1、“Neuroscience and Bahavior” Middle-Term Self-Assessment(week2, week3 and week4)Class_ Name_ No._ Score_1. The following regions have mainly GABAergic output neurons: (A) The pars compacta of the substantia nigra(B) The frontal cortex(C) The external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe)(D) The subtha
2、lamic nucleus2. Striatal efferent neurons:(A) Project directly to the cerebral cortex(B) Project directly to the thalamus(C) Project directly to the subthalamic nucleus(D) Are GABAergic3. In the direct pathway through the basal ganglia, neurons in GPi project primarily to the:(A) Substantia nigra, p
3、ars compacta.(B) Ventral anterior (VA)/ ventral lateral (VL) nuclei of the thalamus(C) Ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus.(D) Subthalamic nucleus4. The major reason why carbidopa is of value in the treatment of Parkinsons disease is that the compound:(A) crosses the blood brain barrier a
4、nd inhibits aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase in the CNS.(B) inhibits monoamine oxidase A in the periphery.(C) inhibits aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase in the periphery.(D) is converted to the false transmitter carbidopamine in the periphery.5. In Huntingtons disease:(A) The main pathological
5、lesion is cell loss in the cerebellum.(B) The direct pathway of the basal ganglia is primarily affected early in the disease.(C) The symptoms are believed to result from loss of neurons in the GPe.(D) The symptoms are believed to result from increased inhibition of the subthalamic nucleus.6. Which o
6、f the following is an example of a declarative memory?(A) Memory of the sensation of touching a flame(B) Memory of a phone number(C) Memory of how to ride a bike(D) Memory of the smell of your grandmothers kitchen7. The pathology of Alzheimers disease is characterized by which of the following?(A) A
7、 pronounced loss of A4/Abeta protein in hippocampus and temporal lobe(B) Abundant neurofibrillary tangles in the thalamus and midbrain(C) Hydrocephalus ex vacuo(D) An accumulation of the synaptic protein, synaptophysin(E) Large numbers of cells that contain Picks bodies8. Which of the following char
8、acterize anterograde amnesia?(A) Loss of both declarative and nondeclarative memories(B) Inability to form new nondeclarative memories(C) Loss of old declarative memories(D) Inability to form new declarative memories(E) Loss of old nondeclarative memories9. In Patient HM, the surgery had profound ef
9、fect on:(A) Personality(B) Declarative memory(C) Intelligence(D) Attention(E) Non-declarative memory10. Which of the following statements is wrong?(A)Habituation involves an activity-dependent presynaptic depression of synaptic transmission.(B) Sensitization involves presynaptic facilitation of syna
10、ptic transmission.(C) Certain forms of implicit memeory involve the cerebellum and amygdala.(D) Damage restricted to specific subregions of the hippocampus is sufficient to impair implicit memory storage.11. All aspects of the brains behavior are due to (A) personalities(B) psychons(C) social factor
11、s(D) the activities of neurons .(E) some unknown force12. Which statement is correct? (A) The endocrine system differs from most of the other organ systems of the body in that the various glands are anatomically connected and form a system in the functional sense. (B) The endocrine system differs fr
12、om most of the other organ systems of the body in that the various glands are anatomically connected but do not form a system in the functional sense.(C) The endocrine system differs from most of the other organ systems of the body in that the various glands are not anatomically connected; however,
13、they do form a system in the functional sense.(D) The endocrine system differs from most of the other organ systems of the body in that the various glands are not anatomically connected, neither do they form a system in the functional sense.(E) The endocrine system does not show difference from the
14、other organ systems of the body.13. Below are some hormones and releasing factors except for (A) Prolactin Releasing Hormone(B) Gonadotropin Hormone(C) Corticotropin Releasing Hormone(D) Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone(E) Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone14. Glucocorticoids comes mainly from (A) hypoth
15、alamus(B) adrenal medulla(C) pituitary (gland)(D) Zona glomerulosa of adrenal cortex(E) Zona fasciculate of adrenal cortex15. Which statement is wrong: (A) Biogenic amines are cleared in principle by reuptake into terminals via specific transporters, which can be the target of psychoactive agents an
16、d drugs (B) Serotoninergic neurons are located in the locus coerulus along the midline of the brainstem (C) Serotonin major targets include all neocortical areas (frontal etc.), limbic cortex (temporal lobe), amygdala, hippocampus etc. (D) Histamine major targets include all neocortical areas (front
17、al etc.), limbic cortex (temporal lobe), amygdala, hippocampus etc. (E) Mesolimbic DA may mediate rewarding effects of naturally rewarding stimuli.16. Below are some biogenic amines except for (A) acetylcholine(B) norepinephrine(C) epinephrine(D) histamine(E) dopamine17. Below are some typical sympt
18、oms of addiction except for (A) Irrational beliefs(B) Loss of control(C) Urges / cravings(D) Admit(E) Compulsive thinking18. Which statement is wrong concerning neurotransmitters effect in alcohol addiction? (A) decreased serotonin causes impulsivity, disinhibition(B) decreased dopamine causes pleas
19、ure, reward, and craving(C) stimulates opiates thus causes euphoria(D) stimulates GABA thus causes sedation and hypnotic(E) inhibits glutamate thus causes amnesia and learning impairments19. According to DSM-IV-TR list, which description is correct? (A) Bipolar I: one or more manic episodes with or
20、without major depressive episodes. (B) Bipolar II: manic episodes as well as at least one major depressive episode. (C) Cyclothymia: a presence or history of hypomanic episodes with periods of depression that can meet criteria for major depressive episodes. (D) Cyclothymia: a presence or history of
21、manic episodes with periods of depression that do not meet criteria for major depressive episodes. (E) Bipolar NOS (Bipolar Disorder Not Otherwise Specified): a catch-all diagnosis that is used to indicate bipolar illness that fit into the other diagnostic categories. 20. HPA-axis hyperactivity may
22、be frequently caused by the factors below except for (A) GR and MR SNPs (B) Nicotine/DES during pregnancy(C) Stroke of the right hemisphere(D) Child abuse/neglect(E) Stressors in adulthood“Neuroscience and Bahavior” Middle-Term Self-Assessment(week 5 and week 6)Class_ Name_ No._ Score_1. The v-SNARE
23、 involved in helping synaptic vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane is:A. Synaptobrevin B. SNAP-25 C. Synaptotagmin D. Dynamin2. Acetylcholine receptors on postsynaptic muscle fibers form ion channels that are permeable to:A. Na B. K+ C. Ca2+ D. All of the above E. None of the above, these acetylch
24、oline receptors form channels selectively permeable to Cl- ions.3. Miniature end plate potentials (or mEPPs) at the neuromuscular junction are produced by:A. Activation of a single acetylcholine receptorB. Acetylcholine released by a single presynaptic fiber action potential.C. Activation of a singl
25、e presynaptic, voltage-activated calcium channelD. Release of a single vesicle from the presynaptic terminal4. Nodes of RanvierA. Are present on non-myelinated nerves.B. Are sites of action potential failure in demyelinating diseasesC. Contain high concentrations of sodium channels.D. Are found on d
26、endrites.5. Whats not the feature of electrical synapse.A. Faster, with no delayB. Transmission is bidirectionalC. The pore is larger than that of the voltage-gated ion channelD. Has synaptic vesicle6. Whats not the feature of chemical synapse?A. Symmetric in structure.B. Synaptic cleft is about 20
27、nm.C. Has synaptic vesicleD. Has postsynaptic density7. What is the mainly excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter?A. Acetylcholine B. GlutamateC. GABA D. Glycine8. What is not the feature of neurotransmitter release?A. Quantal release B. RecycelingC. SNARE complex-dependent D. Calcium independent9.
28、The effect of tetanospasmin to cause clinical manifestation is A. Affect the synthesis of neurotransmitterB. Affect the release of neurotransmitterC. Affect the recycling of neurotransmitterD. Bind to the receptor and block it.10. A-bungarotoxin is 74-amino-acid toxin and blocks transmission by irre
29、versibly binding to A. muscle nAch receptor B. neuronal nAch receptorC. glutamate receptor D. neuronal mAch receptor.11. The fetal alcohol syndrome does not have the following features:A. IQ70 B. Growth deficiencyC. Head and facial abnormalities D. Prenatal alcohol exposure.12. The correct passway o
30、f the generation of neurons is A. embryonic stem cells neural progenitors neural stem cells differentiated cellsB. embryonic stem cells neural stem cells neural progenitors differentiated cellsC. neural stem cells embryonic stem cells neural progenitors differentiated cellsD. embryonic stem cells ne
31、ural stem cells differentiated cells neural progenitors 13. The growth cone of axon is different from other part of the axon such as (multiple choice)A. has mitochondria B. rich in microtubule C. rich in actin D. rich in guidance cues14. Which one of the following is not correct about the neural cir
32、cuits development?A. The circuits grow by precisely guided mechanisms in a direct, perfectly matched manner.B. More neurons are born than are neededC. programmed cell death play a central role in the formation of neural circuitsD. only those neurons survive that make connections to appropriate targe
33、t neurons.15. The neural crest cells can be developed into many tissue exceptA. spinal cord B. Peripheral nervous systemC. Ganglia D. neurosecretory cells of the adrenal gland16The effects of behavioral experiences on the nervous system in childhood and adolescence are that they:Ahave little effect
34、on the structure of the nervous system.Bhelp to program the activity of neural circuits that are fully formed at birthChelp to shape neural circuits by influencing regressive events (e.g. pruning)Dare always less important than genetic factors in determining function17Prenatal alcohol exposure incre
35、ases the risk for certain problems, depending on when in fetal development the exposure occurs. The correct matching of the trimesters and their associated risks are:A1st trimester: growth deficiency; 3rd trimester: facial dysmorphology.B2nd trimester: facial dysmorphology; 3rd trimester: miscarriag
36、e.C1st trimester: facial dysmorphology; 3rd trimester: growth deficiency.D1st trimester: growth deficiency; 2nd trimester: cardiac defects.18Which of the following statements about ocular dominance columns in the primary visual cortex is correct?AIn a normal neonate, afferent fibers representing the
37、 right and left eye overlap. BThe proportion of afferent fibers representing the right or left eye in the primary visual cortex is predetermined by genetic programs. C If there is monocular deprivation during the developmental critical period, the proportion of afferent fibers representing the depri
38、ved eye will increase. DChanges caused by a temporary monocular deprivation during the developmental critical period can be restored to normal by proper training in adults.E Monocular deprivation in adults leads to changes in afferent fiber distribution that are similar to those caused by monocular
39、deprivation during development.19During the development of neural circuits, which of the following ultimately regulates the number of neurons? ARetinoic acid levelsBGenetically programmed numbers of cell divisions CLaminin availabilit D. Target cell-derived factors E. Chemoattractive cues20. During
40、embryogenesis, neurons and glia are generated in massive numbers. Which of the following statements about this process is true? A. Neuroblasts and glioblasts derive directly from embryonic stem cells. B. Neural progenitors are concentrated just beneath the outer surface of the rapidly growing neural tube. C. Cell migration plays a minor role in neural development. D. Symmetric cell division is the principle means of generating cell diversity. E. During formation of the cerebral cortex, newly born neurons migrate past older ones
