1、 constrain 11 vt.强迫, 抑制 , 拘束obscure 8 adj.暗的, 朦胧的 , 模糊的, 晦涩的 vt.使暗 , 使不明显comply 6 vi.顺从, 答应, 遵守confirm 6 vt.确定, 批准, 使巩固, 使有效 v.确认, ( 基督教中)给.行按手礼magnify 6 vt.放大, 扩大 , 赞美, 夸大, 夸张 vi.有放大能力transition 6 n.转变, 转换, 跃迁, 过渡, 变调conform 5 vt.使一致, 使遵守, 使顺从 vi.符合, 相似, 适应环境 adj.一致的, 顺从的incompatible 5 adj.性质相反的, 矛
2、盾的, 不调和的scrape 5 n.刮, 擦, 擦痕, 刮擦声, 困境 vi.刮掉, 擦掉, 刮出刺耳声 vt.刮, 擦, 擦伤,transaction 5 n. 办理, 处理, 会报, 学报, 交易, 事务, 处理事务transmission 5 n.播送, 发射 , 传动, 传送, 传输, 转播trivial 5 adj.琐细的, 价值不高的, 微不足道的ambiguous 4 adj. 暧昧的 , 不明确的coincide 4 vi.一致, 符合confront 4 vt.使面临, 对抗 conspicuous 4 adj.显著的deprive 4 vt. 剥夺, 使丧失descend
3、 4 vi.下来, 下降, 遗传(指财产,气质,权利), 突击, 出其不意的拜访 v.下去excessive 4 adj.过多的, 过分的, 额外 extinctinspire 4 vt.吸(气), 鼓舞, 感动, 激发, 启示, 使生灵感, 产生 vi.吸入, 赋予灵感obligation 4 n.义务, 职责, 债务reservation 4 n.保留, (旅馆房间等) 预定, 预约1.Above all:最重要的是，most important of all Above all, theyll have to discover how much nitrogen it possesses
4、 since nitrogen is4/5 of the air breathe.(2002-1)2.Account for:解释。说明How do you account for the truth?3.After all：终究，毕竟We wont be laid off after all.(1998-1)4.Air /car crash:空难，车祸5.Allergic to:过敏Im allergic to beef and mutton.6.Appeal to:吸引，呼吁。Could you tell me which position you think most appeals t
5、o you?(2002-6)7.Apply for/to, application letter 申请，求职信8.At ease:安逸，自由自在I dont know why he is ill at ease?心神不宁9.Back up:支持，援助。10.Beat the crowd :避开人群，避开高峰 The only to beat the crowds when you do the grocery shopping on Sunday is to be here when they open at 9 sharp.(1990-6)11.Be aware of:意识到I like p
6、eople who are going about their daily business without being aware of the camera(1997-1)12.Behind the schedule/late13.Be in charge of:负责，照顾，经管 be responsible for14.Be in the charge of:下级+be in the charge of+上级15.Be in season:应季的，当令的These apples and pears seem to be in season.(1995-6)16.Be supposed t
7、o do:应该，被期望What am I supposed to do with his help?17.Book upBreak down/doesnt work18.Bring up:教育，培养，提出She brought up her children to be truthful.19.Build up 积累，增强，树立20.By chance/run into:偶然21.By no means :绝不 /anything but22.Check in/out23.Come up:发生，出现，提出24.Come up with:针对问题，挑战等提出，想出，赶上I spent a who
8、le week searching on the net, but came up with nothing valuable.25.Concentrate on/focus on 集中26.Deal with /cope with 处理27.Drop in :顺便拜访28.Drop out of:不参与，退出Theyre likely to drop out of school and less likely to succeed in life.29.Eat ones words 食言30.Fall short of:达不到，不符合Its results fell short of her
9、 expectation.(2002-1)31.Figure out :搞清楚，弄明白What I cant figure out is how to make it work in my program.(2002-1)32.Find out33.Fit ones need;满足某人需要34.For ages/a long time35.Get along with:进展38.Use to do:过去常常39.Go Dutch/split the bill/fifty-fifty/separate the bill40.Go sightseeing41.Go/keep on a dietIm
10、 on a diet recently, so Id better skip the dessert.42.Have a hard/difficult time with sth.43.Have a temperature/fever44.Have the final say:有决定权45.Hold up:堵塞 i，持枪拦截，举起，拦截Did you hear that the convenience store next to the gas station was held uplast night?(2005-6)46.In a good/terribly /mood47.In the
11、long run:长期来看It seems very experience. But in the long run it will save the money on the maintenance.(1995-6)48.Join in:参与49.Keep between the two of us:/keep a secret50.Keep fit51.Keep in touch with52.Knock it off/stop53.Lay off/fire54.Let out:放走，泄露55.Look for a needle in a haystack:大海捞针56.Make a hi
12、t:获得成功57.Make ends meet:使收支相抵58.Make sense:有意义59.Make up;补偿，化妆，补考60.Meet each other half way: make an agreement61.Move on:/go on/continue/keep on62.Nothing but:只有63Anything but:绝不64.Now that:既然65.On earth:究竟66.On purposes :有意，故意67.Out of the world:/wonderful/amazing68.Pull in;进站，靠岸69.Pull through:痊愈
13、，恢复健康70.Put off/delay/71.Put through:接通电话72.Reach the bottom of the barrel: use up/run out of73.Resign ones post:/quit;辞职74.Ring a bell:听起来很熟75.Run off/copy76.Sign up for/join in/register77.Sneak up on sb.头头接近，靠近78.Take for granted:相当然地认为79.Take ones time;从容不迫80.Take ones word:./believe in sb./trust
14、 sb.81.The reverse is also true:反之亦然82.Tie up with/busy with83.Tired of/get bored of84.Under the weather:身体不舒服85.Well-off/rich people86.White elephant:无价值的东西，废物87.White lie:善意的谎言 88.You bet :当然On Blind-date Show 电视相亲Nowadays, the blind-date shows are becoming more and more popular. Whenever we turn
15、on TV, those incredible scenes of blind-date shows would pop up on the screen. Many people, from teenagers to the eldly, are so crazy about these shows that they never miss a single chance to watch them.Three reasons would contribute to the popularity of these blind-date shows. To begin with, there
16、are over 180 million people who remain single long after they have reached official age for marriage. Moreover, a great number of people would like to amuse themselves by watching other people dating. Last but not least, more and more television producers add a couple of attractive elements to cater
17、 for the different tastes of the audiences.In my view, the government should impose restrictions to these blind-date shows. Many of these shows advocate money-worship and materialism; quite a few of the guests identities are artificial. If these problems are not solved, the misleading effects can be
18、 disastrous合租房On Flat SharingIt is reported that there are more and more people sharing flat with others in major cities in China, such as Beijing, Shanghai and so on. This is especially true for many fresh graduates.There are two main reasons concerning this phenomenon. Firstly, the price of house
19、renting goes higher and higher day by day. Therefore, it is not easy for common people to afford an apartment in the cities. Secondly, most people sharing the flat with others are those who have just graduate from the university. They dont have enough money to afford the flat and dont want to borrow
20、 money from their parents neither.Every coin has two sides, so does flat sharing. On one hand, flat sharing can help people save money on renting. On the other hand, it may bring up some problems such as who pays for what, and in what proportion. However, in my view, that wont be a problem as long a
21、s one deals with the problems kindly and fairly.(一)原因1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for) the phenomenon (problem).2.The answer to this problem involves many factors.3.The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that.4
22、.The factors that contribute to this situation include.5.The change in .largely results from the fact that.6.We may blame .,but the real causes are. 7.Part of the explanations for it is that .One of the most common factors (causes .is that .Another contributing factor (cause .is .Perhaps the primary
23、 factor is that But the fundamental cause is that(二)比较 1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that.4.It is reasonable to maintain that .but it would be foolish to claim tha
24、t.5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages. 6.Like anything else, it has its faults.8.A bears some resemblances to B.9.However, the same is not applicable to B.10.A and B differ in several ways.11.Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.12.People used to think .,
25、but things are different now.13.The same is true of B.14.Wondering as A is, it has its drawbacks.15.It is true that A ., but the chief faults (obvious defects )are .三、后果1. It may give rise to a host of problems.2. The immediate result it produces is .3. Its consequence can be so great that.四、批驳1. It
26、 is true that ., but one vital point is being left out.2. There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.3. Some people say ., but it does not hold water.4. Many of us have been under the illusion that.5. A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the state
27、ment is.6. It makes no sense to argue for .7. Too much stress placed on . may lead to .8. Suc a statement mainly rests on the assumption that .9. Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that .结尾万能公式：Obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and res
28、pect for others.更多过渡短语：to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus更多句型：Thus, it can be concluded that, Therefore, we can find that结尾万能公式二：如此建议Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.Consequently,
29、 to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.写作的“七项基本原则” ：一、 长 短 句原则As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar. 如此可见，长短句结合，抑扬顿挫，岂不爽哉？牢记！强烈建议：在文章第
30、一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉！文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 主 题 句原则特别提示：隐藏主体句可是要冒险的！To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主题句）. Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions corre
31、ctly.三、 一 二 三原则1）first, second, third, last（不推荐，原因：俗）2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推荐，原因：俗）3）the first, the second, the third, the last（不推荐，原因：俗）4）in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly（不推荐，原因：俗）5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（强烈推荐）6）to start with, n
32、ext, in addition, finally（强烈推荐）7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（强烈推荐）8）most important of all, moreover, finally9）on the one hand, on the other hand（适用于两点的情况）10）for one thing, for another thing（适用于两点的情况）建议：不仅仅在写作中注意，平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚！四、 短语优先原则I cannot bear it.可以用短语表达：I cannot put up wit
33、h it.I want it.可以用短语表达：I am looking forward to it.这样字数明显增加，表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则比如我们说一个很好的时候，不应该之说 nice 这样空洞的词，应该使用一些诸如 generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。再比如：走出房间，general 的词是： walk out of the room但是小偷走出房间应该说：slip out of the room小姐走出房间应该说：sail out of the room小孩走
34、出房间应该说：dance out of the room老人走出房间应该说：stagger out of the room所以多用实词，少用虚词，文章将会大放异彩6、 多变句式原则1）加法（串联）besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover2）转折（拐弯抹角）先拐弯抹角说说他的优点，然后转入正题，再说缺点despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding3 因果（so, so, so ）更多短语：then, therefore, consequen
35、tly, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that4）失衡句（头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重） 举例：This is what I can do.Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分：When to go, Why he goes away6）排比（排山倒海句）We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials
36、and to pay for our life. （气势恢宏）七、 挑战极限原则 The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.如果您可一些出这样的句子，不得高分才怪！图表求学信Dear Sir or Madam:I am a Chinese student who wish to study at your
37、 prestigious/esteemed university . My plan is to start my course next term , and I would be grateful if you would be kind enough to provide me with certain essential information。First, what qualifications do I need to follow a course of study at your university ? I alreaday had a bachelors degree fr
38、om BeiJing Vniversity , but I wonder if there are any further academic requirements . Second , how much are the tuition fees? Although I intend to be self supporting . I would be interested to here if there are any scholarships available for international students . Third , what is the situation as
39、regards a commodation?I look forward to your reply . and to attend your esteemed institution。Yours SincerelyLiMing邀请信Dear WangCai:I am greatly honored to formally invite you to participate in Mr old fishs wedding ceremong 该文章转载自无忧考网：http:/with Miss Micky Mouse to be held in ZhouJi Hotel on April 2009If you do not have any prior appointment on April 1. We look forword to the pleasure of your company 。Yours SincerelyLiMing
