1、人教版,语法 代词,人教版,语法要点 1掌握人称代词、物主代词和不定代词的用法。 2掌握指示代词和反身代词的人称和数的变化。,要点一：人称代词,me,us,you,you,they,my friend = Tom = Mary= my mother = Mary and lily= he and I = his sister=,he /she,he,she,she,they,we,she,人教版,2.用法 人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或表语，宾格作动词或介词的宾语，也可作表语使用。如： We all like him.(we作主语，him作宾语) Who is it? Its I/me.(it
2、作主语，I或me作表语),提醒 (1)当句中三种人称单数并列时一般顺序是you, he and I(即二、三、一)；复数并列时顺序是we, you and they。 You ,he and I are all invited to the party this evening.,it作无人称代词的主语，表时间、天气、距离、温度、环境和情况。 It was noisy when I got to the room.What time is it? Its nine oclock. (时间）Whats the weather like today?Its sunny. （天气）Its two k
3、ilometers from your school to the post office. （距离）,人教版,(2)代词it可代替动词不定式作为句中的形式主语或形式宾语，也可用于某些固定句式中。如：对我而言，按时完成作业有困难。 _hard for me _ the homework on time. 我们认为晚饭后散步很有益。We think it helpful _ a walk after supper.他花了三天时间读完了那本书。 _him three days to finish reading the book.,Its,to finish,to take,It took,人教版
4、,要点二：物主代词,mine,yours,his,its,人教版,2.用法 形容词性物主代词不能单独使用，用于名词前作定语，相当于形容词的作用。名词性物主代词单独使用，相当于名词的作用。 如； This is his computer.This computer is his. 这是他的电脑。,人教版,要点三：反身代词,1反身代词表示“某人自己”。详见下表：,myself,yourselves,itself,人教版,2.用法 (1)反身代词在句子中用作宾语和表语(不能单独用作主语)，和句子中的主语相呼应，表示主语动作的承受者或表现的特征是自己本身。如： The girl is too youn
5、g to look after _. 这个女孩太小，不能照顾自己。(作宾语) (2)反身代词作主语或宾语的同位语，起强调主语或宾语的作用。如： I myself can do this work well. 我自己能做好这项工作。(作主语的同位语) You can ask the teacher herself. 你可以问问老师本人。(作宾语的同位语),herself,人教版,3固定搭配leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下 随便吃/喝_ by oneself 单独地 过得快乐；玩得开心_ learn by oneselfteach oneself 自学 伤害某人自己_ co
6、me to oneself 苏醒 say to oneself 心里想 make oneself at home 别拘束,help oneself to,enjoy oneself,hurt oneself,一、用人称代词代替下列各词或划线部分： 1. Mrs. Li 2. her uncle 3. Miss Liu 4. my family 5. my cousin and I 6. our pencils 7. its tail 8. his grandmother 9. your T-shirt 10. Bob 11. their pears 12. the park 13. Jenny
7、 14. the animals 15. my mother and father16. The car is red.17. These books are on the desk 18. My mother and I are at home. 19. Mr. Smith is a kind man. 20. Her aunt is a model.(模特),二用括号中代词的适当形式填空 1. Her sister is helping _（we）. 2. John and I are in the same school. （we）go to school together. 3. Ev
8、eryone likes_( she), do (you)? 4. Her sister is helping _（we）. 5. _(me) have many friends. Some of （they）are good at English. 6. Jim is English. _ (I) like playing with _(he) 7 .I love _（they）very much. 8. Miss Li often looks after_（she） 9.They are waiting for_（they）. 10.Do you like Li Ming? No, _(I
9、) dont like _.(he) 11.Danny gives the book to _ . (you),us,We,her,us,I,them,I,him,them,herself,them,I,him,you,1. Is _ a boy or girl? A. she B. he C. one D. it 2. They asked_ to do the work. A. you, he and I B. you, him and meC. I, you and he D. me, you and him 3. Someone is knocking at the door, but
10、 who can_ be? A. one B. he C. she D. it 4. _ a heavy rain last night. A. There had B. We had C. It was D. There is5. _ is 200 kilometres from here to the natural park. We have to go there by car. A. There B. It C. This D. The place 6. The bear was shot in_ head. ? A. the B. its C. a D. this,8. Our r
11、oom is big, but_ is bigger than_. A. their; our B. their; oursC. theirs; ours D. theirs; our. 9.Have you read the newspaper today? Yes, there is in it. A. something interesting B. interesting something C. anything interesting D. interesting any thing 10. Sorry I have forgot _ telephone number. A. yo
12、urs B. him C. you D. his 11. We _ at the party last Sunday. A. enjoyed myself B. enjoyed ourselves C. enjoy myself D. enjoyed ourself 12. You are twelve now. _ must look after_. A. You; yourself B. Your; yourself C. You; your D. Youre; yourself,60 Tom is stronger than _ in his class.,A. any students
13、 B. other student,C. any other student D. any other students,.,13.“ Make_ at home.“ he said to his friends. A. yourself B. yourselves C. you D. yours 14. Let Tony do it by_. He is no longer a kid A. him B. his C. himself D. he 15. This blue suit looks better than the green _. A. / B. one C. suits D.
14、 ones 16.Tom, Please pass _ the newspaper. I want to read it.A. you B. me C. him D. her 17. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are _ new words in it. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few 18. -You want _ sandwich? -Yes, I usually eat a lot when Im hungry. A. other B. another C. others D.
15、 the other,人教版,要点四：指示代词,指示代词是表示指示概念的代词，可以在句子中作主语、表语、宾语和定语。指示代词有：,人教版,要点五：不定代词,1定义 不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。多数可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。常见的不定代词有：some，any，no，none，one，all，every，each，other，another，either，neither，both，many，much，(a) few，(a) little，a lot of，lots of以及some，any，no和every与thing，body或one构成的复合不定代词。,人教版,人教版
16、,如：He has _ friends，but he has _ good friends.他有一些朋友，但是他几乎没有好朋友。 Theres still _ meat at home，but theres _ bread. 家里还有点肉，但是几乎没面包了。 (2)some，any 二者均表示“一些”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。some一般用于肯定句，any一般用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句。 在疑问句中，表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表示请求、建议时，用some。如： Would you like _？ 来点儿茶吗？ Will you please get _ for me?
17、 请你帮我弄点儿水好吗？,a few,few,a little,little,some tea,some water,人教版,(3)both，all，neither，either，any，none,如：My parents are _ teachers.我父母都是老师。 There are some trees on _ side of the road. 马路两边都有树。 I like _ these two coats. 两件大衣我都不喜欢。,both,either,neither of,人教版,(4)many，much，a lot of 三者都表示“许多”。其中many 和much 常用
18、于否定句和疑问句中；肯定句中常用a lot of 。many修饰可数名词复数；much修饰不可数名词；a lot of(lots of)既可以修饰可数名词复数，又可以修饰不可数名词。 (5)each，every 两者都表示“每个”“各个”，前者强调每个人或事物的个别情况，即强调个体；后者有“全体”的意思，即强调整体。如： _ them has a dictionary. 他们每人有一本词典。 _ minute is important to us. 对我们来说每分钟都很重要。,Each of,Every,人教版,(6)another，(the) other，(the) others other
19、泛指“另外的”，不能单独使用，后接名词。 others等于“other复数名词”，泛指“别的人或物”；the other(单数可数名词)指“两者中的另一个”，常用于“onethe other”结构。 the others等于“the other复数名词”，表示“其余所有的人或物”。 another 泛指“三者或三者以上中的另一个”。 如：Do you have any other ideas? 你有别的想法吗？ I have two brothers._ is a doctor，_ is a teacher.我有两个兄弟。一个是医生，另一个是教师。,One,the other,人教版,He i
20、s always ready to help _.他总是乐意帮助别人。 Five of them are in the classroom. What about _？他们中有五个人在教室里。其余的人呢？ Dont lose heart. Have _ try.别灰心，再试一次。,others,the others,another,人教版,(7)复合不定代词 以some和any开头的复合不定代词用法和some，any的用法一样。(some和any的用法见上文) 修饰复合不定代词的形容词要放在其后。如： Is there _ in todays newspaper? 今天的报纸有什么重要新闻吗？
21、 复合不定代词作主语视为单数。如： Nobody _ his name. 没有人知道他的名字。,anything important,knows,人教版,要点六：疑问代词,疑问代词主要有who(谁)，whom(谁)，which(哪一个/哪一些)，what(什么)和whose(谁的)，用来构成特殊疑问句，放在句子开头。如： _ do you want to know? 你想要知道什么？ _ shirt is this? 这是谁的衬衫？ Tea and coffee,_ do you prefer?,What,Whose,which,Exercises: 1 -_ is your e-mail a
22、ddress(邮件地址)? -Its . A. Who B. How C. What D. Which 2 _ does your brother do? - He is a bus driver. A. Where B. Why C. What D. How 3. - _ can I do for you? - I would like a cup of tea. A. What B. How C. Which D. Who 4. - _coat is more beautiful than yours? - Lilys. A. Which B. Whose C. Who D. What,7
23、.You may come to my house _ this week_ next week. A. neither; or B .from to C .either or D. either; nor 8.I dont think we can do it all_ .A. by ourselves B. by myself C. by ourself D .by yourselves 9.I dont want this shirt. Please show me_ A.others B .the others C .another D .the other 10.I cant rep
24、air the model ship_ . Can you help_? A. me; me B. myself , myself C .myself, me D. me, myself 11.Does your brother often wash clothes_? A. he B .himself C. herself D .him,5. -_ is the matter? -I have a headache(头疼). A. Who B. What C. How D. Which 6 - _are you going to do this evening, Sally? -Im goi
25、ng to do my homework. A. Where B. what C. how D. when,12. We study Chinese, English , maths and some _ subjects. A.the other B. one C .other D .another 13.I have two sisters . _ of them are doctors. A. Both B. All C .Either D. Neither 14.The book on the shelf is_.She _ wrote_ name on its cover . A.
26、hers, herself, her B. Her; hers; herself C. hers; her; hers D .Her; herself; herself 15. “Dont worry . Theres_ much wrong with you.” said the doctor.A. nothing B .everything C. something D .very,16.These shoes are too small. You may buy some_ shoes . A. another B .other C .the others D. others 17.I
27、asked Jim and Bob to come to my house for dinner , but_ of them came . A.all B. both C .none D .neither 18._ Li Pings brother.A. Her B. His C .Hes D. Shes,19. I found _impossible for _to work out the maths problem. A. it; him B.it; he C. that; him D. that; he 20. I hate _ when people talk with their
28、 mouths full. A. it B. that C. these D. them 21. Although he s wealthy，he spends _ on clothes. A. little B. few C. a little D. a few,22. The doctors and nurses are doing their best to fight SARS. They think more of others than _. A. they B. them C. themselves D. theirs 23.-Which do you prefer, a bot
29、tle of orange or a bottle of milk? -_, thanks. Id like a cup of tea. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None 24. -Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food. -Never mind. You can have _. A. us B. ours C. you D. yours 25. -Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning?-_ is OK. Im free today and tomorrow. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None 26. -How are you going to improve _ this term? -Work harder than last term. A. ourselves B. myself C. himself D. yourself,
