1、Subjunctive Mood,虚拟语气,1.wish + 从句(only if.) 表示现在不能实现的愿望wish (that) +主语+did Ex: I wish I were a bird. 2. 表示将来不能实现的愿望wish (that) +主语+would/could/might+do Ex: We wish you could/would /might go with us. 3. 表示过去不能实现的愿望 wish (that) + 主语 + had +done Ex: We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier. I wis
2、h I had not told him that.,2.as if / as though + 从句 情况与“wish + 从句”相同。 Our teacher treats us as if we were his children. He talks as if he had been to America.,虚拟条件句 （even if/ though） 例句： If he had time, he would attend the meeting. If he had come yesterday, he would have met Bill If it were to/shoul
3、d rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. If Tome came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. Even if you had enough money, you could not buy the lost time.,5. If I were you, I wouldnt lose heart. 6. If I knew her name this time, I would tell you. 7. If I had left a little earlier, I would have c
4、aught the train. 8. If they were to(should) act like that again, we should criticize them severely. 9. If I got rich, Id travel round the world. suppose(that)/ supposing(that)/ imagine(that)/ what if+ did/ had done eg: That was very nice, but what if you had not finished it?,5.在某些特殊的动词的后面，需要用虚拟语气。 O
5、rder, command, insist, demand, desire, request, recommend, propose, suggest等等，在后面有that从句时，需用虚拟语气。 例句: We insist (that) a meeting (should) be held as soon as possible. I suggest (that) we (should) set off right away. They demanded that the aggressor troops (should) be withdrawn immediately.,6.有些名词,其后
6、面跟的表语从句或同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气. Suggestion, order, proposal, advise, demand request, requirement等等. 例句: My suggestion is that we (should) send a few people to help the other groups. He made a suggestion that they (should) carry on their conversation in French.,7.在某些特殊句型下,需要用虚拟语气. It is/was important/necessar
7、y/essential/natural/ strange/desirable/right/proper/advisable/suggested/requested/ordered + that从句 He said it was important that every member (should) send his subscription by the end of the month. It is necessary that he (should) be sent there at once. It is requested that Miss Cai (should) give a
8、performance at the party.,in case, lest, for fear that(目的状语） （should /may/ might/can/could/would)+do (可虚拟，可不虚拟） I reminded her twice lest she ( should ) forget. (in case 后的should 通常不省略）8.It is (high) time that did/ should do 例句: Its time that we went to bed. I would rather he came next Saturday. I w
9、ould prefer you had seen the film.,9.省略if的倒装句 如果从句中有were，should，had等词， 可省略if，并把were，should，had放句首进行倒装。 e.g. If they were here, they would help us. Were they here, they would help us. If you had come earlier, nothing would have happened. Had you come earlier, nothing would have happened.,10.含蓄条件句 假设情
10、况不以if条件句表现出来，而是通过某个介词或 介词短语，不定式表现出来。如with，without，but for，but， otherwise/or/ but(that), under, in the past.I lost her phone number, otherwise, I would have rung her up. If I had not lost her phone number.But for your help,/ But that you didnt help me, I would not have the chance to go to school. If
11、you had not helped me 11.错综条件句是指条件从句中的动作和主句的动作发生的时间不一致。e.g. If she hadnt studied hard, she wouldnt speak so well.,12. 特殊用法 1) May you have a long and happy life!May all your dreams come true.Long live the people!So be it!2) be /hope/ intend/ mean/ plan/ wanthad hoped to dohoped to have donewould like to have done 本该却未 He had meant to write to you, but he forget.* had hoped that ( would + do) 3) would rather/ sooner that. + did/ had done,
