1、Subjunctive mood 1,虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜想，而不表示客观存在的事实。,Grammar,与过去事实相反。与现在事实相反。与将来事实可能相反。,虚拟语气 在条件句中的应用通常有三种情况：,与过去相反,If he had been there, it wouldnt have happened. If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.,4. If they h
2、ad studied hard, they could have done it easily that day. 5. If he had not been ill, he would have made greater progress. 6. If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt have been in the hospital.,a. If Tom _ (be) more careful in the exam, he _ (pass) it already. b. If you _ (get) up earlier
3、, you _ (catch) the first train.,had been,would have passed,had got,would have caught,PRACTICE : Fill in the blanks.,c. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ (go) to the concert together.,had met,would have gone,与现在相反,1. If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. 2. If I were you, I would
4、give AIDS patient a hug. 3. If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car.,4. If I had a lot of money, I would buy a villa. 5. If I were you, I would give it up. 6. If I had time, I would help him.,a. If they _ (be) here, they _ (take) your advice. b. If the world-war _ (burst) out again, what
5、_ (happen) to our people on earth?,were,would take,burst,would happen,PRACTICE : Fill in the blanks.,c. If the policeman _ (be not) in that room, it _ (be) very dangerous. d. If I _ (be) in your position, I _ (ask) for teachers help.,were not,could be,were,would ask,与将来相反,1. If there should be a flo
6、od, what should we do? 2. If he were here, everything would be all right. 3. If we were to panic, we would not be able to help.,4. If you worked hard, everything would be all right. 5. If you should work hard, everything would be all right. 6. If you were to work hard, everything would be all right.
7、,a. If there _ (be) no natural resource any more, we _ (make) use of nuclear power . b. What _ (happen) if you _ (get up) too late tomorrow?,should be,should make,would happen,should get up,PRACTICE : Fill in the blanks,c. If Robots _ (control) the world some day, here _ (be) no friendship.,were to
8、control,would be,1. Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _ yesterday. (NMET 06)A. was happening B. happens C. has happenedD. happened,Exercises!,D,2. - Dont you think it necessarythat he _ to Miami but to NewYork?-I agree, but the problem is _ hehas refused to. (05江苏)A. will not be sent; that
9、 B. not be sent; thatC. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what,B,3. If I _ plan to do anything I wanted to, Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. (05湖北)A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to,B,4. You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. (全国卷
10、）A. drove; didnt get B. drove; wouldnt getC. were driving; didnt getD. had driven; wouldnt have got,D,5. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother.（全国卷）A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come,D,注意：错综时间条件句,主句谓语和从句谓语发生的时间不同,分别选用相应的谓语形式. 如果你听了我的话,你现在也不会有这样的麻烦了.
11、 If youd listened to me, you wouldnt be in such trouble now.,与过去事实相反;,与现在事实相反,More Examples,If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now. 如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干的就会容易些。 If he had not taken my advice, he wouldnt do it much better like this. 如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。,Revision: The subjunctive mood 虚拟语气
12、1. 与现在情况相反的假设 If everyone knew first aid, many lives would be saved.(If) did, would do ( should / could / might )If I_(be) you,I would go to the cinema tonight.If you saw the film,you _ ( be) very excited.If they_ (come) ,we could go there together.If we _ ( go ) together,we would have a good time.I
13、f I were in your position, I _ (pay ) close attention to what was happening.,were,would be,came,went,would pay,2. 与过去情况相反的假设 1) If the hurricane had happened during the day-time, there would have been more deaths. 2) If you had studied hard, you would have passed the exam. (If) had done, would have
14、done ( should / could / might ) If you _ ( come ) earlier, you wouldnt have been late. If I had taken money with me yesterday, I _ (repair ) my watch. If I _ (repair ) my watch, I would have got up early. If I_ (get up ) early, I wouldnt have been late.,had come,would have repaired,had repaired,had
15、got up,3. 与将来情 况相反的假设： If you should come tomorrow, I would go fishing with you. If you were to come tomorrow, If you came tomorrow, should do, (If) were to do, would do(should / could / might)did If it should rain tomorrow, I _ ( stay ) at home. If I were to stay at home, I _ ( have ) a good rest.
16、If I _ a good rest, I could put my heart into study next week.,would stay,would have,should have / were to have / had,Practice: Fill in the blanks with proper forms: He _ (tell) you if he _ (know), Imsure. 2. If I _ (have) more time, I _ (learn)another foreign language. 3. If he _ (be) here, he _ (s
17、how) ushow to perform the experiment. 4. If I _ (be) you, I _ (pay) more attention to English idioms. 5. I _ (help) you if I _ (can). 6. If I _ (receive) your e-mail, I _ (answer) it long ago.,would tell,knew,had,would learn,were,were,could,would show,would pay,would help,had received,would,have ans
18、wered,7. If you _ (start) the work earlier, you _ (finish) it by now. 8. If we _ (not rely) on our own streng-th we _ (die) of starvation. 9. If I _ (know) your address, I _ _(write) to you then. 10. If I _ (not be) busy, I _ (come) to help. 11. If we _ (start) out five minutes later, we _ (miss) th
19、e train. 12. You _ (meet) the famous scientist if you _ (come) yesterday.,had started,would have finished,hadnt relied,would have died,had known,hadnt been,would have missed,would,would have come,had started,had come,would have met,have written,13. If I _ (tell) him, he _ (be) greatly surprised. 14.
20、 If I _ (do) it, I _ probably _ (do) it in the same way. 15. If he _ (be) here tomorrow, you _ (ask) him about it yourself. 16. We _ (be) very pleased if you _ _ (attend) the gathering tonight. 17. I _ (ask) him to ring you up if I _ (see) him.,were to tell,would be,would,were / should be,were,would
21、 ask,could ask,would be,to attend,saw / should see / were to see,were to do,do,1.If I had enough money, I would buy a new car. (have, buy) 2.We would have won if Jack had scored that goal. ( win, score) 3.If I were you , I would go to bed early tonight. (be , go) 4.If it were to rain tomorrow, they
22、would not go out . (rain, go out). 5.Had the weather been good, we would have gone (go) out for a walk. 6.If there were (be) any change about the date, I would inform you in time. 7. If I had left (leave) sooner , I would have caught (catch) the bus. 8.Were (be) I to do the work, I should do (do) it
23、 in a different way. 9. Had I turned off (turn off) the electric heater, the house would not have caught (not catch) fire. 10.If you had come (come) yesterday, you would have met (met) that famous professor. 11.The boy can play football so well as if he had trained (train) for years.,用虚拟语气改写下列句子： 1.
24、It did not snow so we went there. If it had snowed , we wouldnt have gone there . 2.You didnt go with us so you didnt see our English teacher. If you had gone with us, we would have seen our English teacher. 3.I wrote it down so I did not forget it . If I hadnt written it down, I would have forgotten it . 4.He got up late so he didnt catch the first bus. If he had got up early, he would have caught the first bus. 5.It was raining yesterday so we didnt hold the sports meeting . Had it not been raining yesterday, we would have held the sports meeting .,
