1、,Grammar,宾语从句 Object Clause,表语从句 Predicative,主语从句 Subject Clasuse,同位语从句 Appositive Clause,名词性从句 Noun Clause,从句一律保持陈述语序。,主语从句,同位语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,How should we use modern technology? The problem is ,The problem is how we should use modern technology.,When will man be able to live on Mars? .is unknown to
2、us all.,When man will be able to live on Mars is unknown to us all.,Where will all these advanced technology lead us ? I cant imagine.,I cant imagine where all these advanced technology will lead us.,His success in the competition made us happy. That he succeeded in the competition in the game made
3、us happy.一个句子， 在连词的引导下，在另一个句子中充当名词使用，叫名词从句,1.连接词有： that whether 和 lf 2.连接代词有：who whom whose which what 等 3.连接副词有：when where why how 等另外 whatever whoever whichever等 也可 以引导主语和宾语两种从句。,名词性从句可以表示：事实和问题。,名词性从句中的“that”没有词义，也不作任何成分。,1. 主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分,1). That he will succeed is certain . 2) Whether he wil
4、l go there is not known . 3) What he said is not true . 4) Where he hid the money is to be found out . 5) Whoever comes is welcome. 6) Its certain that he will succeed .,7) How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting.,8)When theyll start the project has not been decided yet.,It 的用法： （
5、形式主语）It possible/important/necessary/clear that很可能/重要的是/必要的是/很清楚It said/ reported that据说/据报道Its been announced/declared that已经通知/宣布It seems/appears/happens that显然、明显、 碰巧Its no wonder that并不奇怪/无疑Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (众所周知）/ a common saying.（俗话说）,注 意：,What you left are only several ol
6、d books. What you said is of great importance. What he says and does doesnt concern me. What he says and does dont agree.,“if” 不能引导主语从句，应有“whether”引导。,主语从句的 “that” 一般不能省。,“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：1）常与其后的名词作表语一致 2）根据句子的语境而定。,_ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.A. That B. Why C. What D. Ho
7、w,2. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather .A If B Whether C That D Where,3._ is known to us all is that America is a developed country_the First World. Which; belong to b. As, belonged to c. What; belonging to d. It; belonging to,4. Its known to us all _ a form of energy .A. water is B.
8、that water is C. is water D. that water to 5. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A. whether B. That C. what D. when 6.What I say and think _ none of your business.A. is B. are C. has D have,2. 宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（ 可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语） 连词：that, whether，if （ that 常可省略）who, what, which,
9、whoever, whatever, when where why how1). They know that the habit will kill them. 2).It all depends on whether they will support us . 3) He asked how much I paid for the violin. 4).He made it clear to the public that he did an important and necessary job . 5).I find it necessary that we should do th
10、e homework.,注 意：,1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。 The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound.,travels,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be) The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go) Tom says that they
11、_ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear they _ (return) it already. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be),will be,goes,were playing,have returned,had been,6. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write) 7. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (tak
12、e) 8. Ling Feng told me he _ to the Great Wall several times. (be),wrote,has taken,had been,3. 表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后. 作用：对主语进行解释说明。,连接词：that / whether /as if /as though（ if 不引导 表语从句) 连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词：when / where / why / how / because,The question is whether we can r
13、ely on him. Thats because we were in need of money at that time . He looked as if he was going to cry . Thats why I was late .,注 意：,在表语从句中，表“是否” 时，只能用 “whether”不能用“If”。 一般情况下，“that”不能省。It is /was because .It is /was why. 3. The reason (why/for)is /was that. 4 The reason is because /why,that .,1. Tha
14、ts _ the Party called on us to do.A. why B. what C. how D. that 2. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine.A. because B. why C. that D. Whether 3 .That is _ they separated.A. that B. what C. which D. where 4.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago.A. what B. which C. that D. when,4 同位
15、语从句：从句在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词（ idea ；belief ； fact ； truth ； problem ；news 等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明.,同位语从句常用 that 引导或用连接副词when / where/why / how / whether,1) The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people . 2) Word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them .,3).Sydney ke
16、pt his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.,I have no idea,when he will be back.,how he can get the treasure.,where the concert will be hold.,who can finish the work.,why it happened.,which pen is mine.,what we should do next.,whom they are talki
17、ng about.,whether itll rain tomorrow.,that our football team won the game.,I have heard the news that he visited our factory . I have heard the news that he told you the other day .,同位语从句和定语从句的区别： 1 同位语从句that 只起连接作用，不作任何成分定语从句 that 是关系代词，起连接作用和充 当宾语和主语 2同位语从句同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关系，对名词进行补充说明定语从句 定从和前面的名词是所
18、属关系，对名词进行修饰，加以限定 3同位语从句that 不能省定语从句 that 在从句中作宾语时，可以省,The idea that computers will recognize human voices surprises many people.,1) What is the idea?,The idea is that computers will recognize human voices.,2) What surprises many people?,i) The idea surprises many people.,ii) That computers will reco
19、gnize human voices surprises many people.,2. The possibility that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.,1) What is the possibility?,The possibility is that the majority of the labor force will work at home.,2) What is often discussed?,i) The possibility is often discu
20、ssed.,ii) That the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.,3. Well discuss the problem that the majority of the students are often late for school.,1) What is the problem?,The problem is that the majority of the students are often late for school.,2) What will we discuss?,W
21、ell discuss the problem.,Well discuss that the majority of the students are often late for school.,1. _made the school proud was _more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities .A What / because B What / that C That / what D That / because 2._she couldnt understand was _ fewer an
22、d fewer students showed interest in her lessons .A What / why B That / what C What / because D Why / that,B,A,B,3. He is absent from school . It is _ he is seriously ill. A. why B. because C. that D. the reason,4 _has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising .A Who B The one C Anyone D Who
23、ever 5. Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities .A that B how C where D what,D,A,6. _ is no possibility _ Bob can win the first prize in the match. A. There, that B. It, that C. There, whether D. It, which,A,7 I drove to Zhuhai for the air s
24、how last week .- Is that _you had a few days off ?A why B when C what D where 8 Are you still thinking about yesterdays game ? - Oh ,thats _.A what makes me feel excited B whatever I feel excited about C how I feel about it D when I feel excited,A,A,._ fashion differs from country to country may ref
25、lect the cultural differences from one aspect .A What B That C This D Which 10. When you answer questions in a job interview ,please remember the golden rule :Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants .A what B which C when D that 11. We made the suggestion that he _ his work .A continues B continue
26、 C continued D had continued,B,A,B,11.There will be a special price for _ buys things in large number here. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. Whomever 12. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game . why B. what C. who D. that (05) 13.The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he ca
27、n get. (05)A. whichever B. however C. whatever D.whenever,14.Many newspaper printed the governors statement _ would support a tax cut. and he B. was that he C which he D that he 15._ man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun. Which B. How C. What D. That 16.It is generally cons
28、idered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A. However B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever,1. Can you make sure _ the gold rings? A. where she had put B. where had she put C. where she has put D. where has she put,2.The reason that has been such a success _ he never gives up.A. is B. is because
29、 C. is that D. is what,3. _ breaks the law should be punished. A Whoever b. No matter who c. anyone. d. who,4. That is _ I had to take the risk of being washed away.A. why B. reason why C. how D. what 5. Do _ you think is right _ difficulties you may have.A. what ;however B. that ;whatever C. whatev
30、er ; whoever D. what; whatever 6.The workers considered it important _ the boss would agree to give them a rise.A. whether B. how C. where D. which,7. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether,8. You are saying that everyone
31、should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how,9. Difficulty lies _ we have no money.A. that B. in that C. in the fact D. in the fact that,10. I dont think the question of _ they are old or young is important.A. which B. whether C. how D. why,11. It makes no difference _ y
32、ou will go today or tomorrow.A. if B. whether C. that D. what 12. _ should be sent to work there? A. Who do you suggest B. Who do you suggest that should C. Do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom should,13. The news _ Lincoln was murdered filled the American peoples hearts with deep sorrow
33、. A. which B. when C. that D. how 14. _ he said at the meeting astonished everyone present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 15. I dont trust his promise _ he will buy me a new car. A. which B. what C. when D. that,16. She received the message _ he would come by plane. A. that B. which C. w
34、hat D. when 17. Energy is _ makes things work.A. what B. something C. anything D. that 18.Our city has changed a lot ,and now it is quite different from _ a few years ago.A. what it used to be B. that it used to beC.which it used to be D. what was it,19. We all know the truth _ there are air ,water
35、and sunlight,there are living things.A. wherever B. where C. that D. that wherever 20.The true value of life is not in _ , but_.A. how you get ;that you give B.which you get;what you giveC.what you get ;what you giveD. what do you get ;what do you give 21._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It,Good bye,
