1、(2010山东高考)Helping others is a habit, _ you can learn even at an early age. Ait Bthat Cwhat Done,(一)代词,解析:考查代词。句意:帮助他人是一种习惯,一种你可以从小学习的习惯。one在此指a habit,作a habit的同位语。,答案:D,1one替代单数名词,通常为泛指的不特定的名词,ones 为其复数形式。the one替代前面的单数名词,表示特指,往往其后带定语,the ones 为其复数形式。 I havent got a computer. I want to buy one next
2、year. 我没有电脑,我想明年买一台。 The dictionary on the desk is much better than that/the one on the shelf. 桌子上的那本词典比架子上的那本要好。,2that既可以替代特指的单数可数名词,也可以替代特指 的不可数名词,替代特指的单数可数名词时,相当于 the one。 The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Nanjing in winter. 在冬季,北京的天气要比南京的天气冷得多。 3those 替代可数名词复数,相当于the ones。 Stude
3、nts in Class One are more hardworking than those in Class Two . 一班的学生比二班的学生学习更努力。,注意 one 替代前边的名词,作前边名词的同位语时;前边的名词若是特指,要用the one;若是泛指则用one。 He is a kind student,one who always helps others. 他是一个热心肠的学生,一个总是帮助别人的学生。 He is the most excellent student,the one who wins the first prize.他就是那个最优秀的学生,那个赢得一等奖的学
4、生。,(2010辽宁高考)The fact that she was foreign made _ difficult for her to get a job in that country. Aso Bmuch Cthat Dit,解析:考查代词辨析。此处it用作形式宾语,代替后面的动词不定式短语to get a job in that country,形式主语和形式宾语只能用it,不用其他代词。,答案:D,1用作人称代词,代替前面提到的事物或人,在句子中 作主语或宾语。 Your story is interesting,but I dont like it. 你的故事很有趣,但是我不喜
5、欢。,2用于疑问句的答语中,代替指示代词(this,that)。 Whats this? 这是什么? Its a panda.是只熊猫。 Whose exercisebook is that? 那是谁的练习本? Its hers.是她的。,3当说话者不清楚或没必要知道说话对象的性别时,也 可用it 来表示。 What a beautiful baby! Is it a boy? 多漂亮的宝宝啊!是个男孩吗?,4用作非人称代词,表示时间、日期、天气、温度、距离 等,常用作句子的主语。 It is Saturday today. 今天是星期六。 Its two kilometers from sc
6、hool to my home. 从我家到学校有两公里远。,5it 作形式主语或形式宾语,而把不定式短语、动词ing 短语或名词性从句等真正的主语或宾语置于句末。 Its impolite to speak to others with your mouth full of food.嘴里含着食物跟人说话是不礼貌的。 Its no use going there so early. 这么早去那儿没什么用处。 He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well. 他发现学好一门外语是不容易的。,6用作look,seem,appear,hap
7、pen 等词的主语。 It seems that he lost his way. 他好像迷路了。 It happened that I saw him yesterday. 我昨天碰巧看见他了。,7it 用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面,尤其是表示好 恶的动词或词组后面,如:enjoy,like,love,dislike,hate,appreciate,dont mind,be fond of,feel like,see to,depend on 等后。 I like it when she sings a song for me. 我喜欢她为我唱歌。 You may depend on i
8、t that they will support you. 你相信好了,他们会支持你的。,(2010重庆高考)He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _ of them again. Aneither Beither Ceach Dall,解析:考查代词的用法。根据题干中的temper和health可知此处表示两者,且句中含有否定词never只有B项符合。,答案:B,1both,all,either,any,neither,none的用法,When shall we meet again? 咱们什么时候再
9、见面? Make it any day you like;its all the same to me. 你喜欢哪天就哪天,对我来说,哪天都无所谓。,Can you come on Monday or Tuesday? 周一和周二你哪天能来? Im afraid neither day is possible. 恐怕(这两天)哪天都不行。 Do you want tea or coffee? 你要茶还是要咖啡? Either.I really dont mind. (这两种)哪个都行,我都不介意。,2none,nothing,nobody(no one )的区别 (1)none 既可指人,也可
10、指物,且表特指概念,常回答how many ,how much 引导的疑问句;nobody(no one) 只能指人,且表泛指概念,常回答who 引导的疑问句;nothing 只能指物,且表泛指概念,常回答what 引导的疑问句。 How much money do you have? 你有多少钱? None. 一点也没有。 What are you doing now? 你在做什么? Nothing. 什么也没做。,(2)none 往往与前面的some/any/every名词相对应;not- hing 往往与前面的 something/anything/everything 相对应;no o
11、ne 往往与前面的somebody (one)/everybody (one)/anybody(one)相对应。 If I had some money,I would lend him some,but unfortunately,I have none. 如果我有钱的话,我就借给他一些,但不幸的是,我没钱。,(3)none 后面可跟of 短语,而something/anything/every thing/nothing 和someone/anyone/everyone/no one 却不能。 As we were asleep,none of us heard the sound. 由于
12、我们在睡觉,因此没人听到那声音。,3each,every 的区别 each 强调“个体”,可作代词和形容词,指“两个或两个以上中的每一个”;every 强调“全体”,只能作定语,指“三个或三个以上中的每一个”。each 作同位语时,不影响谓语动词的数,不可用not each 表部分否定。 Each of the tickets costs 10 dollars.The tickets cost 10 dollars each.The tickets each cost 10 dollars. 每张票十美元。(后两句中each 作同位语) Every man is not honest.Not
13、every man is honest. 并非每个人都诚实。,4another与the other的区别 another 意为“另外的,另一个”指三者或三者以上的另一个,泛指同类的人或事物,可单独使用或在其后加单数可数名词。 “the other单数名词”特指两者中的另一个,可用the one 代替;“the other复数名词”特指两者以上中剩下的所有的,可用the others 代替。,I dont like this sweater and give me another one,please. 我不喜欢这件毛衣,请再给我拿一件。 I only have one shoe. The ot
14、her (one) is missing. 我只有一只鞋,另一只鞋找不到了。,(2011桂林十八中质检)Everyone wants to live in a beau-tiful,comfortable and livable place, but not_ know where it is. Asome Beither Call Dboth,解析:句意:大家都想住在一个美丽的、舒适的和易于居住的地方,但并不是所有的人知道它在何处。not all 表示“并不是所有的”,为部分否定,符合题意。,答案:C,all/both/everyone/everybody/everything 以及ever
15、y名词都表示全部肯定;no one/none/nobody/nothing/not.any,以及no名词都表示全部否定;但当not 出现在含有全部肯定的不定代词的句子中,不管not 在它们之前还是在它们之后都表示部分否定。此外not 与总括性副词如 everywhere,always,wholly,altogether 等连用时也表示部分否定。,None of the children are noisy. 所有的儿童都不吵闹。 Both of them dont want to stop for a rest. 并非他们两个都愿意停下来休息。,(二)数词,(2010上海高考)It took
16、us quite a long time to get to the amusement park.It was _journey. Athree hour B. a threehour Ca threehour Dthree hours,解析:句意:去游乐园花了我们很长一段时间,是3个小时的路程。一段3个小时的路程可表达为a threehour journey 或three hours journey.,答案:C,1基数词的常考点 (1)基数词的复数形式 基数词后加s 构成复数,表示概数,后面接宾语时,必须用介词of 连接。常见基数词的复数形式如下:dozens (许多的),scores (
17、许多的),hundreds (数以百计的),thousands (数以千计的),millions (数以百万计的)等。 Your actions may touch the lives of thousands of people. 你的行为可能会关系到成千上万人的生命。,注意 当hundred,thousand,million,billion,dozen,score 等的前面是具体数字或是several,a few 的时候,无论数字有多大,它们都用单数。 The company employs three thousand people. 这家公司雇佣了3 000 人。 More than
18、two dozen people were killed in the accident. 这次事故中的死亡人数超过24人。,(2)表示“十”的基数词用于复数时,在“in ones数词 复数”结构中表示某人正处于某个年龄段。 The young man is in his early twenties. 这个小伙子刚二十岁出头。 (3)表示“十”的基数词用于复数时,表示年代:the 20s /30s/40s 表示二十/三十/四十年代;1980s(1980s)表示20世纪80年代,读作:nineteen eighties。 The band was very successful in the eighties. 这个乐队在80年代是非常成功的。,(4)在由连字符连接数词、名词等构成的复合形容词中, 名词用单数形式。 a boy of three years old a threeyearold boy 一个三岁的小男孩 a two months holiday a twomonth holiday 一次两个月的假期,2序数词的常考点 序数词前加不定冠词不表顺序而是表示“再一;又一”。 They have a second house in the city. 他们城里还有一处房子。,