两项测试任务：(1)第 23-26 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 2-5 段每段选择 1 个最佳标题;(2)第 27-30 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为每个句子确定 1 个最佳选项。The Atmosphere1 The atmosphere is a
26、 mixture of several gases. There are about ten chemical elements which remain permanently in gaseous form in the atmosphere under all natural conditions. Of these permanent gases, oxygen makes up about 21 percent and nitrogen about 78 percent. Several other gases, such as argon, carbon dioxide, hydr
27、ogen, neon, krypton and xenon, comprise the remaining one percent of the volume of the dry air. The amount of water vapor and its variations in amount and distribution is of extraordinary importance in weather changes. Atmospheric gases hold in suspension great quantities of dust, pollen, smoke and
28、other impurities which are always present in considerable, but variable amounts.2 The atmosphere has no definite upper limits but gradually thins until it becomes imperceptible. Until recently it was assumed that the air above the first few miles gradually grew thinner and colder at a constant rate.
29、 It was also assumed that upper air had little influence on weather changes. Recently studies of the upper atmosphere, currently being conducted by earth satellites and missile probing, have shown these assumptions to be incorrect. The atmosphere has three well-defined strata.3 The layer of the air
30、next to the earth, which extends upward for about ten miles, is known as the troposphere. On the whole, it makes up about 75 percent of all the weight of the atmosphere, because most of the solar radiation is absorbed by the earths surface which warms the air immediately surrounding it. A steady dec
31、rease of temperature with the increasing elevation is a mot striking characteristic. The upper layers are colder because of their greater distance from the earths surface and rapid radiation of heat into space. The temperatures within the troposphere decrease about 3.5 degrees per 1000 feet increase
32、 in altitude. Within the troposphere, winds and air currents distribute heat and moisture. Strong winds, called jet streams are located at the upper levels of the troposphere. These jet streams are both complex and widespread in occurrence. They normally show a wave shaped pattern and move from west
33、 to east at velocities of 150 mph, but velocities as 400 mph have been noted. The influences of changing locations and strengths of jet streams upon weather conditions and patterns are no doubt considerable. Current intensive research may eventually reveal their true significance.4 Above the troposp
34、here to a height of about 50 miles is a zone called the stratosphere. The stratosphere is separated from the troposphere by a zone of uniform temperatures called the tropopause. Within the lower portions of the stratosphere is a layer of ozone gases which filter out most of the ultraviolet rays from
35、 the sun. The ozone layer varies with air pressure. If this zone were not there, the full blast of the suns ultraviolet light would burn our skins, blind our eyes and eventually result in our destruction. Within the stratosphere, the temperature and atmospheric composition are relatively uniform.5 T
36、he layer upward of about 50 miles is the most fascinating but the least known of the three strata. It is called the ionosphere because it consists of electrically charges particles called ions, thrown from the sun. The northern lights ( aurora borealis ) originate within this highly charged portion
37、of the atmosphere. Its effect upon weather conditions, if any, is as yet unknown.23.Paragraph 1 _.24.Paragraph 2 _.25.Paragraph 3. _.26.Paragraph 4. _.A.The Definition and The Description of The IonsB.The Definition And The Description of The StratosphereC.The Suns RaysD.Recent Studies of The Upper
38、Atmosphere Versus Past StudiesE.The Definition And The Description of The TroposphereF.The Composition of The Atmosphere27.At the top of Jungfrau, which towers 12,000 feet above the town of Interlaken in Switzerland, the temperature is usually _.28.Life as we know exists on the earth because the atm
39、osphere _.29.The atmosphere consists of _.30.The troposphere is the warmest part of the atmosphere because it _.A.contains a layer of ozone gases.B.about 42 degrees colder than on the ground.C.21% oxygen by weight.D.less than 1% of xenon by volumeE.about 75 degrees colder than in InterlakenF.is warm
40、ed by the earths heat.第 4 部分：阅读理解(第 3145 题，每题 3 分，共 45 分)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题。请根据短文内容，为每道题确定一个最佳选项。第一篇The VolcanoGeologists have been studying volcanoes for a long time. Though they have learned a great deal, they still have not discovered the cause of volcanic action. They know that the inside of
41、the earth is very hot, but they are not sure exactly what causes the great heat. Some geologists have thought that the heat is caused by the great pressure of the earths outer layers. Or the heat may be left from the time when the earth was formed. During the last sixty years scientists have learned
42、 about radium, uranium, thorium and other radioactive elements. These give out heat all the time as they change into other elements. Many scientists now believe that much of the heat inside the earth is produced by radioactive elements.Whatever the cause of the heat may be, we do know that the earth
43、 gets hotter the farther down we dig, in deep mines and oil wells the temperature rises about 10F for each 50 feet. At this rate the temperature 40 miles below the earths surface would be over 40000F. this is much hotter than necessary to melt rock. However, the pressure of the rock above keeps most
44、 materials from melting at their usual melting points. Geologists believe that the rock deep in the earth may be plastic, or puttylike, in other words, the rock yields slowly to pressure but is not liquid. But if some change in the earths crust releases the pressure, the rock melts. Then the hot, li
45、quid rock can move up toward the surface.When the melted rock works its way close to earths crust, a volcano may be formed. The melted rock often contains steam and other gases under great pressure. If the rock above gives way, the pressure is released. Then the sudden expansion of the gases causes
46、explosions. These blow the melted rock into pieces of different sizes and shoot them high in the air. Here they cool and harden into volcanic ash and cinders. Some of the material falls around the hole made in the earths surface. The melted rock may keep on rising and pour out as lava. In this way,
47、volcanic ash, cinders and lava build up the cone-shaped mountains that we call volcanoes.31.The subject of this passage is the _.A.formation of volcanoesB.results of volcanic actionC.work of geologistsD.interior of the earth32.The cause fro the heat in the interior of the earth is _.A.radioactive el
48、ementsB.the great pressure of the earthC.not determinedD.the heart remaining from the formation of the earth33.From the information given in the passage, most minerals would melt fastest _.A.at 40000F, at sea levelB.at 40000F, 5000 feet below sea levelC.at the exact center of earth at 40000FD.at 400
49、00F, 5000 feet above the sea level34.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A.Geologists know that volcano action is caused by radioactive elements.B.Geologists know that there is higher temperature within the earth.C.The real causes of the heat inside the earth have not been found.D.Scientists have made various guesses about the causes of heat inside the earth.35.The best title for the passage is _.A.The Heat Inside the EarthB.Vol
