1、能力解读 与专项训练,Energy and persistence conquer all things.,能量加毅力可以征服一切。 富兰克林,借助 “逻辑关系” 手段 推导主旨脉络,Warming Up,skyscrapers,skyscrapers：cities = fields：_,Warming Up,fields,countryside,Warming Up,1. stars : _= sand grains : beach 2. hat : head = _ : hands 3. panda : China = Kangaroo : _ 4. water : _ = earth :
2、 land 5. shops : customers = planes : _,universe,gloves,Australia,ocean,passengers,He is _ for class， because he is stuck in the traffic jam.,Warming Up,late,Warming Up,1. Mr. Brown is a teacher; he works in the _. 2. KFC staff work not only in the day, but also during the _. 3. It is so urgent that
3、 he has _ time to explain more. 4. Linda _ and fell down the stairs because the floor was wet. 5. Time is very valuable. We must _ our time.,school,night,no,slipped,treasure cherish value,Warming Up,ant,bee,cat,dog,elephant,frog,goose,horse,iguana,jenny,kangaroo,lamb,monkey,Exemplifying in Skills,“逻
4、辑关系” 英语的语篇非常追求逻辑的严谨，而逻辑严谨的达成主要通过使用众多的连接词来实现。英语语篇中常见的逻辑关系有以下七种：,平行或递进的关系,转折的关系,目的或因果的关系,层次或顺序的关系,例举的关系,解释说明的关系,归纳总结的关系,Exemplifying in Skills,表示平行或递进关系的连接词有：and, or, also, as well (as), likewise, similarly, at the same time, both. and., besides, furthermore, in addition (to), moreover, worse still等。,
5、这些连接词表明下文将出现与前面同类性质的内容，或是对前面内容的进一步阐述。,【例1】 When Alice started to cycle home from Jennys house, she wasnt nervous. She was certainly not afraid of the dark. _, it was only a 15-minute ride home. A. However B. BesidesC. Therefore D. Otherwise,由前文 “她并不怕黑” 和后文 “这仅仅只是15分钟的车程” 可知， 前后文表示递进的关系， 所以连接词应是选项B.
6、Besides。,Exemplifying in Skills,表示转折关系的连接词有：although, but, however, instead, nevertheless, on the contrary, otherwise, to the opposite, while, yet等。,这些连接词表明下文讲述的将是相反的或全新的内容或观点，需要格外注意。此时应放慢阅读速度，多留心上下文在意义上的转变。,【例2】 Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end
7、 of an assignment. _, it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way.A. However B. MoreoverC. Instead D. Therefore,文段意思是 “修改并不仅仅是你即将完成一件任务时草草的收尾； 相反， 它是创作过程的一个关键步骤， 而且作家在整个过程中都在不停地修改”， 后一句完全推翻了前一句的意思， 所以正解为选项C. Instead (相反地)。,Exemplifying in Skills,表示目的或因果关系的连接词
8、有：as, as a result, because (of), consequently, due to, for, now that, since, so, so. that., such. that., therefore, thus等。,这些连接词也是帮助理解行文思路的有用信号。,【例3】 When I read these definitions, I am repeatedly exposed to (接触) the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas. _ this, I can
9、 express myself more easily in English.A. According to B. In relation toC. In addition to D. Because of,前文的意思是 “当我阅读这些定义的时候， 我就反复接触到基本的词汇， 并学习它们如何描述事物和想法”； 后文的意思是 “我可以更轻松地用英语表达”。 可见， 中间的连接词应表示因果关系， 所以正解为选项D. Because of。,Exemplifying in Skills,表示层次、 顺序关系的连接词有：after (that), another, before, first (ly)
10、, second (ly), third (ly), at last, finally, later on, next, then, on the one hand等。,通过它们能迅速理清文章的基本脉络。,【例4】 Supporters claim that there are many benefits of service learning. Perhaps most importantly, students are forced to think. the needs of others. Students are also able to learn. working as part
11、 of a team. _, students can explore possible careers through service learning. A. Gradually B. Finally C. Luckily D. Hopefully,开头说到服务学习有很多好处， 然后列举了三种好处。 从表示层次的信息词most importantly (最重要的是)， also (也) 可知空格应选Finally (最后) 来引出最后一个好处。,Exemplifying in Skills,表示例举关系的连接词有：for example, for instance, for one thi
12、ng, for another, such as等。,这些词表明下文将给出具体的例子。,【例5】 The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece. If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part. For instance, Lloyd Webber _ some of the music be
13、cause the Phantoms makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds.A. rewrote B. released C. recorded D. reserved,前文阐明观点 “即使是最有天份的艺术家、音乐家、作家，他们的第一件作品也很少是杰作修改看起来像一个非常自然的过程”，中间有连接词For instance，表明后文将举例说明，所以正解应与revising意义相近，故选项A. rewrote最合适。,Exemplifying in Skills,表示解释说明关系的连接词有：in other words， na
14、mely， that is等。,这些词表明下文将对上文作进一步的解释说明。,【例6】 What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding， deleting, replacing, reordering, _, revising. A. in particular B. as a resultC. for example D. in other words,根据常识可知， adding
15、(增加)、 deleting (删除)、 replacing (替换)、 reordering (重新排序) 都是revising (修改) 的下义词， 即被revising包含在内， 所以连接词应表示进一步解释说明的关系， 故正解为选项D. in other words (换句话说)。,Exemplifying in Skills,表示归纳总结的连接词有：as a result, so, briefly, in a word, in brief, in short, on the whole, to sum up 等。,这些词表明下文将进行归纳或总结。,【例7】 So _, Nobel ha
16、d to die before he realized what his life was really about. A. generally B. basically C. usually D. certainly,从语义上判断， so在这里表示总结： 诺贝尔得 “死” 过一次， 才能认识到人生的真谛。 所以副词应选择选项B. basically (基本上， 从根本上说)。,Exemplifying in Skills,即时训练(P 9),1. B。 转折关系 2. C。 解释说明的关系 3. A。 转折关系 4. B。 顺序的关系 5. D。 平行关系 6. C。 因果关系 7. A。 例举的关系 8. B。 例举的关系,Practising on NMET Schedule,A. 课后完成 “第三节 语言知识及应用专项训练” 中的 “完形填空第三大策略专练： 逻辑关系”。 (P20)B. 课后完成 “第四节 语言知识及应用综合训练” 中 “语言知识及应用综合训练3” 的完形填空。 (P26),Take a break!,
