1、名词性从句,名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether, if 连接代词：what, which who, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whichever 连接副词：when, where, how, why,辨别下列名词性从句的类别： 1.How the book will sell depends on its author.2.John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 3.The fact is tha
2、t he has not been seen recently.4.The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 5.He will talk to us about what he saw in U.S.6.It is impossible that I go and attend the meeting.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,宾语从句,主语从句,That/wh-clause + v +主语从句 S +be/link.v + that/wh-clause表语从句
3、S + vt + that/wh-clause宾语从句 S + vi + prep + wh-clause宾语从句,主语从句 引导词有连接词that (不可省),whether;连接代词who, whoever what ,which;连接副词 when ,where, how, why等.,1.That he is a famous singer is known to us.(It is known to us that he is a famous singer.),2.When he will go to America is not yet fixed.(It is not yet
4、fixed when he will go to America.),that-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如： Its a pity that you should have to leave. It is not yet decided who will do that job.,用 it 作形式主语的that- 从句有以下搭配关系：,a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句It is necessary/ important / obvious/certain that b.It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is a pity/a s
5、hame/no wonder that c. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句It is believed/ reported / said that It is known to all that d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句It appears/seem thatIt happens thatIt occurred to me that,The foreign minister said, “ _ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”A. this is B. there is C. th
6、at is D. it is 2. _ made the school proud was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.A. That B. What C. Which D. Who 3. _ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A. What B. That C. This D. Which,D,B,D,that 在主从中不充当
7、成分，不可省; what充当主,宾或表语, 不可省.,根据意思选择引导主从的wh-疑问词.,whether 与 if 均为 “是否” 的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被 if 所取代： 主语从句,Whether he will come is unknown.,2. 表语从句，如：,The question is whether you should accept it.,3. 同位语从句，如：,The question whether hell attend the meeting is not decided.,4. 从句作介词的宾语，如：,Im not interested
8、in whether theyll go or not.It depends on whether we have got enough money.,5. 直接跟不定式或紧跟or not连用，如：,She hasnt decided whether to go or not.,用if 或whether 填空,1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow. 2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow. 3. The question is _ this book is worth writing. 4. It depe
9、nds on _ we will have enough money. 5. _ they can do it matters little to us. 6._ you are not free tomorrow , Ill go without you.,whether/if,whether,whether,whether,whether,If,宾语从句,(1). that 可省, 无意义, 不充当成分.what不可省,有意义,充当成分.,(2). 时态,他说他昨天下午没课.,他说光的速度比声的速度快.,He said he had no classes yesterday afterno
10、on.,He said the speed of light is much fater than that of sound.,We cant figure out _ quite a number of animals are dying out.A. that B. as C. why D. when - I think its going to be a big problem. - yes it could be. And I wonder _ we can do about it.A. if B. how C. what D. that,C,C,A computer can onl
11、y do _ you have instructed it to do.A. how B. after C. what D. when These wild flowers are so special that I would do _ I can to save them.A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever,C,A,表语从句,His suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.,问题是我们不能与他取得联系。,The problem is that we didnt get in
12、 touch with him.,这就是亨利如何解决问题的。,This is how Henry solved the problem.,他的建议是我们要立刻完成工作。,- Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? - oh, thats _. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excoted,A,I read about it in some book or other, doed
13、it matter _ it was?A. where B. what C. how D. which Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why,D,A,一般放在名词 fact , news ,word, truth, thought , idea , suggestion, promise, question, problem 等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词.引导词that ;少数情况下也可用连接副词等.,The th
14、ought that we might succeed excited us.,同位语从句,that不充当成分 ，但起引导作用，不能省略。,The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.,(同位),（定从）,同位语从句 与定语从句的区别,（I）试比较下面两个例句: 1.The suggestion that he raised at the meeti
15、ng is very good.2.The suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise is very good.,（that引导定语从句, 作宾语, 可以省略）,（that引导同位语从句,在从句中不担当任何成分，但不可以省略）,辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句 1.We heard the news that our team had won. 2.We must face the fact that we had spent all our money. 3. The news that he told me
16、yesterday was false.4. I have no doubt that he will come soon. 5. The fact is that we have spent all our money.,同位语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,表语从句,Practice,His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable.2. Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online.3.The first req
17、uest that he made was to ask for freedom.4. He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.5. Is this the company where your father works?,(同位),（定从）,（定从）,(同位),(同位),Choose the best answer,1.They expressed the hope _they would come over to China.A. which B. that C. whom D. when 2.The fact_ he di
18、dnt see Tom yesterday is true.A. that B. which C. when D. what 3.I have no idea _he will come back. A. where B. when C. what D. that,4.The news _ surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false.A. that B. when C. what D. how 5.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right.A. what that
19、B. that whichC. that what D. which that 6.Word has come _ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week. A. what B. whether c. that D. which,名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系：1. He has done what he can to help me.-He has done _ _ he can to help me. What I want to say has nothing to do with it.-
20、_ _ I want to say has nothing to do with it.,all that,All that,3. Whoever breaks the law is to be punished. _ _ breaks the law is to be punished. 4. He will give the dictionary to whoever needs if most. He will give the dictionary to _ _ needs it most. 5. Well remember whomever we turned to for help
21、. Well remember _ _ we turned to for help. 6. They will do whatever he wants them to do. They will do _ _he wants them to do. 7. Ill read whichever book you give me. Ill read _ of the books _ you give me.,Anyone who,anyone who,Anyone (whom),anything that,any,that,难点1：用that 或what 填空,1. I wonder if th
22、is is _you are looking for. 2. Our school is quite different from _ it was before. 3. Father made a promise _ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer. 4._ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind. 5._ the earth is round is known to us all.,what,what,that,What,That,难点2：用what, w
23、hatever, who, whoever填空,1._ was said here must be kept secret. 2. _we need is more time. 3._ made the long distance call to him is not important. 4._ breaks the law will be punished. 5. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.,Whatever,What,Who,Whoever,Whoever,巩固练习,1.One of the men held
24、the view _ the book said was right Athat what BWhat that Cthat Dwhether 2.The reason _ I have to go is_ my mother is ill in bed A. why ; why B. why ; because C. why ; that D. that ; because,3.Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I cant remember _. Awhere Bthere Cwhich Dthat 4.Energy is _
25、 makes things work AWhat Beverything Csomething Danything,5.It is important that _ our education in all available ways.A. we must develop B. we shall developC. we would develop D. we should develop 6.It is necessary that _ by the end of the week.A. we got everything ready B. we have got everything r
26、eadyC. We get everything ready D. we must get everything ready 7.It was natural that _.A. my pictures would surprise themB. my pictures surprised themC. my pictures should surprise themD. my pictures would have surprised them 8.I wonder _.A. whether or not Ill catch the last busB. if or not Ill catc
27、h the last busC. that Ill catch the last bus or notD. that Ill catch the last bus,9.We all thought _ a pity that we had missed the lesson.A. so B. such C. it D. that 10.I took _ for granted that they were not coming.A. that B. this C. it D. so 11.I heard _ said that he had great concern for his clas
28、smates.A. and B. that C. was D. it 12.I wish I _ to the football match last night.A. went B. go C. should go D. had gone,13.We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun.A. that B. which C. what D. whether 14.We heard the news _ our team had won.A. which B. that C. what D. where 15.The proble
29、m _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.A. which B. that C. whether D. if 16.You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do.A. which B. what C. that D. where,1.It now appears _ they are in need of help. 2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days. 3.It is thought _ Joe drives badly.
30、4.It may be_ he is late for class. 5.This is _ she was born. 6.The question is _ we cant go there today.7.The question is _ it is worth doing.8.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time. 9.My suggestion is _ we should turn the land into rice fields. 10.My advice is that he _ regular house.,that,that,that,that,where,that,whether,that,that,should,
